广场绿地的植物配置

广场植物配置是广场绿化设计的重要环节。它包括两个方面：一是各种植物相互之间的配置，即根据植物的不同种类选择树丛的组合、平面和立面的构图：二是广场植物与广场其他要素如广场铺装、水景、道路等相互间的整体设计。     

城市绿化广场设计初探——以株洲董家塅高科园创业广场为例

以株洲董家塅高科园创业广场为例,从设计构思、景观设计及其植物配置3个方面对城市绿化广场的设计进行了探讨。     

西峡县人民广场规划设计

分析城市广场景观设计原则、立意构思、主要景区,简要阐述城市广场设计和植物配置的景观效果。     

浅谈火车站站前广场景观设计——以昆明站为例

指出了火车站站前广场在城市中扮演着重要的角色,以昆明市火车站站前广场为例,从总体布局、交通组织、植物配置、地面铺装、园林小品等5个方面进行了分析,提出了目前火车站站前广场设计中存在的一些问题,并提出了调整意见和未来展望。     

基于SBE法的景洪市棕榈植物景观配置评价

采用美景度评价法(SBE)对景洪市棕榈植物造景进行了与5种景观要素搭配类型(植物、建筑、景观小品、山水地形和道路广场)的景观美景度评价,对不同受测评价群体的风景审美特点进行相关性和差异性分析。结果表明,各类受测群体在景洪市棕榈植物景观审美方面存在普遍一致性。对植物种类丰富性、水平结构丰富性、垂直结构丰富性、色彩结构丰富性4个植物景观要素进行回归分析,得到棕榈植物与5种搭配类型的回归模型,以此探讨棕榈植物景观要素与搭配类型的相关性,总结出棕榈植物景观配置的最佳搭配方式。提出在未来植物景观配置中可适当多进行道路广场的棕榈植物景观营造。     

浅谈当前我国城市广场建设存在的问题

城市广场在改善城市环境方面发挥着重要的作用,但当前城市广场的建设存在着广场建设盲目求大、景观缺乏个性、植物配置不合理等问题,希望设计师和建设者引起重视,予以改进,促进城市广场建设的健康发展。     

浅谈大学校园绿地植物配置——以山西大学为例

阐述了山西大学的自然环境和历史背景,介绍了山西大学校园环境的总体布局和现有主要树种。在对山西大学校园景观绿化进行实地调研和分析的基础上,从校园道路绿化、初民广场绿化及渊智园和启智园绿化3个方面分析了校园内主要功能分区的植物配置。结合山西大学现有校园植物资源,对大学校园景观植物的配置和应用提出了加强养护管理、加大垂直绿化力度、构建校园生态植物群落等3点建议。     

察哈尔右翼中旗公园绿地植物多样性研究

通过对察右中旗各公园绿地植物组成和植物多样性进行调查,分析各公园乔木、灌木和草本植物的物种丰富度、树种配置复杂程度和个体分配均匀程度,并进行隶属函数综合评价,发现市民广场综合表现最优.     

校园绿地植物的选择与配置

通过武汉大学校园中心湖、珞珈广场、星湖、世纪广场绿地等4处植物群落调查,分别对这些植物健康状况、乔木胸径、灌木冠幅、群落结构进行了讨论。提出校园绿地在以2~3种乔木为基调树种,以乡土树种为主,注重珍稀濒危植物、奇花异木的引种栽培,提高植物种类的丰富度;植物配置在增加植物层次的同时,考虑校园绿地的使用功能以及植物的生态习性。     

居住小区植物配置方式对大气颗粒物浓度的影响

为了探讨有效调控颗粒物的居住小区植物配置方式,将居住区绿地按照位置和功能划分为小区入口绿地、道路绿地和广场绿地3种类型,针对每种类型的绿地探讨了不同植物配置方式对于大气颗粒物浓度的削减效应。结果显示:乔木数量较多且通风良好的小区绿地对居住区内颗粒物削减率较高;悬铃木(Platanus orientalis)搭配大叶黄杨(Euonymus japonicus)作为行道树对大气颗粒物的净化能力较强,对TSP、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的削减率分别达18.87%、6.40%和6.02%;与开放式广场绿地和中心绿地相比,合理配置的半封闭式广场绿地能够更加有效地改善活动空间的空气质量。     

福州市城市广场植物群落特征及多样性分析

本研究采用抽样法,分析福州市城市广场(包括文化广场、休闲广场、交通广场、商业广场、宗教广场)植物物种组成、数量特征、群落结构特点。比较各类城市广场植物多样性、群落相似性特征。结果显示,福州市城市广场植物共204种,隶属于79科165属,乡土树种与外来植物比例合理,常绿阔叶树种比例大,各层次中均有较明显的优势种。5类城市广场中,宗教广场的植物物种种数、Simpson指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H)、Pielou指数(J)均为最高。     

九江市城市广场绿化调查分析

以江西省九江市市区的市政广场、和中广场、九江学院文化广场、火车站站前广场、信华广场等为对象,从树种种类、乔灌草比例、常绿与落叶树种比例、优势树种与伴生树种比例等方面,调查研究了九江城市广场绿化状况,并针对存在的问题提出了广场绿化建议。     

Quantity of plant leaf area on three major public squares in Kunming City,China

Regressive formulae to calculate the quantity of plant leaf area for 13 species of ornamental plants were set up based on investigation data of 30 species on 3 major public squares (Dongfeng square, Shengli square and Guandu square) in Kunruing City, China, which were applied to calculate quantities of plant leaf area of these 13 species. The quantities of plant leaf area for the other 17 ornamental plant species on these squares were directly measured, and the total quantity of plant leaf area of each studied square was obtained individually. The results showed that the quantity of plant leaf area on Shengli square with ornamental plants structure composed of arbor tree species, shrub tree species and turf grass was highest among the three squares. It is believed that the design model of multi-storied vertical structure and proper tending of plant community could not only increase the quantity of plant leaf area, but also play an important role in generating ecological and landscaping benefits.Some corresponding suggestions were put forward on the basis of comprehensive analyses on the plant leaf area quantity of the three representative squares in Kunming urban area.     

湖北省高等院校干道绿化和广场绿化建设的探讨

科学进行干道和广场的绿化规划与树种选择 ,对全面提升校园景观质量具有重要的意义。结合当前湖北地区部分高校干道绿化和校园广场绿化建设中存在的一些问题 ,介绍了干道和广场的绿化规划和树种选择原则 ,并详细探讨了适合湖北地区高校种植的干道绿化树种和广场绿化植物。     

Diversity and composition of tropical secondary forests recovering from large-scale clearing: results from the 1990 inventory in Puerto Rico

The extensive recovery from agricultural clearing of Puerto Rican forests over the past half-century provides a good opportunity to study tropical forest recovery on a landscape scale. Using ordination and regression techniques, we analyzed forest inventory data from across Puerto Rico’s moist and wet secondary forests to evaluate their species composition and whether the landscape structure of older forest affected tree species composition of recovering forests at this scale. Our results support conclusions from studies conducted in Puerto Rico at smaller scales and temperate forests at larger scales that timing of abandonment and land use history are of overwhelming importance in determining the species composition of recovering forests. Forest recovery is recent enough in Puerto Rico that previous land use is clearly evident in current species composition, and creates new forest communities. As demonstrated in other work, physical factors such as elevation and substrate co-vary with land use history, so that the species composition of the forest landscape results from the interplay between biophysical and socioeconomic forces over time. Our results also indicate that increasing the distance to the largest forest patches occurring in the landscape 12 years previous had a small negative impact on species richness but not species diversity or community composition. We conclude that land use history has as much influence in species composition as biophysical variables and that, at the scale of this study, there is no large influence of forest landscape structure on species diversity or composition.     

Decreases by disturbance-dependent tree species in the eastern and central USA

Open pine and oak forest ecosystems and floodplain forests have declined because of fire and flooding suppression. I determined tree species that have contracted in area occupied (where area occupied was ≥0.5 % of total species composition) or decreased in percent composition (i.e., percentage of all stems) during recent surveys (2000–2013) to ≤85 % of area occupied or composition during older surveys (1968–1999). I then identified whether species were associated with frequent fire, flooding, wetlands, postfire conditions, or other disturbances. Of 35 species that decreased in area occupied or composition, 16 species were associated with fire or postfire disturbance and fire-dependent species decreased in composition from 20 to 14 % during tree surveys. Even though species of floodplain forests and wetlands comprise a small percent of overall tree composition, 12 decreasing species were associated with floodplain forests or wetlands. Fire maintains open oak and pine ecosystems and flooding maintains floodplain forests, generally suspending succession. Suppression of fire in upland forests and flooding in floodplain forests has allowed disturbance-sensitive species to remain established and advance successional forests throughout the USA.     

人工培植方竹技术总结

我国竹子资源丰富,品种繁多,有不少天然艺术竹的品种,如斑竹、紫竹、方竹、罗汉竹、龟甲竹等等。但因产量稀少,大部分竹种秆形瘦小,作为建筑装饰材料受到很大影响。针对上述问题,选用毛竹,进行人工造型、开发人造方竹。砍伐后再通过工艺加工成为现代室内建筑装修材料;也可培植于庭园成为艺术美化竹。     

大连市道路绿地的植物构成研究

为提高大连市道路绿地植物配置的科学性,在其市区不同等级的750条道路上设置了702个样地作调研,对其道路绿地的植物种类组成,植物多样性,乔木、灌木植物的构成特点,常绿、落叶树种构成特点,乡土植物与外来植物构成特点以及植物观赏性构成特点等进行了研究。结果表明:大连市道路绿地植物种类共计43科72属120种,其中木本植物105种,占总数的87.5%;乡土植物28种,占27%。乔木与灌木树种的比例约为1:0.67;常绿与落叶植物的物种比例为1?3.5。其不同等级道路绿地植物多样性物种丰富度排序为,主干路快速路次干路支路,Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数在不同等级道路的绿地植物多样性方面呈现出基本相同趋势,显示不同等级道路绿地植物构成存在差异。在植物观赏性构成上体现出多样化特征。     

Estimating Stand Tables from Aerial Attributes: a Comparison of Parametric Prediction and Most Similar Neighbour Methods

Parameter prediction and the most similar neighbour (MSN) approaches were compared to estimate stand tables from aerial information. The study was based on 50 stands in the south-eastern interior of British Columbia, Canada. In the parametric prediction approach, stand tables were estimated from aerial attributes and three percentile points (16.7, 63 and 97%) of the diameter distribution. In the MSN analysis, stand tables were estimated from the MSN stand that was selected using 13 ground and 22 aerial variables. The accuracy of these approaches was evaluated by comparing the observed and estimated species composition, stand tables and volume per hectare. While the parametric prediction approach is easier and flexible to apply, the MSN approach provided reasonable projections, lower bias and lower root mean square error.     

树种组成指数及其应用

树种组成式仅为一个文字表达式,不便于林分间进行树种多样性的定量分析与比较。本文引入Shannon物种多样性指数,提出树种组成指数的概念,用树种组成指数可以定量描述林分树种多样性。用树种组成指数表,可迅速查出树种组成指数,应用十分方便。