Descriptive Histomorphometric Ingrowth Analysis of the Zurich Cementless Canine Total Hip Acetabular Component

Objectives— To (1) determine bone contact with the outer surface and ingrowth into the perforated outer shell of the Kyon acetabular component at 2, 6, and 12 months after total hip replacement (THR) and (2) determine correlation between radiographic lucency surrounding the cup–bone interface and bone contact and ingrowth.
Study Design— Experimental study.
Animals— Large breed dogs (n=11) with and without hip dysplasia.
Methods— Force platform gait analysis was performed preoperatively and 2, 6, and 12 months after THR. Curvilinear length of lucency (CLL) was measured on pelvic radiographs. Tissue contact with the outer cup and ingrowth into the cup were determined histomorphometrically at 2, 6, and 12 months.
Results— Peak vertical force and vertical impulse of the treated and control hind limb were not significantly different at any time. Median bone contact with the outer cup surface was 77%, 48%, and 76% at 2, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Median bone ingrowth into the cup perforations was 50%, 20%, and 44% at 2, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Median bone ingrowth to the inner cup surface was minimal at any time. CLL did not correlate with bone ingrowth.
Conclusions— Bone ingrowth into cup perforations occurred in each dog and was already present 2 months after THR, but most of the inner cup space remained vacant.
Clinical Relevance— Radiographic lucency surrounding the cup–bone interface does not allow assessment of bone contact with the outer surface or bone ingrowth into the Kyon cup in dogs without clinical problems.     

Clinical Evaluation of Canine Acetabular Fractures Stabilized with an Acetabular Plate

A retrospective study of 14 dogs with one or more acetabular fractures stabilized with an acetabular plate was conducted. Twelve of the 14 dogs had additional orthopedic injuries. Follow-up was longer than 6 months. Eleven dogs were evaluated by assessment of radiographs, lameness, mid-thigh circumference, coxofemoral joint range of motion, crepitus, and pain. Varying degrees of osteoarthrosis were noted radiographically at follow-up. Ten of 12 dogs examined had occasional or no clinical lameness. In 10 of 12 dogs, mid-thigh circumference was less on the limb that sustained the acetabular fracture. Nonunion was diagnosed in one plated acetabulum in which two screws had broken. A return to normal or nearly normal function was observed when there were no more than two orthopedic injuries.     

Acetabular osteochondrosis dissecans in a foal

Osteochondrosis affecting the acetabula in horses is rarely reported. Osteochondrosis dissecans in foals only a few weeks old is also an uncommon finding. Lesions compatible with osteochondrosis dissecans in the acetabulum were found to be the cause of a chronic coxofemoral lameness in a 3-week-old Arabian filly. The history, physical examination findings, joint fluid analysis, gross pathologic and histopathologic findings are described.     

基于主成分分析法建立鸭一般抗病力的评估模型

研究对家鸭(金定鸭、樱桃谷鸭、苏牧麻鸭)、番鸭、半番鸭的白蛋白(X1)、球蛋白(X2)、总蛋白(X3)、IgA(X4)、IgM(X5)、IgG(X6)和AI抗体HI效价(X7)等7个免疫指标进行测定,并对这7个免疫指标进行主成分分析。结果表明:选取前2个特征值作为2个主成分(累计贡献率达到90.70%),基本上反映了原所有免疫指标包含的全部信息;通过建立主成分综合评价模型,比较5个群体主成分综合得分,金定鸭得分最高,其次分别为樱桃谷鸭、番鸭,苏牧麻鸭、半番鸭表现较低。     

中细纤度家蚕品种数量性状主成分分析

采用多元统计分析方法,对15个家蚕品种的7个主要经济性状进行主成分分析。结果表明:7个数量性状可简化为产量因子、效率因子、纤度因子3个主成分,所提供的信息量占7个数量性状信息量的85.70%。在主成分分析的基础上,对15个品种的3个主成分值进行聚类分析后划分为4大类群:产量因子的整体趋势是第1类群>第2类群>第4类群>第3类群;效率因子是第3类群>第1类群>第4类群>第2类群;纤度因子是第3类群>第2类群>第1类群>第4类群。基于选择中细纤度蚕品种育种亲本的指标,推测第1类群(苏17、761、SC3、春萌、794)和第2类群(镇12、895春珠肥、854A、898、SJ3)是亲本选择、选配的优先选择材料。     

基于主成分分析构建大白猪一般抗病力的评估模型

为构建大白猪一般抗病力的评估模型,本研究分别检测了30日龄大白猪血清中IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TGF-β、TNF-α和IFN-γ 8个重要细胞因子的浓度,并对这8个指标进行了主成分分析.结果显示,选取前5个特征值作为5个主成分(累计贡献率达到87.721%),基本上反映了原先免疫指标的全部信息;通过建立主成分综合评价模型,比较30日龄腹泻及健康大白猪断奶仔猪的主成分综合得分,健康组断奶仔猪综合得分为0.080,而腹泻组断奶仔猪综合得分为-0.009.本研究初步确定了影响大白猪一般抗病力的主成分,并且对其进行了初步验证,为今后大白猪一般抗病力的早期选育提供了一定的指导和依据.     

犬附红细胞体病例分析

采用鲜血压滴标本法结合末梢血液涂片染色法,检测120只犬感染附红细胞体的情况,结果显示80只犬呈阳性感染,阳性率为66%。对其中30只发病症状明显的阳性患犬进行血液生理指标测定,患犬表现出不同程度的红细胞总数、红细胞压积、血红蛋白下降;总胆红素、谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶升高。患犬发病时以高热、贫血、黄疸为主要症状,部分患犬继发消化道或呼吸道症状。     

Effects of Firocoxib and Tepoxalin on Healing in a Canine Gastric Mucosal Injury Model

Background: Little is known about the effect of dual cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase inhibition on canine gastric mucosal healing.
Objective: This study compares the effects of putative dual COX and 5-lipoxygenase inhibition with that of COX-2 selective inhibition on gastric mucosal lesion healing in dogs.
Animals: Six normal adult mixed-breed research dogs.
Methods: Gastric body and pyloric lesions were induced by endoscopic biopsy. Dogs were treated with tepoxalin, firocoxib, or placebo for 7 days in a randomized 3-way crossover study design. Healing was evaluated on days 2, 4, and 7 of treatment by endoscopic lesion scoring. Eicosanoid concentrations in plasma and at the lesion margins were determined on days 2, 4, and 7. Repeated measures analyses were performed. All hypothesis tests were 2-sided with P < .05. Multiple comparisons were adjusted using Tukey's test.
Results: Significant treatment differences were noted in the pyloric lesion area measurements. Overall, the firocoxib group had larger lesions than the placebo ( P = .0469) or tepoxalin ( P = .0089) groups. Despite larger pyloric lesions in the firocoxib group, mucosal prostaglandin production did not differ significantly from placebo. In contrast, the tepoxalin group had significantly lower pyloric mucosal prostaglandin production compared with the firocoxib ( P < .0001) or the placebo ( P < .0001) groups but pyloric lesions were not significantly larger than those of the placebo group ( P = .7829).
Conclusion: COX-2 inhibition by firocoxib slowed wound healing by a mechanism independent of prostaglandin synthesis. Suppression of mucosal prostaglandin production by tepoxalin did not alter mucosal lesion healing compared with placebo.     

犬腹主动脉瘤模型的快速建立

用弹力蛋白酶直接破坏犬腹主动脉管壁中膜的弹力板结构,快速构建一种适用于腔内治疗研究的犬腹主动脉瘤疾病模型.手术分离犬腹主动脉2 cm左右,将5 mL弹力蛋白酶(100 U/mL)注射到犬腹主动脉管壁中膜,导致犬腹主动脉管壁中膜结构和负荷失衡,不能抵抗管腔内血流压力而发生阶段性扩张.超声每天观察并记录犬腹主动脉瘤样扩张情...     

Evaluation of the Autonomic Nervous System in a Canine Model of Chronic Embolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Veterinary Research Communications - Sildenafil improves autonomic dysfunction caused by pulmonary hypertension (PH) in humans, but its effect is unknown in dogs with PH. This prospective study...     

Evaluation of Transmittance and Reflectance Pulse Oximetry in a Canine Model of Hypotension and Desaturation

Ten, anesthetized dogs were instrumented with three pulse oximeter probes; two lingual transmittance probes and one rectal reflective probe. Arterial oxygen desaturation was produced by decreasing the inspired oxygen concentration. Hypotension was produced with an infusion of nitroprusside. Simultaneous pulse oximeter readings (SpO₂) were compared to co-oximeter measured arterial saturation (SaO₂) collected over a range of SaO₂ (50–100%) and mean arterial pressures (40–100mmHg). Each of the monitors and means of evaluating SpO₂ studied provided accurate SpO₂ measurements over a range of mean arterial pressure from 40–100mmHg. All of the monitors tested tended to overestimate the SaO₂ when the arterial saturation was less than 70%.     

一株犬细小病毒云南毒株生物学特性分析

为了解当前犬细小病毒云南地方毒株的生物学特性,本试验将疑似病犬粪便经处理后接种于F81细胞,逐日观察病毒致细胞病变效应(CPE),对能引起细胞出现CPE的培养物进行病毒粒子电镜观察和分子生物学检测;在此基础上,完成分离病毒的部分生物学特性分析。结果表明,分离物在F81细胞盲传3代后开始出现拉网,脱落,崩解和破碎等CPE现象;电镜下可见病毒粒子呈圆形或六边形,无囊膜,直径约为20 nm;PCR检测出现目的条带,序列分析结果显示该毒株序列和犬细小病毒参考毒株核酸同源性为98.8%~99.7%。该毒株在生物学特性上除具有一般犬细小病毒相关特性外,还表现出异步接毒可致F81细胞出现明显CPE及能凝集食蟹猴红细胞的特性。基于VP2基因序列分析显示分离株基因型为新CPV-2a型,部分有生物学意义位点发生突变,亲缘关系与国内参考毒株关系较远,而与韩国参考毒株亲缘关系较近。提示,本试验成功分离获得一株犬细小病毒云南地方流行毒株,命名为YNX20090901株。     

基于主成分逐步回归法的新疆褐牛体重预测模型研究

[目的]为了找到适合新疆褐牛体重预测的方法。[方法]运用主成分回归分析法构建了新疆褐牛公牛体重模型,消除了常用估重方法中体尺指标间普遍存在的多重共线性模型。[结果]表明,该模型具有较高的精度(R2=0.810,P0.01),估测体重与实测体重具有较高的拟合度(R=0.922,P0.01)。[结论]这种方法适合新疆褐牛的体型结构特点,同时,该方法与模型的应用也为其他品种牛体重估测模型的构建提供了参考。     

犬乳腺肿瘤裸鼠模型建立及其生长特性

为研究犬乳腺肿瘤发展的生物学特性及动态演变过程,建立犬乳腺肿瘤裸鼠模型,探讨其发生及发展规律。将绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)导入到犬乳腺肿瘤CHMm系和CHMp系细胞,将细胞悬液注射种植至裸鼠右侧第二对乳头处,建立裸鼠模型。通过活体成像技术与病理学检测技术,研究不同时间段裸鼠体内肿瘤的动态变化。结果显示:倒置荧光显微镜下可观察到GFP标记的CHMm-GFP和CHMp-GFP细胞均发出稳定的绿色荧光信号,种植后第6天出现肉眼可见肿瘤。通过对接种后第25、35、45和60天荧光信号进行检测和病理检查,绘制肿瘤生长曲线和体重变化曲线;且在接种后第25天裸鼠活体成像时,CHMm-GFP系裸鼠体内荧光信号最强,而CHMp-GFP系则在第35天时,裸鼠体内荧光信号最强。在接种后第25天的离体脏器成像检测时,发现两组裸鼠各有1只淋巴结开始显现荧光信号;第35天3只裸鼠淋巴结内均显示荧光信号,其他脏器无荧光信号。第25天病理组织切片检测,两种细胞系分别有1只裸鼠的肿瘤转移至淋巴结内;在第35、45和60天时解剖裸鼠,发现肿瘤均已转移到淋巴结。建立了两个细胞系犬乳腺肿瘤裸鼠模型,两个细胞系在裸鼠体内不同时段呈现不同的生长特性,且均可转移,为深入研究乳腺肿瘤发生和发展规律提供参考。     

Metoclopramide Reversal of Decreased Gastrointestinal Myoelectric and Contractile Activity in a Model of Canine Postoperative Ileus

Postoperative ileus is characterized by decreased gastrointestinal myoelectric activity and motility. Metoclopramide was used to treat experimentally induced postoperative ileus in six dogs. Contractile activity was monitored by extraluminal strain gages on the pyloric antrum and proximal segment of the duodenum, and myoelectric activity was measured by recording bipolar electromyograms (EMGs) at the pyloric antrum, pyloric canal, proximal segment of the duodenum, proximal and distal parts of the jejunum, and ileum. Measurements were obtained from animals without ileus (baseline) and those with ileus that were either untreated or treated with metoclopramide. Adynamic ileus was induced by rubbing a 50 cm segment of jejunum with a dry sponge for 5 minutes and exposing the bowel to the air for 30 minutes. Treated dogs received metoclopramide (0.4 mg/kg 4 times daily [QID] intravenously [IV]), whereas untreated dogs received a saline placebo, starting 1 hour after celiotomy closure. Recordings were made for 26 hours after induction of ileus. The phases of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) were identified and motility index values were determined. During ileus, the MMC phase II duration was increased at the duodenum and phase III duration was decreased at the antrum, pylorus, duodenum, and proximal segment of the jejunum (p less than 0.05). Motility index values were decreased at the antrum and duodenum during ileus (p less than 0.05). Treatment with metoclopramide reversed the MMC phase III inhibition at the antrum and pylorus, and partially reversed the inhibition at the duodenum and jejunum (p less than 0.05). Motility index values were restored to preoperative baseline values with metoclopramide treatment (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)