奶牛子宫脱的整复与疗效观察

母牛的子宫脱是子宫部分或全部脱出于阴道或阴门之外,根据临床症状易于诊断,但整复和治疗比较困难.近几年,当地奶牛和黄牛养殖户增多,但饲养管理技术相对滞后,母牛产后发生子宫脱的病例明显增加.笔者对18例患畜进行了整复治疗,取得了较好效果.     

一例奶牛子宫脱的治疗

2009年01月10日,吉林市船营区果树场一奶牛饲养户报告有一头奶牛产后5d发生子宫脱出,经诊断为子宫完全脱出,整复并进行袋口状缝合固定,没有出现复发,奶牛于10d后痊愈。母牛的子宫脱是子宫的一部分或全部脱出于阴道或阴门之外的产后疾病,根据临床症状易于诊断,但整复和治愈比较困难。近几年,当地奶牛和黄牛养殖户增多,但饲养管理技术相对滞后,母牛产后发生子宫脱的病例明显增加,现将治疗方法和康复效果总结如下,供参考。     

中西医结合治疗牛子宫脱出

母牛子宫脱出是子宫全部翻出于阴门之外的产后疾病。临床上易于诊断，但整复和治愈比较困难。近几年来，我地水牛和黄牛养殖户增多，但由于饲养管理不当，母牛产后发生子宫脱出的病例明显增多。笔者对10例患牛进行了整复治疗，取得了较好的效果。现将治疗方法介绍如下。     

纱布缠裹加温水袋治牛子宫脱出

母牛产后子宫脱出是常见的疾病之一，多发生于产后数小时内。母牛子宫全脱出，常因强烈努责，徒手直接整复比较困难。本人采用利多卡因镇静，缓解努责；采用纱布缠裹法推送加温水袋，整复母牛子宫全脱一例获得成功。     

奶牛子宫脱的治疗

<正>母牛的子宫脱是指子宫的一部分或全部脱出于阴道或阴门之外的产后疾病。1治疗1.1整复1.1.1子宫半脱的整复采用快速还纳法,将病牛行前低后高站立保定,术者手戴长臂塑料手套,首先剥离胎衣,用消毒过的搪瓷盆托起脱     

中西医结合治疗母牛子宫脱出

母牛子宫脱出是常见的产道急性疾病,多发生于产后母牛.采用一般的手术整复,效果往往不佳,常发生反复脱出或感染,及至母子双亡.如用手术切除则得不偿失,且又不易掌握和操作.笔者自1996年以来,采用手术整复结合中医用药治疗子宫脱出12例,全部治愈,现总结如下.     

中西医结合治疗母牛子宫脱出

母牛子宫脱出是一种常见的产道急性疾病,多发生于产后母牛.采用一般的手术整复,效果往往不佳,常发生反复脱出或感染,乃至母子双亡.如用手术切除则得不偿失,且又不易掌握和操作.笔者自1979年以来,采用手术整复结合中西医用药治疗子宫脱出24例.全部治愈,现总结于后.     

母牛子宫脱的整复及体会

子宫脱是母牛产后常见病症，如果治疗不及时，极易造成牛只死亡。传统的治疗手段，一般采用尾椎硬膜外腔麻醉，人工方法送入整复，但往往由于患牛努责剧烈，腹压加大，造成手术时间长，手术难度大，送入困难，加剧了对子宫的损伤或造成子宫壁破裂，大出血而死亡，笔者根据多年的临床实践，在尾椎硬膜外腔麻醉的同时，对腰椎侧神经麻醉，以降低牛只的努责，收到了意想不到的效果。1 病例与临床诊断我中心西门塔尔母牛今年4月10日产犊时，发生难产，后经人工助产，顺利产下一头56千克重的公犊，但伴随犊牛产出母牛子宫脱出，呈直径40厘米球型…     

阴道侧壁臀肌固定手术治疗奶牛阴道脱

阴道脱是奶牛临床病中比较常见的一种产科病.多发生于妊娠末期、产后不久或体弱、老龄母牛,如不及时治疗还可引发流产、阴道黏膜损伤、子宫内膜炎甚至不孕等疾病.轻症可采用整复、阴门外伦贝特氏圆枕双间断内翻固定的治疗方法,但对严重的、顽固性阴道脱效果往往不佳,对此在临床治疗中采用整复、阴道侧壁臀肌固定手术,配合内服加减补中益气汤的治疗方法,取得了满意的治疗效果.     

母牛子宫脱出后继发直肠脱出的治疗报告

治疗牲畜子宫或直肠脱出的原则是:洗净子宫或直肠,还纳盆腔,然后采取外固定,抗菌消炎。外固定的方法很多,许多外固定法对单一的子宫脱或直肠脱都能收到显著效果。但对母牛子宫脱出后继发直肠脱出,一直没有一种比较满意的外固定方法。母牛子宫脱出后继发直肠脱出,多因子宫脱出后,经整复无效,母牛强烈努责,子宫反复脱     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …