共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 139 毫秒
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番茄青枯病的防治研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
番茄青枯病的防治是学术界所面临的一大难题,该病对番茄造成了很大的经济损失。文章介绍了近年来在番茄青枯病防治研究方面所取得的进展,就番茄青枯病的抗病育种、生物防治、药剂防治及嫁接等几个主要防治方法进行了阐述。 相似文献
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烟草青枯病防治研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
烟草青枯病防治一直是生产上一大难题。本文综述了烟草青枯病防治研究,着重介绍了抗病育种,生物防治和土壤添加剂防治烟草青枯病的研究进展。最后讨论了烟草青枯病防治中存在问题及发展方向。 相似文献
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番茄青枯病生物防治研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文概述了国内外应用无致病力青枯菌菌株、拮抗细菌和生物技术等方法对番茄青枯病进行生物防治的研究进展,并对生物防治存在的相关问题及应用前景进了讨论。 相似文献
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植物医学的新概念——生物屏障 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《植物医生》2019,(1)
植物抗御环境胁迫的屏障有物理屏障、化学屏障和生物屏障等.长期以来,研究植物抗性机制、挖掘利用植物自身的抗性潜力、保障植物健康的途径主要偏重于物理屏障和化学屏障.本文提出了生物屏障这一植物医学的新概念,系统介绍了生物屏障的作用,分析了影响生物屏障发挥作用的关键因素,展示了利用生物屏障控制植物病害的关键技术和成效,为植物健康维护和植物病害的生物防治提供了新的途径. 相似文献
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《植物医生》2019,(5)
烟草青枯病是由茄科雷尔氏菌引起的细菌性土传病害,自首次在我国报道以来,其发生范围和为害程度就在不断蔓延和加重,每年给烟草行业带来巨大的经济损失.目前,世界范围内尚无特效的化学药剂可以进行治疗.但诸多研究表明,前期及时的化学药剂处理、熏蒸处理、诱抗剂处理均可有效预防烟草青枯病的发生和发展,降低经济损失.我国有关烟草青枯病化学防治的研究十分有限,而化学防治是保障烟草健康和烟叶生产的不可或缺的重要组成部分.因此,本文对我国烟草青枯病化学防治的药剂、影响防效的因素以及采用土壤熏蒸消毒和诱抗剂防治烟草青枯病的进展进行了系统整理和总结,并对烟草青枯病的化学防治前景进行了展望,希望能为今后烟草青枯病及时有效地防控提供参考. 相似文献
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为了明确植物疫苗鄂鲁冷特对番茄育苗及其田间青枯病防治效果的影响,在番茄育苗基质中添加植物疫苗,测定处理后种苗株高、根系长度及出苗率;在田间种植共设疫苗袋装、沟施、浇灌及生防菌剂、化学农药和清水对照6个处理,对根系土壤的养分含量、植株的生物学性状及青枯病发病率进行研究。结果表明,植物疫苗处理分别能使番茄植株株高、根系长度和出苗率提高13.71%、68.20%和56.66%;疫苗袋装和沟施处理的番茄根系土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾和交换性钙含量均显著高于其它处理;疫苗袋装、沟施和浇灌均能显著提高番茄植株的株高、花数和产量,其中疫苗袋装处理效果最好,番茄产量最高为99.55 t/hm~2,对不同生育期的平均防治效果最高为93.47%。表明植物疫苗鄂鲁冷特的应用能育出壮苗,降低青枯发病率,提高产量。 相似文献
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Application of Rhizobacteria for Induced Resistance 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Geoffrey W. Zehnder John F. Murphy Edward J. Sikora Joseph W. Kloepper 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(1):39-50
This article provides a review of experiments conducted over a six-year period to develop a biological control system for insect-transmitted diseases in vegetables based on induced systemic resistance (ISR) mediated by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Initial experiments investigated the factors involved in treatment with PGPR led to ISR to bacterial wilt disease in cucumber caused by Erwinia tracheiphila. Results demonstrated that PGPR-ISR against bacterial wilt and feeding by the cucumber beetle vectors of E. trachiphiela were associated with reduced concentrations of cucurbitacin, a secondary plant metabolite and powerful beetle feeding stimulant. In other experiments, PGPR induced resistance against bacterial wilt in the absence of the beetle vectors, suggesting that PGPR-ISR protects cucumber against bacterial wilt not only by reducing beetle feeding and transmission of the pathogen, but also through the induction of other plant defense mechanisms after the pathogen has been introduced into the plant. Additional greenhouse and field experiments are described in which PGPR strains were selected for ISR against cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tomato mottle virus (ToMoV). Although results varied from year to year, field-grown tomatoes treated with PGPR demonstrated a reduction in the development of disease symptoms, and often a reduction in the incidence of viral infection and an increase in tomato yield. Recent efforts on commercial development of PGPR are described in which biological preparations containing industrial formulated spores of PGPR plus chitosan were formulated and evaluated for use in a transplant soil mix system for developing plants that can withstand disease attack after transplanting in the field. 相似文献
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抗不同生化型青枯菌的生防菌筛选鉴定及其活性分析 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
为更好地利用生防菌控制青枯病危害,从不同地区的土壤中分离到569株细菌菌株,筛选到3株对5种不同生化型青枯劳尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum具有较强拮抗活性的菌株,其中菌株BS2004的拮抗活性最强。以BS2004的菌悬液为对照,分别测定无菌滤液、蛋白酶K及高温热处理后拮抗物质抑菌活性的变化。结果显示,蛋白酶K及高温热处理后,该菌的抑菌活性显著降低,表明其主要抑菌成分为蛋白类物质。在设施栽培条件下用生防菌BS2004菌悬液处理番茄植株,能有效控制番茄青枯病的发生,防治效果达66.75%,同时还发现,重新分离得到的青枯菌菌体数明显受到生防菌的抑制。通过对BS2004的形态、生理生化特征、脂肪酸鉴定、16S rDNA序列等进行分析,该菌株被鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。 相似文献
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2株分泌型铁载体真菌对番茄青枯病的防效 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为筛选对番茄青枯病防治效果好的天然产物,本文以分泌型铁载体产生菌云南木霉Trichoderma yunnanense 2-14F2和拟球孢白僵菌Beauveria pseudobassiana 2-8F2为材料,考察其铁载体活性物质对番茄青枯病的防效。采用CAS检测法及全波段紫外光吸收法判定铁载体化学结构类型及其活性。采用Sephadex-LH20凝胶划段法分离活性物质。采用平板扩散及96孔板倍半稀释法检测铁载体活性物质对青枯雷尔氏菌Ralstonia solanacearum的离体抑菌活性;采用盆栽法检测活性物质对番茄青枯病的防效。结果显示,菌株2-14F2和2-8F2产铁载体活性单位(SU)分别为62.02%和52.06%,铁载体化学结构类型均为异羟肟酸盐型(hydroxamates)。当铁载体活性物质浓度为0.15 mg/mL时,两菌株对青枯雷尔氏菌抑菌率分别为73.26%(2-14F2)和37.23%(2-8F2);对番茄青枯病的防治效果分别达到51.36%(2-14F2)与50.27%(2-8F2)。此外,当两菌株铁载体活性物质中含1 mol/L FeCl3 相似文献
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ANTI-8098A生物杀菌制剂在连作重病区对茄子青枯病的防效测定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在福州市宦溪镇创新村蔬菜基地的同一地点连续3a进行的试验表明,生防菌———ANTI-8098A制剂当年使用,对连作重病区的茄子青枯病具有良好的防治效果。同时,该制剂对茄子植株的叶宽、叶长、叶片数、株高、着花数、着果数和果长都有显著促长作用,但防效不能持续至次年。生产上可于茄子小苗期开始施用ANTI-8098A制剂,用300倍液灌根,每株茄子施药液250g,于定植时、苗期(定植后20d)和成长期(苗期后20d)各使用1次。 相似文献
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The potential of nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and other biological control organisms for suppressing fusarium wilt of banana 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of nonpathogenic F. oxysporum and Trichoderma isolates from suppressive soils in South Africa to suppress fusarium wilt of banana in the glasshouse. Several biological control agents and commercial biological control products were included in the study. The isolates were first screened in vitro on potato dextrose agar. In glasshouse evaluations, the fungal and bacterial isolates were established on banana roots before they were replanted in pathogen-infested soil, while the commercial biocontrol agents were applied as directed by the supplier. Banana plantlets were evaluated for disease development after 7 weeks. In vitro tests showed none of the nonpathogenic isolates suppressed Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense ( Foc ), while slight suppression was observed with the two Trichoderma isolates. Results of the glasshouse evaluations revealed that two of the nonpathogenic F. oxysporum isolates, CAV 255 and CAV 241, reduced fusarium wilt incidence by 87·4 and 75·0%, respectively. The known biological control agent Fo47 did not suppress Foc significantly. Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WCS 417, known for its ability to suppress other fusarium wilt diseases (WCS 417), reduced disease incidence by 87·4%. These isolates should be further evaluated for potential application in the field, independently and in combination. 相似文献