N-乙酰半胱氨酸对绵羊精液低温保存效果的影响

为研究精液稀释液中不同浓度N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)对绵羊精液低温保存效果的影响,试验用含有不同浓度(0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 mmol/L)NAC的绵羊精液稀释液在4℃条件下保存绵羊精液,并对精子活率、有效存活时间以及48小时的精子畸形率和顶体完整率进行了检测。结果表明:在稀释液中添加1.0 mmol/L的NAC能显著提高精子有效存活时间、总存活时间和48小时精子的顶体完整率(P0.05)。说明添加1.0 mmol/L NAC的精液稀释液能显著改善绵羊精液的低温保存效果。     

稀释液中添加N-乙酰半胱氨酸对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响

本文以手握法采集的猪精液为试验材料,以解冻后精子的活率、顶体完整率、低渗膨胀率、运动学参数(VAP、LIN、ALH、BCF)和膜脂质过氧化反应为评定标准,旨在探讨N-乙酰半胱氨酸对猪精液冷冻保存效果的影响。结果表明,在冷冻稀释液中添加1mmol/L的N-乙酰半胱氨酸可以显著地提高解冻后精子的活率和顶体完整率,降低精子的低渗膨胀百分率。在运动学参数方面,只有VAP显著升高,而对其它运动学参数没有影响。在冷冻稀释液中添加N-乙酰半胱氨酸对膜脂质过氧化反应没有影响。     

稀释液溶质和渗透压对鸡精液低温保存效果的影响

观察15种物质不同渗透压（300mOsm、400mOsm、500mOsm）对鸡精子低温保存的精子活力、生存指数、存活时间和30h精子畸形率的影响。结果表明,对鸡精子低温保存生存指数大于50的物质由高到低依次为果糖、甘露醇、谷氨酸钠、山梨醇和氯化钾;精子总存活时间大于120h的物质由高到低依次是果糖、甘露醇、谷氨酸钠、山梨醇、氯化钾、磷檬酸钠和乙酸钾;30h精子畸形率小于0．2的物质由低到高依次为L-谷氨酸钠、甘露醇、蔗糖、乳糖。渗透压分析结果表明,各指标均随渗透压升高而降低。在300mOsm时,30h精子畸形率、精子生存指数和存活时间均极显著高。     

稀释液溶质及渗透压对鸡精液低温保存效果的影响

将葡萄糖、蔗糖、柠檬酸钠和氯化钠四种物质分别配制成三个渗透压水平共计十六种精液稀释液,在4℃环境下进行鸡精液保存试验,研究不同稀释液溶质、渗透压对鸡精液低温保存细胞膜完整性的影响.结果表明,在渗透压相同的条件,柠檬酸钠稀释液中的精子活力和生存指数极显著高于其他3组(P＜0.01),其畸形率和精清中酶活性显著低于其它3组(P＜0.05);在稀释液溶质相同的条件下,较低渗透压的精子活力和生存指数极显著高于较高渗透压(P＜0.01),其畸形率显著低于较高渗透压(P＞0.05).     

不同稀释液对鸡精液低温保存影响的研究

本试验旨在研究不同稀释液对鸡精子活率的影响,试验配制了四种p H值接近的鸡精液稀释液,在37℃下每隔12 h测定一次精子活率,直到精子全部死亡,计算精子存活的时间以及生存指数。结果表明:从存活时间、有效存活时间、存活指数来看,保存效果较好的是C、D组,两组之间的差异均不显著(P0.05)。在C组和D组中,D组比C组的三个测定指标均高,所以D组保存效果比C组好,所以在0~4℃下,保存效果最好的为D组。     

鸡精液低温保存稀释液筛选研究

目前,在生产上常用的鸡精液稀释液有1%NaCl溶液,5%～7%葡萄糖溶液,葡萄糖卵黄溶液(100mL纯化水加葡萄糖4．25g、新鲜卵黄1．5mL)等,在生产中应用效果不尽理想。本试验的目的是将稀释后鸡精液保存在一定温度下,给精子提供一个适宜的生存环境,补充其能量,降低其新陈代谢的速度,保证精液正常的渗透压、离子浓度和pH值等,从而延长精子的存活时间,保证精子的受精能力,为种公鸡精液稀释液商品化生产提供科学依据。     

稀释液中糖类与钾离子对鸡精液低温保存效果的影响

为在理想渗透压(360 m Osm/L左右,接近等渗)和酸碱度(p H 6.9左右,接近中性)条件下筛选出鸡精液稀释液较好的物质组成和相互配比,试验将三种糖(蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖)、两种磷酸盐(磷酸二氢钾、磷酸氢二钠)、三种有机盐(柠檬酸钠、谷氨酸钠、柠檬酸钾)及EDTA共9种物质配成A、B两组共六种鸡精液稀释液,稀释精液(1∶4,v/v)低温(0~5℃)保存,观察糖类和钾离子对鸡精液有效存活时间和有效生存指数的影响。结果表明:1A组中A3的保存效果最好(P0.01),A2居中,A1最差(P0.01)。B组中B3保存效果最好(P0.01),B2居中,B1最差(P0.01)。就3种糖而言低温保存效果依次为葡萄糖果糖蔗糖;2A组稀释液低温保存效果总体优于B组,稀释液中含有过多的钾离子就会降低鸡精液的低温保存效果。     

磁场和三种稀释液对鸡精液低温保存的影响

本试验采集了45只42周龄体质健康的性成熟海兰褐种公鸡精液,研究了磁化和未磁化两种条件下三种不同配方稀释液对种公鸡精液低温(1～5℃)保存效果的影响。结果表明:未磁化组和磁化组有效存活时间、生存指数、有效生存指数三个指标分别为32.3±5.41、38.7±8.55,28.9±6.42、32.3±8.19,18.6±2.23、23.6±9.76,差异显著(P0.05)。未磁化组中,C组稀释液的总存活时间、总生存指数均高于A稀释液和B稀释液,差异显著(P0.05);A稀释液和B稀释液对精液低温保存效果的差异不显著(P0.05)。在磁化组中,C组稀释液稀释的精液磁化效果最优,总存活时间、有效存活时间、总生存指数、有效生存指数中均高于A组稀释液和B组稀释液,且差异显著(P0.05)。     

稀释液中添加维生素C对湖羊精液低温保存效果的影响

试验旨在探讨添加不同浓度维生素C的精液稀释液,对湖羊精液液态保存效果的影响.用假阴道法采集湖羊种公羊精液,并用添加不同浓度(0、1、3 mg/mL)维生素C的稀释液进行稀释,于4℃条件下冷藏,在0、24、48、72、96 h后对精子活力、精液的精浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力、总抗...     

几种稀释液低温保存精液效果观察分析

<正> 用四种稀释液进行猪精液低温保存试验。每隔一定时间用十级评分法,进行一次精子活力检查。并计算其存活时间与生存指数。四种稀释液为: ①牛奶稀释液。取新鲜牛奶100毫升,用3～5层棉花纱布过滤,然后放入水浴锅加热煮沸10分钟,除去奶皮,冷却后加入10万单位青霉素。②葡萄糖、柠檬酸钠,卵黄稀释液。称取0.5克柠檬酸钠、5克葡萄糖加入100毫升蒸馏水,过滤煮沸冷却后,加入30毫升     

Addition of Glutathione to an Extender for Frozen Equine Semen

The manipulation of equine semen during cryopreservation reduces sperm viability and fertility because of, among other factors, membrane lipid peroxidation that makes cells highly susceptible to free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidative effect caused by the generation of ROS can be reduced by the addition of antioxidants to the seminal plasma or to the extenders used for freezing. The current study was performed to test the in vitro effect of exogenous glutathione added in five different concentrations (control, 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM, 7.5 mM, and 10 mM [treatments 1-5, respectively]) to the extender for 12 stallions. Analyzed parameters were sperm motility, viability, and acrosome and plasmatic membrane integrity. Total motility was higher in treatments 1 and 2 (P < .05); viability, progressive motility, and plasmatic membrane integrity were higher in treatment 2 (P < .001). As for acrosome membrane integrity, treatment 3 showed the best results (P < .05). The addition of 2.5 mM glutathione to the freezing extender preserves total motility and increases sperm viability, progressive motility, and plasmatic membrane integrity. Concentrations above 2.5 mM were deleterious to spermatozoa.     

稀释液中添加PCS对冷冻保存过程中山羊精子质量的影响

笔者以绒山羊为试验动物,在卵黄稀释液中添加胆固醇硫酸脂(PCS),研究了在冷冻过程中PCS对精子质量的影响.添加PCS共设计了0.15,0.10,0.50 g/100 mL的添加量,总体分析以0.10 g/100 mL添加量为最佳,EY试验组显著好于EY对照组.其中,EY组解冻后精子活率、膜完整率、顶体完整率分别是34.94%、39.17%、75.24%;EY对照组分别是28.74%、30.70%、64.70%.     

Bovine Insemination Results after the Addition of two Combinations of Antibiotics to the Semen Extender

The addition of the antibiotic combinations penicillin and streptomycin on the one hand, and gentamicin, tylosin, lincomycin, and spectinomycin on the other hand, to a Tris egg-yolk extender for bovine semen was investigated on the basis of insemination results. The nonreturn rates, calculated separately for heifers (n = 2108) and cows (n = 8930), showed no significant differences between the two combinations of antibiotics .     

Effect of Antibiotics in Extender on Bacterial and Spermatozoal Quality of Cooled Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bull Semen

The present study was designed to study the effect of traditional antibiotic combination (streptomycin and penicillin; SP) and relatively modern combination of antibiotics (gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin and spectinomycin; GTLS) in extender on bacterial control and spermatozoal quality of liquid buffalo bull semen stored at 5°C. Semen collected from Nili‐Ravi buffalo bulls (n = 10) was diluted with skim milk extender containing either SP (streptomycin 1000 μg/ml and penicillin 1000 IU/ml), GTLS (gentamycin 500 μg/ml, tylosin 100 μg/ml, lincomycin 300 μg/ml and spectinomycin 600 μg/ml) or negative control with no antibiotics (NA). Liquid semen was stored at 5°C for 5 days. Aerobic bacteria isolated from buffalo semen were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The only facultative anaerobic bacterium isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that Ps. aeruginosa and Staph. aureus were susceptible to gentamycin. Staphylococcus aureus and K. pneumoniae were susceptible to tylosin and linco‐spectinomycin. Total aerobic bacterial count was significantly lower in semen samples treated with GTLS than those of SP on third and fifth day of storage at 5°C. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in sperm motility, longevity and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) in extender containing SP or GTLS combination until the third day of storage at 5°C. On fifth day of storage sperm motility, longevity and PMI was significantly better in extender containing SP compared with GTLS and NA. Intact acrosomes, and sperm head, mid piece and tail abnormalities remained similar (p > 0.05) because of antibiotics up to 5 days of storage. In conclusion, GTLS is more capable than SP for bacterial control of buffalo bull semen. Moreover, GTLS and SP are equally efficient in preserving spermatozoal quality of extended buffalo bull semen for 3 days at 5°C.     

藏獒精液冷冻过程中pH值及甘油对其活力的影响

为探讨pH值和甘油对藏獒精液冷冻保存前后精子活力的影响,筛选6条种公藏獒在其繁殖季节(9~12月份)以不同pH值梯度(5.5,6.0,6.5,7.0,7.5)稀释液和不同甘油平衡时间(10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90 min)对藏獒精液进行冷冻,检查精子活力变化。结果表明,在藏獒精液冷冻过程中,pH值为6.5的稀释液中精子在冷冻前后有较高的活力;甘油平衡时间对藏獒精液活力有较大影响,冻前精子活力随甘油作用时间而下降,在甘油平衡时间为20 min所得藏獒冻后精子活力效果较好。     

The Use of Cefquinome in Equine Semen Extender

Antibiotics are commonly used in equine semen extender for conservation, if semen has to be stored cooled for a maximum of 48 hours or frozen, to eliminate pathogenic or potentially pathogenic bacteria from semen and reduce the risk of postmating endometritis. Little is known about the effect of antibiotics on spermatozoa when semen is stored over a longer period. Cefquinome, a broad spectrum antibiotic and fourth-generation cephalosporin, has been proven to be a powerful drug for the treatment of endometritis and mastitis in different species. Recently in equine studies, it was found to localize in high concentrations in the endometrium. Therefore, cefquinome was used as the antibiotic in semen extender and compared with a commercial semen extender containing gentamicin for effects on motility and membrane integrity of spermatozoa. During the breeding season, ejaculates from nine light horse stallions were collected and half of each ejaculate was stored for 48 hours in modified Kenney type semen extender containing either cefquinome or gentamicin. At 0, 24, and 48 hours, aliquots (20 μL) of the stored semen were evaluated for (progressive) motility and membrane integrity, as well as for various motility parameters by computer assisted sperm analysis. No differences (P > .05) were found in total motility or progressive motility between extenders at any time point. However, there were differences (P < .05) in velocity parameters, although the effect of velocity parameters on fertility is not clear. In general, semen parameters after storage in non-fat dried skim milk semen extender containing cefquinome are comparable with those after storage in semen extender containing gentamicin. The wider spectrum of bactericidal activity possessed by cefquinome may prove to be beneficial in some cases.     

稀释液中添加半胱氨酸对绵羊冷冻精液品质的影响

在绵羊冷冻精液稀释液中添加0mmol／L、2．5mmol／L、5．0mmol／L、7．5mmol／L4个不同梯度的半胱氨酸,通过测定解冻后的精子活率、畸形率、顶体完整率、质膜完整率以及各项酶（SOD、GSH、GSH-PX、CAT和MDA）的活性来确定最适添加量。结果表明,添加5．0mmol／L的半胱氨酸组的精子活率和顶体完整率均极显著高于对照组和其他组（尸〈0．01）,而畸形率显著低于对照组和其他试验组（P〈0．05）;各项酶指标中,5．0mmol／L半胱氨酸组SOD和GSH浓度与其余各组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）,MDA浓度极显著低于对照组和7．5mmol／L试验组（P〈0．01）,CAT和GSH-PX活性极显著或显著高于对照组和其他试验组（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。说明冷冻稀释液中添加5．0mmol／L的半胱氨酸可有效保护精子免受过氧化物的损害。     

稀释液溶质、渗透压、pH值和缓冲指数与低温保存鸡精液效果的关系

将葡萄糖、氯化钠、氯化钾、柠檬酸钠四种物质分别配制成三个渗透压水平(278mOsm、328mOsm、378mOsm)的12种单方精液稀释液，在低温(1～4℃)下进行鸡精液稀释保存试验，在四种物质中各选出一种好的稀释液，再将所选四种单方稀释液按不同比例制成复方精液稀释液，再次进行保存试验。所有稀释液均测定渗透压、pH值、缓冲指数、精子存活时间、精子生存指数等指标。结果表明：①柠檬酸钠、葡萄糖对鸡精液的保存具有重要作用，而氯化钾在鸡精液稀释液中并不是必需的。②复方稀释液保存效果普遍优于单方稀释液。③低温下鸡精液稀释液渗透压应为等渗或接近等渗，且最适渗透压还与构成稀释液的物质种类和相互配比有关系。④稀释液pH值应接近中性，最好与精液pH值保持一致。⑤在缓冲指数为3．894—7．257的范围内，缓冲指数与精子存活时间和生存指数呈现显著的负相关。