Tomato leafminer – Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera,Gelechiidae) – current status in Montenegro

Tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta was detected for the first time in Montenegro using pheromone traps in the middle of July 2010, in greenhouses in one location at the Montenegrin sea coast. In the period from the end of July to the first week of August, moths were captured in pheromone traps from other locations along the sea coast and surroundings of the city of Podgorica. According to the survey carried out by the authors from July to September 2010, T. absoluta was present in greenhouses in all tomato‐producing areas, while outdoors it was found only in the coastal area. Monitoring of T. absoluta continued in 2011. Pheromone traps were set up in five locations in the main tomato‐producing areas, both in greenhouses and outdoors, between 4 and 15 May. The first captured moths were detected after 7–15 days in all inspected locations, and captures continued until the end of September. According to the number of captured moths and the damage observed, it can be concluded that the population level in 2011 was lower in comparison with 2010, when up to 100% losses were detected in tomato crops in several locations. In 2011, tomato producers were already being informed about the pest and means of control, so most of them applied cultural and chemical control measures.     

PM 9/9(1): Heracleum mantegazzianum,H. sosnowskyi and H. persicum

Specific scope

This standard describes national regulatory control systems for Heracleum mantegazzianum, Heracleum sosnowskyi and Heracleum persicum. In the text the three species are referred to as Heracleum spp. in order to reduce repetitions.

Specific approval and amendment

First approved in 2009–09.

     

Electrophysiological and behavioural responses of Pityophthorus pubescens (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) to (E,E)‐α‐farnesene, (R)‐(+)‐limonene and (S)‐(−)‐verbenone in Pinus radiata (Pinaceae) stands in northern Spain

BACKGROUND: Some twig beetles in the genus Pityophthorus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) may vector pitch canker disease Fusarium circinatum (Niremberg & O'Donnell) of Pinus spp. (Pinaceae). Because Pityophthorus pubescens (Marsh.) has been found to be associated with F. circinatum in the Basque Country (northern Spain), various experiments were conducted to assess the beetle's behavioural responses to (E, E)‐α‐farnesene, (R)‐(+)‐limonene and (S)‐(?)‐verbenone to develop a potential inhibitor to host attraction. These experiments comprise electroantennographic and double‐choice olfactometer tests, as well as field assays in Pinus radiata D. Don stands. RESULTS: Both sexes of P. pubescens showed similar electroantennographic responses to different doses (from 1 ng to 1 µg in decadic steps) of each individual compound, with depolarisations to (S)‐(‐)‐verbenone (100 ng) being similar to those of the aggregation pheromone (+)‐trans‐pityol. In olfactometer assays, both sexes were significantly attracted to (+)‐trans‐pityol, but the attraction was reduced when increasing amounts of the chemicals were added to the pheromone. Particularly relevant was the repellent effect induced by (S)‐(?)‐verbenone at 1 ng dose and higher. In the field, (E, E)‐α‐farnesene, (R)‐(+)‐limonene and (S)‐(?)‐verbenone reduced significantly the number of beetles attracted to (+)‐trans‐pityol and racemic trans‐pityol, with (S)‐(?)‐verbenone being the most effective. CONCLUSIONS: (S)‐(?)‐Verbenone showed an interesting potential for use in the protection of P. radiata stands. A potentially effective strategy, which could be implemented in further, more in‐depth studies, could involve the use of this semiochemical as repellent and (+)‐trans‐pityol‐baited traps as attractant in a ‘push‐pull’ strategy. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

PP 1/301 (1) Ceratitis capitata – bait application

Specific scope

This Standard describes the conduct of trials for the efficacy evaluation of bait insecticides against Ceratitis capitata on citrus and top fruits. For foliar spray application see EPPO Standard PP 1/302. Together they replace EPPO Standard PP 1/106 Ceratitis capitata.

Specific approval and amendment

First approved in 2017–09.

Special remarks

This Standard should be used for the evaluation of insecticides applied with baits to citrus or other fruit crops, usually covering a small part of the foliage. Trials can only be carried out under natural infestations on large surface field plots.     

PP 1/302 (1) Ceratitis capitata – foliar application

Specific scope

This Standard describes the conduct of trials for the efficacy evaluation of foliar insecticides against Ceratitis capitata on citrus and top fruits. For bait spray application see EPPO Standard PP 1/301. Together they replace EPPO Standard PP 1/106 Ceratitis capitata.

Specific approval and amendment

First approved in 2017‐09.     

Bis-pyrimidylpyrazolinones – a new class of acetohydroxy-acid synthase (AHAS) inhibitor

Hydroxypyrazolinones which bear two pyrimidine rings (on N-1 and C-4) were found to be potent inhibitors of acetohydroxy-acid synthase which displayed good herbicidal activity in vivo. Structure–activity relationship studies suggested the presence of a second binding niche on the enzyme for a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine ring.     

L‐P Molleyres,A Rindlisbacher,T Winkler and V Kumar,Insecticidal natural products: new rocglamide derivatives from Aglaia roxburghiana. Pesticide Science 55(4) 494–497 (1999)

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Pesticide Science 55 (4) 494–497 (1999)