晋单56号玉米新品种选育技术报告

晋单56号是山西省农业科学院棉花研究所以自育系运系98-55为母本,自育系运系98-2为父本杂交选育而成的玉米单交种.各级试验示范结果表明:晋单56号玉米品种比现在推广应用品种增产5%以上,具有高产稳产、抗病、耐旱耐热、生育期适中等特点,是适宜在夏播玉米区推广种植的玉米品种.     

黄土高原玉米株型生态适应性研究

1996～1997年度在黄土高原沟谷地和旱垣地进行了玉米株型生态适应性研究,结果表明：垣地种植紧凑型、半紧凑型、平展型玉米品种,沟谷地种植紧凑型玉米品种,都可获得高产。玉米拔节到吐丝阶段历时较长,一般都在40d左右,有利于小花分化,奠定了选用大穗型品种的基础。综合评价供试品种的丰产性和抗旱、抗病性,生产上应选用大穗型品种晋单35、晋单37、农大3138、中育7号。     

运高油1号玉米新品种选育技术与栽培措施

1997年山西省农业科学院棉花研究所组配出运系98-39xGY237高油玉米杂交种,即运高油1号.该品种春播生育期为125 d,夏播生育期90 d.植株清秀,长势健壮,高抗矮花叶病、粗缩病和青枯病,抗穗腐病,抗倒伏.一般单产7 500kg/hm²左右,比晋单34增产10.2%.子粒红色,商品性好,脂肪含量高。     

晋单46在山西南部地区的表现

运单 15是山西省农科院棉花研究所玉米课题组新育成的一个高产、早熟、优质、抗病的玉米新品种。2 0 0 2年经山西省品种审定委员会审定通过 ,命名为晋单 4 6。1　主要表现(1)高产稳产。小区品比试验 ,1997年和 1998年单产分别为 6 480kg/hm2 和 885 4.5kg/hm2 ,比对照晋单 34增产 18.6 %和 2 1.6 %。两年平均单产 76 6 8kg/hm2 ,比对照增产 2 0 .1% ,经方差分析增产达极显著水平。1999～ 2 0 0 0年参加山西省南部复播区区试 ,对照为晋单 34,1999年 8点平均单产 7987.5kg/hm2 ,比对照增产 16 .8%。 2 0 0 0年 8点平均单产 75 30kg/hm2 ,比对…     

高产抗病玉米杂交种秦单6号的选育研究

秦单6号是陕西杨凌秦丰农业科技股份有限公司以自育自交系作为亲本,于1999年组配成的玉米单交种。在陕西省两年春玉米区域试验中平均比农大108增产7.5%,位于供试品种第1位。在生产试验中比对照品种农大108增产9.9%。该品种抗黑穗病,高抗茎腐病、穗粒腐病、大斑病、小斑病、黑粉病、粗缩病和花叶病毒病。     

晋单(糯)41玉米新品种的选育与推广

晋单(糯)41玉米是山西省农业科学院玉米研究所1996年以自选系N9603作母本,自选系N9605作父本杂交育成的早熟黄糯玉米杂交种,经1997～2000年的品比、生产试验、专家田间鉴定、抗病鉴定、品质分析,该品种生育期较短、抗逆性好、品质优良、高产稳产,适宜在我国玉米种植区种植,且可以单种,复(套)种,春、夏、冬播种,该品种是目前鲜食玉米青穗直接出售或速冻、真空包装保鲜加工以及糯玉米糁、糯玉米面、糯淀粉等深加工的理想品种,种植密度为每公顷45 000～52 500株^[1]。     

运单系列玉米品种的生理特性及栽培措施研究

运单系列玉米品种是指由山西省农业科学院棉花研究所以运城为选育基地育成的晋单39、晋单46、运单19和运高油1号等玉米单交种.这些品种与其它品种比较具有耐寒性差、耐高温性好、生长速度快、叶片光合效能强和产量突出等生理特性.在栽培管理上要求推迟播种时间(早春),适当增加种植密度,提早施肥,一促到底,补施灌浆肥.提倡在易发生持续高温天气的地区种植运单系列玉米品种。     

晋单33玉米杂交种选育报告

晋单33玉米杂交种是山西省农科院玉米研究所于1992年以自选系VG187-4为母本,旱21-1为父本杂交选育而成.该品种属坚秆大穗杂交种,全生育期需≥10℃积温3 100℃·d左右.1993～1996年在各级产量试验示范中均表现高产、稳产适应性广,抗病性强、居参试品种第一位。     

晋单30玉米杂交种丰产性、稳产性及适应性分析

本文根据1991～1993年山西省中晚熟组（A）玉米联合区域试验汇总资料，采用主效应值、变异系数、标准差比数、回归系数及高稳系数等多种方法对晋单30玉米单交种进行了分析，结果表明：该品种是一个产量潜力大，丰产性好，稳定性强，适合在我省春播中晚熟区大面积种植的优良玉米杂交种。     

晋单42玉米杂交种的选育报告

晋单42玉米杂交种是由山西省农科院食用菌研究所于1996年以自选系种苗928为母本,种苗929为父本杂交选育而成.该品种属稀植大穗品种,在华北春播全生育期125 d.1996～2002年不同产量试验中表现抗旱、抗病、抗倒伏、商品性极佳,每公顷保苗42000株,平均公顷产量7 705.5 kg。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.