饶平狮头鹅

狮头鹅的原产地是广东省潮州市饶平县。饶平狮头鹅从品种形成至养殖推广已经有470多年的历史。目前,人们对狮头鹅品种形成、外貌体型特征、原种与品系等问题已逐步模糊不清了。为了保护饶平狮头鹅品种资源,经笔者多年观察研究,对狮头鹅上述问题作比较清晰的论述。     

广东鹅品种资源保护及利用现状

一广东省鹅品种资源概况 1狮头鹅 主产区为汕头市澄海区，位于粤东汕头地区南部，全区地势平坦，三条韩江支流穿境流入南海，水源丰富，形成得天独厚的饲养水禽自然环境。狮头鹅原产地农民每年有集中拜神活动，且家家必须用鹅拜神，谁家的鹅体型越大越光宗耀祖，无形之中慢慢形成体型巨大的狮头鹅种。推算狮头鹅在当地饲养已有近三百年的历史。     

狮头鹅种鹅饲养管理精要(上)

狮头鹅是我国体型最大的鹅品种,也是我国著名的鹅品种资源,其中心产区位于广东省汕头市的澄海区、金平区以及潮洲市的饶平县、潮安县等,是当地农民增收致富的主要途径。本期我刊特邀承担着国家狮头鹅品种资源保种任务的汕头市白沙禽畜原种研究所的专家为读者介绍狮头鹅种鹅饲养管理精要,希望能给狮头鹅的养殖朋友们提供借鉴。     

狮头鹅品种资源保护与开发利用现状

狮头鹅一向以独特的外貌特征和体型巨大等优良种质特性闻名于世，我所近10年来在狮头鹅的保种和开发利用方面做了大量的研究工作，将现代保种、遗传育种理论付诸实践，对狮头鹅进行提纯复壮，巩固优异性状，防止品种退化、混杂和基因丢失，同时对该品种进行开发利用，作出了应有的贡献。     

狮头鹅品种资源开发利用技术

<正>狮头鹅因其体躯硕大,头深广,额和脸侧有较大的肉瘤,从头的正面观之如雄狮状,故称"狮头鹅",是我国唯一的大型鹅种,也是世界最大型鹅种之一,狮头鹅以体型大、生长速度快、耐粗饲、适应性好、抗逆性强而闻名。在狮头鹅品种资源开发利用方面,汕头市白沙禽畜所以"利用是对地方畜禽遗传资源的最好保护"为理念,坚持"保以致用,以用促保"的原则,始终把狮头鹅品种资源的保护与开发利用紧密结合起来,在开展品种资源保护的同时,积极开展狮头鹅     

狮头鹅常见病发病特点及防治措施

狮头鹅是目前我国民间培育出的体型最大优良鹅品种,也是世界上的大型鹅之一,因具有卓越的产肉性能而驰名中外。狮头鹅原产地广东潮汕地区,现广泛分布于北京、上海、黑龙江、广西等全国20多个省市区以及东南亚一带。本文根据养鹅业生产上的经验,总结了几种狮头鹅易发疾病的发病特点及防治措施,希望对狮头鹅疾病的防治起到一定的参考作用。     

狮头鹅种鹅饲养管理应注意的问题

狮头鹅是湖汕地区当家鹅种,也是我省优良地方鹅种,该品种具有体型大、生长速度快、适应性强、饲料报酬高等优点,因而一直受到各地饲养者的欢迎.然而,并非所有种鹅饲养户都能获得理想的饲养效果.笔者通过对部分饲养户的调查了解认为,农户要养好狮头鹅种鹅,在生产管理上必须注意以下几个问题.     

獅頭鵝

狮头鹅据说起源於粤东饒平县浮瀆乡(未併乡前为桥头乡)的溪楼村,饲养已有百余年,当地农民称本品种为本地种。此後,本品种逐渐传输至潮安县的菴乡,并转而输至澄安县的月浦等乡,为本地农民称作古菴种。又饒平县溪楼村农民多将雛鹅在附近的浮山墟出售,故又有浮山种之称。在最近的二、三十年来,鑒於狮头鹅体型大,食量多和比较不耐粗放以及在旧社会轻视劳动人民的辛勤成果下,雛鹅的价格獲不到保障,驱使当地农民将狮头鹅与小种鹅杂交,而致纯种狮头鹅日见稀少。目前潮、汕地区的狮头鹅的体型大不如前。纵然如此,狮头鹅迄今仍然保持着     

农村实用养鹅技术100问(十四)

67如何解决狮头鹅与黑龙江白鹅的经济杂交问题?狮头鹅原产于我国的广东省,具有体型大、生长快、产肉多、蛋重高、耐粗饲等优点,为世界著名的大型良种肉用鹅。黑龙江白鹅具有体型小,耐寒,耐粗饲,产蛋量高的优点,但与狮头鹅相比生长速度慢。通过人工授精技术,解决了狮头鹅与黑龙江白鹅间因体重差异悬殊而造成的交配困难,并获得了一大批杂交鹅群。在相同饲养条件下,杂种一代10周龄的体重可达4.0千克以上,而当地白鹅为2.8千克,杂交白鹅比当地白鹅体重提高43%,发挥了其杂交优势。68如何使狮头鹅和黑龙江白鹅繁殖期同步?狮头鹅和黑龙江白鹅这2个品…     

合浦鹅

<正> 一、品种形成合浦鹅原属当地土种鹅,中等体型,成年公鹅5.5—6公斤,母鹅4.5—5公斤。在1958年间,该县引入数批狮头鹅和本地鹅杂交。由于杂交后体型较大,又适合当地自然条件和粗放饲养管理条件,故深受农民喜爱。经过长时期选育而形成了现今的合浦鹅。除体型较原品种大外,尚保留本地鹅的     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …