BIMS-Ⅲ-2V蓄电池智能监控系统的研制

蓄电池智能监控系统不仅实现了普通蓄电池巡检仪的功能,而且具备在线平衡蓄电池个体电池间的电压,以使蓄电池工作在较平均的状态,从而增加蓄电池组的使用时间。     

北大荒浩化分公司生产系统投用电子巡检仪

<正>本报讯日前,黑龙江北大荒农业股份有限公司浩良河化肥分公司完成了生产车间电子的巡检仪配置工作,实现了由传统的挂牌巡检向电子巡检的转变。这家企业针对传统挂牌巡检质量受人员技术素质、责任心限     

硬脂酸/膨胀石墨储热材料的储/放热性能

为提高太阳能干燥系统的能源利用效率,制备了适宜木材太阳能干燥用的硬脂酸/膨胀石墨复合相变储热材料。利用差示扫描量热分析仪(DSC)和温度巡检仪对复合相变储热材料的热性能进行了研究,并在相同加热时间的条件下,探究了储热单元对储热水箱温度变化的影响。实验结果表明:含10%膨胀石墨的复合材料具有良好的封装效果;其融化潜热为169.90 J/g,凝固潜热为166.10 J/g;膨胀石墨的添加有效地提高了复合材料的储/放热效率;储热单元的添加对储热水箱水温的变化影响显著,在潜热放热阶段能够提供大量热量,减缓水温下降速率。     

玉米秸秆颗粒燃料层燃特性研究

为了研究不同过量空气系数(α)对生物质成型燃料层燃特性的影响，以我国东北粮食主产区典型的玉米秸秆颗粒燃料为研究对象，搭建生物质成型燃料固定床试验台，模拟生物质成型燃料沿炉膛高度和炉排行进方向上的燃烧过程，分别进行了风量为30、40、50、60和70 Nm³·h^-1共5个工况的25组燃烧试验。应用巡检仪采集试验数据，采集步长为1 min，将采集到的数据用矩阵化、多项式拟合等方法进行处理分析。结果表明：当一次风量(Qao)≥50 Nm³·h^-1时，燃料的着火延迟时间(td)、火焰向下传递速率(Rf)及灰渣中可燃物含量(ηa)均随Qao的增加而降低；当Qao<50 Nm³·h^-1时，燃料的td、Rf、ηa参量均随Qao的增加而增加；在距离炉排高度200～150和100～50 mm燃烧区内，随着Qao的增加，Rf呈现先减小后增大的趋势。在距离炉排高度150～100 mm燃烧区内，当Qao≤40 Nm³·h^-1时，R...     

以Cu颗粒强化导热的木质基复合相变储热材料性能研究

  目的  高导热的填料虽然能够提升木质基复合相变储热材料的储放热速率,但存在的易团聚现象无法使其均匀分散于材料内部。本研究旨在利用溶液还原法,由内而外地在轻木基体内原位生成单分散的金属铜颗粒,为提高木质基复合相变储热材料的储放热性能探索绿色、经济的道路。  方法  首先利用酸性亚氯酸钠溶液对轻木进行脱木素处理以提高其对相变材料的封装效率。然后利用CuSO₄溶液与抗坏血酸溶液在脱木素轻木内利用溶液还原法多次循环制备单分散金属Cu颗粒,并将反应完全后的轻木利用真空浸渍法与石蜡（PW）制备具有Cu颗粒强化导热的木基复合相变储热材料。采用场发射电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱分析（FTIR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差式扫描量热仪（DSC）、导热系数测试仪和温度巡检仪对材料的微观、结晶、化学结构及储放热性能进行评价。  结果  轻木经脱木素处理后其对石蜡的封装效率从64.9%提升至了82.6%。经过抗坏血酸对Cu2+的还原作用,在轻木基体内原位制造出了Cu。然而循环次数过少,Cu不能均匀地分布在木材基体内,而过多的循环次数则会过量地影响轻木对相变材料的封装效果;其中3次的循环次数最为合适,以此所制备的复合相变储热材料导热系数提升了1.76倍,熔融与凝固潜热分别高达143.7、142.9 J/g,同时储热与放热时间分别缩短了23.7%与32.6%,展现出了更好的温度调节潜力。  结论  利用溶液还原法能够有效地在轻木基体内均匀制备金属Cu颗粒,并且以3次循环制备的Cu颗粒强化导热的木基复合相变储热材料储放热性能较好。      

园林绿化修剪及养护管理工作探讨

首先,介绍了园林绿化修剪和养护管理的重要性,强调了其对保持园林景观美观、促进植物健康和提升环境质量的作用。其次,概述了园林绿化修剪的定义和范围,并阐述了修剪的基本原则,包括形态塑造、健康促进和景观改善。针对不同类型的植物,分别介绍了树木、灌木和草坪的修剪方法和技巧。最后,探讨了园林绿化养护管理的措施,包括植物健康监测和病虫害防治、水源和灌溉管理、营养供应和土壤管理以及废弃物清理和景观维护,为园林绿化的维护提供有价值的参考。     

干旱条件下锌、锰肥对玉米叶绿素含量的影响

研究了盆栽条件下施用微量元素锌和锰对玉米生长及叶片叶绿素含量的影响。在正常供水和土壤干旱条件下,施用锌、锰肥明显改善了玉米的生长状况和叶片叶绿素含量。干旱情况下,施锌处理的玉米株高增加了11.7%,地上部和地下部干物质增加了37.8%和69.3%,施锰处理的玉米株高增加了12.6%,地上部和地下部干物质增加了24.8%,和29.5%。正常供水条件下,施锌处理的玉米株高、地上部及地下部干物质分别依次增加了10.7%、11.1%和30.3%;施锰处理的玉米分别依次增加了9.0%、7.6%和21.6%。正常供水条件下,施锌使玉米叶片叶绿素a增加了14.3%、叶绿素b增加了15.3%、总叶绿素含量增加了14.8%;施锰使叶绿素a增加了31.7%、叶绿素b增加了40.0%、总叶绿素含量增加了35.8%。干旱情况下,施锌使叶绿素a增加了8.9%、叶绿素b增加了10.23%、总叶绿素含量增加了9.5%。施锰处理的叶绿素a增加了16.3%、叶绿素b增加了11.7%、总叶绿素含量增加了12.6%。     

积极引进国外智力加快发展现代农业——宝鸡市农技系统实施引智项目的创新性实践

文章概述了通过实施引智项目,了解相关行业最新国际科研动态,获得了多样性的种质资源和新技术,提高了技术人员的素质和科研水平,加速了农业产业化、现代化进程,提高了宝鸡农产品的知名度和竞争力。同时,对搞好引智项目工作做了进一步思考和建议。     

土壤学发展历程、研究现状与展望

土壤学在农业可持续发展和生态环境建设中发挥了极其重要作用。随着现代科学技术和社会经济的快速发展,土壤学正在经历从传统向现代土壤学的转变。本文简单回顾了国际和中国土壤学的发展历程,分析了土壤学研究现状,指出了中国土壤学的研究特色和主要研究成果。同时,分析了当前土壤学研究领域所面临的问题和挑战,对其未来的发展趋势做出了展望,为土壤学的发展指明了研究方向。     

多Agent协同系统的3层数据挖掘模型的设计

传统的数据挖掘模型存在低效性和非智能化等不足。设计了一个基于Multi-Agent的3层数据挖掘模型,讨论了模型的通信和运行过程。这一模型弥补了传统数据挖掘的缺陷和不足,而且分层管理不同角色的工作,在很大程度上提高了数据挖掘的智能性和高效性,减少了人工的参与。     

Tuning the quantum stability and superconductivity of ultrathin metal alloys

Quantum confinement of itinerant electrons in atomically smooth ultrathin lead films produces strong oscillations in the thickness-dependent film energy. By adding extra electrons via bismuth alloying, we showed that both the structural stability and the superconducting properties of such films can be tuned. The phase boundary (upper critical field) between the superconducting vortex state and the normal state indicates an anomalous suppression of superconducting order just below the critical temperature, Tc. This suppression varies systematically with the film thickness and the bismuth content and can be parametrized in terms of a characteristic temperature, Tc* (less than Tc), that is inversely proportional to the scattering mean free path. The results indicate that the isotropic nature of the superconductive pairing in bulk lead-bismuth alloys is altered in the quantum regime.     

Magnetic field-tuned quantum criticality in the metallic ruthenate Sr3Ru2O7

The concept of quantum criticality is proving to be central to attempts to understand the physics of strongly correlated electrons. Here, we argue that observations on the itinerant metamagnet Sr3Ru2O7 represent good evidence for a new class of quantum critical point, arising when the critical end point terminating a line of first-order transitions is depressed toward zero temperature. This is of interest both in its own right and because of the convenience of having a quantum critical point for which the tuning parameter is the magnetic field. The relationship between the resultant critical fluctuations and novel behavior very near the critical field is discussed.     

P-State Pairing and the Ferromagnetism of ZrZn2

It is ascertained that, within the range of stability, the transition temperature of the superconducting solutions between Ti and Zr and between Zr and Hf, and the Curie point of the corresponding ferromagnetic solutions between TiZn(2) and ZrZn(2) and between ZrZn(2) and HfZn(2), follow a parallel behavior. From this correlation it is concluded that the weak itinerant ferromagnetism of ZrZn(2) must be due to electron-phonon interaction. Theoretical arguments are advanced to show that the underlying mechanism is hindered p-state pairing, due to a strongly localized repulsive part of the pair-potential that acts as a Hubbard interaction and gives rise to a Stoner instability.     

智能化多功能汽车性能检测仪的硬件技术

综合阐述了智能化多功能汽车性能检测仪的总体设计思想，系统地分析了智能化多功能汽车检测仪的结构，原理及使用方法，以计算机辅件控制系统对整个汽车性能检测仪进行控制，提高了汽车性能检测的精度，为汽车性能检测技术的发展提供了可靠的基础。     

Signatures of electron fractionalization in ultraquantum bismuth

Because of the long Fermi wavelength of itinerant electrons, the quantum limit of elemental bismuth (unlike most metals) can be attained with a moderate magnetic field. The quantized orbits of electrons shrink with increasing magnetic field. Beyond the quantum limit, the circumference of these orbits becomes shorter than the Fermi wavelength. We studied transport coefficients of a single crystal of bismuth up to 33 tesla, which is deep in this ultraquantum limit. The Nernst coefficient presents three unexpected maxima that are concomitant with quasi-plateaus in the Hall coefficient. The results suggest that this bulk element may host an exotic quantum fluid reminiscent of the one associated with the fractional quantum Hall effect and raise the issue of electron fractionalization in a three-dimensional metal.     

Magnetic superstructure in the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet SrCu2(BO3)2

We report the observation of magnetic superstructure in a magnetization plateau state of SrCu2(BO3)2, a frustrated quasi-two-dimensional quantum spin system. The Cu and B nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra at 35 millikelvin indicate an apparently discontinuous phase transition from uniform magnetization to a modulated superstructure near 27 tesla, above which a magnetization plateau at 1/8 of the full saturation has been observed. Comparison of the Cu NMR spectrum and the theoretical analysis of a Heisenberg spin model demonstrates the crystallization of itinerant triplets in the plateau phase within a large rhomboid unit cell (16 spins per layer) showing oscillations of the spin polarization. Thus, we are now in possession of an interesting model system to study a localization transition of strongly interacting quantum particles.     

Predicting new solids and superconductors

It is now possible to start with a simple model of a solid composed of atomic cores and itinerant valence electrons and compute the total energy for a given structural arrangement of atoms with enough precision to predict the existence of new solids and their properties. The application of the model based on the pseudopotential method is described with silicon chosen as a prototype material. With only information about the constituent atoms, the electronic, structural, vibrational, and even superconducting properties of solids can be calculated from first principles. The successful predictions of superconductivity in highly condensed hexagonal silicon and the existence of new high-pressure semiconductor phases are highlighted. A discussion is presented of the use of the method to discover new stable or metastable solids at high pressures.     

大口径管道投产前聚氨酯测径内检测器研制与应用

针对传统内检测器的技术缺陷及中俄东线天然气管道工程的实际需求,研制了一种适用于大口径管道投产前测径的新型高密度聚氨酯内检测器。安装在高密度聚氨酯泡沫主体的智能测径装置不但能够发现管道内径变化、记录变形位置,而且能够准确识别管道环焊缝数量,结合管道施工记录对环焊缝信息进行验证。论述了该检测器的工作原理、结构组成及电子系统的设计与实现,将其应用于中俄东线天然气管道工程的现场检测,结果表明:与传统皮碗式钢骨架智能测径器相比,该检测器所需运行推力更小,可支持的运行速度更高,结构更加鲁棒,维护简单,在保证检测精度与检出率的同时,可大幅降低使用成本,对于大口径管道几何变形检测具有重要的工程意义。(图7,参28)     

Stereoscopic depth discrimination in the visual cortex: neurons ideally suited as disparity detectors

The possibility has been explored that a subset of physiologically identifiable cells in the visual cortex is especially suited for the processing of stereoscopic depth information. First, characteristics of a disparity detector that would be useful for such processing were outlined. Then, a method was devised by which detailed binocular response data were obtained from cortical cells. In addition, a model of the disparity detector was developed that includes a plausible hierarchical arrangement of cortical cells. Data from the cells compare well with the requirements for the archetypal disparity detector and are in excellent agreement with the predictions of the model. These results demonstrate that a specific type of cortical neuron exhibits the desired characteristics of a disparity detector.