Surgery of the penis and prepuce

Treatments of penile and preputial injuries, anomalies, tumors, "summer sores," paraphimosis, phimosis, and priapism are presented. Surgical procedures described include preputiotomy, reefing, penile retraction, amputation, and relocation. Treatment of hemospermia by means of urethrotomy is discussed.     

Surgical treatment of 45 horses affected by squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and prepuce

The medical records of 45 horses treated for suspected squamous cell carcinoma of the penis and/or prepuce were reviewed. The age of 40 horses was known, and these had a mean age of 17.4 years. The duration of neoplasia was known for only 3 of the 45 horses. The results of histological evaluation of lesions, available for 35 horses, confirmed that the diseased tissue was squamous cell carcinoma. The location of gross neoplastic lesions was recorded for 43 horses; the glans penis was involved in 24 horses, the body of the penis or the inner lamina of the preputial fold in 27 horses, and the external fold of the prepuce in 10 horses. Surgical treatments of these horses included phallectomy (penile amputation) in 35 horses, segmental posthectomy in 4 horses, phallectomy plus segmental posthectomy in 2 horses, and en bloc resection of the penis, prepuce and superficial inguinal lymph nodes with penile retroversion in 4 cases. Short-term complications in the immediate postoperative period included preputial oedema and haemorrhage at the end of urination. One horse developed acute urinary retention because of severe urethral oedema. Long-term (>1 year) follow-up information was obtained for 31 horses. Neoplasia of the penis and/or prepuce recurred in 6 of these 31 horses (19%), and in 5 of these the recurrence necessitated euthanasia of the horse.     

Disorders of the canine penis.

Function and anatomy of the canine penis are reviewed. Functional abnormalities of the penis described include lack of erection and lack of ejaculation. Physical abnormalities of the penis also are described, including paraphimosis. Diagnosis and treatment options are described.     

Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from the prepuce of a herd bull.

A tuberculous lesion was found in the prepuce of a 5-year-old tuberculin-positive herd bull at necropsy. Microscopic examination revealed granulomas with Langhans'-type giant cells; Mycobacterium bovis was isolated. The bull had been used in artificial insemination procedures and for natural breeding.     

Arteriovenous fistula involving the prepuce of a dog

A nine-year-old male lbizan hound had a network of large tortuous pulsating blood vessels on the prepuce that enlarged gradually over a five month period. A diagnosis of arteriovenous fistula was based on clinical signs, angiography and Doppler ultrasonography. Ligation of the major vascular supply to the fistula resulted in only temporary improvement. Definitive treatment was by wide excision, with penile amputation and scrota1 urethrostomy.     

The recovery of ureaplasmas from the semen and prepuce of bulls

One hundred clinically healthy bulls were examined for urea-plasmas. The animals were divided into three groups; from the firstgroup, ureaplasmas were isolated from semen of 24/50 animals; from the second, they were recovered from preputial scrapings of 19/25 animals and, from the third, from preputial washings of 10/25 animals.     

Isolation of Corynebacterium suis from the prepuce of boars

A survey for prevalence of Corynebacterium suis infection in boars was conducted on a Minnesota farm and at a slaughter plant. Preputial swab specimens were streaked onto Columbia colistin-nalidixic blood agar to which metronidazole (50 mg/L) had been added. Of 97 boars surveyed at a slaughterhouse, 32 (32.9%) were culture-positive, whereas 23 of 38 (60.5%) boars from 1 farm were culture-positive. The lower isolation rate at a slaughterhouse was attributed to the fact that these boars ejaculated before sampling.     

Surgery of the ear and pinna.

There are several disease processes of the ear and pinna that warrant surgical intervention. This article reviews surgical anatomy and common surgical procedures of the ear and pinna, including aural hematomas, lateral wall resection, vertical ear canal resection, total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy, partial pinna resection, and feline inflammatory polyps. The clinical signs, diagnosis, and surgical treatment along with potential complications for each disease process are discussed.     

Surgery of the scrotum.

Scrotal surgery is common in routine veterinary practice. Many techniques are available for commonly performed surgeries, and most can be accomplished easily in private practice and in the field. Procedures are described for surgical and nonsurgical castration, unilateral castration, inguinal herniorrhaphy, cryptorchidectomy, caudal epididymectomy, and vasectomy. Changes in current thinking about the timing of castration and about pain control in cattle surgery likely will alter the way veterinarians perform scrotal surgery in the years to come.     

Surgery of the abomasum.

Abomasal diseases are common in cattle. Many of these diseases can be managed surgically. This article briefly discusses the various classifications of abomasal diseases. It focuses on the surgical treatment of these diseases. Surgical principles of conventional surgery and minimally invasive techniques are discussed.