4个绵羊品种Leptin基因部分片段的SNPs分析

利用PCR-SSCP技术对萨福克、道塞特、特克塞尔及滩羊4个绵羊品种358个个体Leptin基因2、3外显子进行多态性分析,共检测到7个SNPs,其中新发现5个SNPs。测序结果表明,在外显子2上无突变。内含子2上存在99位碱基由A突变为G;115位碱基由G突变为A;150位碱基由C突变为T;171位碱基由C突变为T。外显子3上,存在271位碱基由G突变为A,使编码的Arg转变为Gln;316位碱基由C突变为A,使编码的Pro转变为Gln;387位碱基由G突变为T,使编码的Val转变为Leu。     

Term placenta shows methylation independent down regulation of Cyp19 gene in animals with retained fetal membranes

Retention of fetal membranes (RFM) is the major post-partum disorder in dairy cattle. Cyp19 gene encodes the aromatase enzyme responsible for catalyzing the rate limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis, an important hormone for placental maturation and expulsion. The present study was aimed for comparative analysis of Cyp19 gene expression and its epigenetic regulation in placental cotyledons of animals with and without RFM. Significantly lower expression of Cyp19 gene was found in placental samples of RFM affected animals in comparison to normal animals. Methylation analysis of 5 CpG dinucleotides of placenta specific Cyp19 gene promoter I.1 and proximal promoter, PII showed hypo-methylation of both PI.1 and PII in term placenta of normal and diseased animals. In conclusion, a mechanism other than promoter methylation is responsible for decreased aromatase expression in placental cotyledons of animals suffering from RFM.     

Detection of novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP21 gene and association analysis of two SNPs for CYP21 and ESR2 with litter size in a commercial sow population

Altogether 129 F₁ sows from a commercial sow farm with at least four litters were genotyped for the oestrogen receptor 2 gene (ESR2) and cytochrome P450 hydroxylase 21 gene (CYP21) and investigated for associations on the litter‐size parameters: total number born and number born alive. Five novel polymorphisms were found in the 3′‐untranslated region for the CYP21 gene. Genotype and allele frequencies for the CYP21 (position 3462G > A) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were 0.434 (GG), 0.504 (AG), 0.062 (AA) and 0.69 (G):0.31 (A), respectively. No association was found between this polymorphism and litter‐size parameters. For the ESR2 gene, the SNP in exon 5 associated with an amino acid substitution MET (allele A) > VAL (allele G) was investigated. Only two genotypes were found leading to allele frequencies of 0.34 (A):0.66 (G). Only number born alive piglets were significantly increased for the AG genotype (p = 0.034) with 11.64 piglets per sow and litter in comparison with the GG genotype, leading to only 10.96 piglets per sow and litter. From these data, it can be concluded that the investigated SNP of the ESR2 gene is associated with the number of liveborn piglets in the commercial population considered, and hence could be useful in selection for litter size. Therefore, this gene should be investigated in additional populations.     

Genetic polymorphism association analysis of SNPs on the species conservation genes of Tan sheep and Hu sheep

Tropical Animal Health and Production - For further understanding the genetic control mechanisms of growth and development in Tan sheep, and culturing good traits on meat performance, which is very...     

Effects of SNPs and alternative splicing within HGF gene on its expression patterns in Qinchuan cattle

Background: Identification of genetic variants, including SNPs(Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms), CNVs(Copy Number Variations) and alternative splicing, within functional genes has received increasing attention in animal science research. HGF(Hepatocyte Growth Factor) is a very important growth factor that works as a mitogen or a morphogen during tissue growth, development and regeneration. However, to date, the functions of genetic variants within the bovine HGF gene, particularly their effects on m RNA expression, have not been determined well.Results: The present study aimed to perform association analysis between genetic variants and m RNA expression for the bovine HGF gene in Qinchuan cattle using various strategies, including PCR-RFLP(Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), q PCR(Quantitative Real-time quantitative PCR), TA cloning, DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. A total of five SNPs were identified and only SV1 locus significantly affected HGF m RNA expression in fetal skeletal muscle(P 0.05). Heterozygous genotype individuals showed significantly higher HGF expression(P 0.05), which was significantly greater in the CTCCAGGGTT combined genotype than that in theCCCCGGGGTT combined genotype(P 0.05). In addition, two alternative splicing variations, HGF-W and HGF-M,were identified, which resulted from alternative 3′ splice sites of exon 5, and HGF-W showed higher m RNA levels than HGF-M in all tissues.Conclusion: In summary, genetic variations within the HGF gene affected m RNA expression. These findings provide new insight into the molecular characteristics and functions of bovine HGF.     

滩羊“两年三产”营养水平的研究

为了探究滩羊两年三产生产体系的最适营养需要,选择2~4岁断奶空怀滩羊母羊90只,根据不同生理阶段(0~90 d空怀期和妊娠前期,91~150 d妊娠后期和151~210 d泌乳期)随机分成3组,每组30只,每个生理阶段分别设计高、中、低3种营养水平日粮,测定滩母羊各繁殖阶段体重变化、妊娠率、繁殖率等相关指标。结果显示:高营养组90%完成两年三产,年繁殖率、妊娠期增重最高,羔羊初生重显著高于中营养组(P0.05)、极显著高于低营养组(P0.01),且饲养成本最低。结果表明:高营养组为滩羊两年三产生产体系的最适营养需要。     

4个绵羊品种Callipyge基因和Meg3.1、DLK1-INTR1.1位点的SNPs分析

对宁夏滩羊(TAN,n=87),特克塞尔(TX,n=73),萨福克(SF,n=70)和无角道塞特(PD,n=112)4个绵羊群体DLK1-GTL2印记化结构域的Callipyge、Meg3.1和DLK1-INTR1.1基因座位进行SNP检测,并对Callipyge基因进行PCR-RFLP分析。结果表明:Callipyge基因没有发现A→G的突变,但在该位点其上游35bp处检测到1个C→T的突变。在Meg3.1位点附近发现了2个呈紧密连锁的突变,在DLK1-INTR1.1座位附近发现了5个SNP位点。提示,上述绵羊群体在DLK1-GTL2印记化结构域表现丰富的SNP多态,基因及基因型频率群体间差异显著。     

The rate of spread of sheep scab within small groups of Merino and Dorper sheep

A single Merino sheep, artificially infested with the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis, and a similarly infested Dorper sheep were placed with 9 uninfested Merino or 9 uninfested Dorper sheep respectively during winter and the rate of spread of infestation on the uninfested sheep observed. The same procedure was repeated in summer. It took 14 and 8 weeks respectively in winter before all sheep in the 2 groups displayed lesions of sheep scab, whereas in summer it took 10 and 12 weeks before all sheep had lesions.     

Adrenalectomy of sheep: a novel technique

A rapid technique for adrenalectomy of sheep was developed. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in a single stage operation by inducing ischaemia with latex rings of the type used commonly for the castration of lambs and calves. The success of the technique was demonstrated by failure of exogenous ACTH to increase circulating cortisol concentrations. Adrenal steroid replacement was used to maintain the sheep during the post-operative period (cortisol 0.25 mg.kg^-1, deoxycorticosterone acetate 0.05 mg.kg^-1). Adrenalectomised sheep were maintained for up to 20 days without glucocorticoid, provided a lowered dose of mineralocorticoid was administered (0.04 mg.kg^-1***day^-1). Adrenalectomised sheep had significantly (P < 0.007) lower packed cell volume (23.75%) than normal sheep (31.24%), across a broad range of cortisol concentrations (0 to 734 ng/mL), indicating that plasma cortisol may not reflect true blood concentrations when drawing comparisons between adrenalectomised and normal sheep.     

绵羊FecB基因研究进展

Booroola merino羊的多胎性能开辟了影响动物繁殖性状主基因研究的新篇章,可为提高羊的繁殖性能从分子水平提供理论指导.作者综述了绵羊FecB基因的最新研究进展.     

水貂EGF基因SNPS与皮张长度的相关性试验

以水貂的表皮生长因子基因(EGF)作为候选基因,采用单链构象多态性和DNA测序的方法检测了EGF基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)。针对该群体的特点建立合适的统计分析模型,并进行了EGF基因多态性与皮长性状的关联分析。结果表明,EGF基因对水貂的皮张长度有一定影响。BB基因型个体与AA基因型个体之间有一定的差异(P<0.05)。CD基因型个体皮长平均要高于CC和DD基因型,且与CC型个体差异显著(P<0.05),与DD型差异不显著(P>0.05)。统计各基因型之间的组合给水貂皮长带来的影响时,发现多数组合基因型对所检测的水貂皮长有显著影响(P<0.05)。     

Association of SNPs in exon 2 of the MHC B-F gene with immune traits in two distinct chicken populations: Chinese Beijing-You and White Leghorn

Abstract

Antibody titers raised for vaccinations against avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) were higher in Chinese Beijing-You (BJY) than in White Leghorn (WL) (P<0.001), but there was no breed difference in titers for sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Genotyping by PCR-SSCP identified seven haplotypes in WL and 17 in BJY. After sequencing PCR products (35 and 85, respectively), 43 (WL) and 47 (BJY) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found in the 264 bp of exon 2. In WL chickens, significant associations were found with antibody responses to AI (two SNPs), ND (six SNPs), and SRBC (one SNP), while in BJY there was association with responses to ND (two SNPs) and SRBC (two SNPs), but none with AI. These results indicate that the genomic region bearing exon 2 of the major histocompatibility complex B-F gene has significant effects on antibody responses to SRBC and vaccination against AI and ND. Different SNPs affected antibody titers for each of the antigens and they differed between these very distinct breeds.     

Seven novel single nucleotide polymorphisms identified within river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) lactoferrin gene

The present study aimed at identifying single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) sites in different coding and non-coding regions of lactoferrin gene in Indian riverine buffaloes. A total of 102 animals from six different river buffalo breeds were screened at six bubaline lactoferrin gene loci. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis revealed monomorphic patterns at three loci LtfE2, LtfE11, and LtfE14 while a total of eight distinct patterns were observed in the other three loci viz. LtfE5, LtfE10, and LtfE16 which correspond to respective exons and their flanking regions. Sequence analysis of different SSCP variants revealed the presence of two SNP sites within the coding (exon 16) region and five SNP sites in flanking non-coding regions (intron 4 and intron 9). Both SNPs within exon 16 were found to be synonymous. The SNPs and haplotypes identified in the present study could serve as potential markers for association with susceptibility/resistance to mastitis in buffaloes.