BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article.
Heavy Metals in Soils Editor B.J. Alloway.
F.A.O. Soils Bulletin 61: Radioactive fallout in soils, crops and food By F.P.W. Winteringham.
Dynamics of soil organic matter in tropical ecosystems Edited by D.C. Coleman, J.M. Oades and G. Uehara.
Agroforestry for soil conservation By A. Young.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviewed in this articles:
Urban soils—Applications and Practices . By P. J. Craul     

BOOK REVIEWS

World Map of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation. Global Assessment of Soil Degradation (GLASOD) By L.R. Oldeman, R.T.A. Hakkeling & W.G. Sombroek
Evaluation of Land Resources in Scotland Edited by J.S. Bibby & M.F. Thomas.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book review in this Article
Farming, Fertilizers and the Nitrate Problem By T.M. Addiscott, A.P. Whitmore and D.S. Powlson.
Land Husbandry By N. Hudson.     

Books on Soil Science recently received

Book reviews in this article: Arora , D. K., Rai , B., Mukerji , K. G. & Knudsen , G. R. (eds) Handbook of Applied Mycology: Vol. I, Soils and Plants. Bullock , P. & Gregory , P. J., (eds) Soils in the Urban Environment. Buol , S. W., Hole , F. D. & Mccracken , R. J. Soil Genesis and Classification. Duchaufour , P. Pédologie: Sol, végétation, environnement. Abrégés. Follett , R. F., Keeney , D. R. & Cruse , R. M., (eds) Managing Nitrogen for Groundwater Quality and Farm Profitability. Groot , J. J. R., De Willingen , P. & Verberne , E. L. J., (eds) Nitrogen Turnover in the Soil-Crop System. Jury , W. A., Gardner , W. R. & Gardner , W. M. Soil Physics. Kienitz , G., Milly , P. C. D., Van Genuchten , M. T., Rosbjerg , D. & Shuttleworth , W. J. (eds). Hydrological Interactions Between Atmosphere, Soil and Vegetation. Klausner , Y. Fundamentals of Continuum Mechanics of Soils. Landon , J. R., (ed.) Booker Tropical Soil Manual. Last , F. T. & Watling , R., (eds) Acidic Deposition: Its Nature and Impacts. Mc Michael , B. L. & Person , H., (eds) Plant Roots and Their Environment. Merian , E., (ed) Metals and their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance. Møberg , J. P. & Breuning Madsen , H., (eds) Soil Research in Denmark. Nahon , D. B. Introduction to the Petrology of Soils and Chemical Weathering. Nettleton , W. D., (ed.) Occurrence, Characteristics and Genesis of Carbonate, Gypsum, and Silica Accumulations in Soils. Roth , K., Flühler , H., Jury , W. A. & Parker , J. C., (eds) Field-Scale Water and Solute Flux in Soils. Ulrich , B & Sumner , M. E., (eds) Soil Acidity. Wilson , W. S., (ed.) Advances in Soil Organic Matter Research: The Impact on Agriculture and the Environment. OTHER BOOKS RECEIVED Mason , C. F. Biology of Freshwater Pollution. Midgley , D. & Torrance , K. Potentiometric Water Analysis. Sleper , D. A., Barker , T. C. & Bramel -Cox , P. J., (eds) Plant Breeding and Sustainable Agriculture: Considerations for Objectives and Methods. Undersander , D. et al. Alfalfa Management Guide.     

Books on Soil Science recently received

Book reviews in this article: Addiscott , T. M., Whitmore , A. P. & Powlson , D. S. Farming, Fertilizers and the Nitrate Problem. Bogardi , I. & Kuzelka , R. D. (eds) Nitrate Contamination. Canarache , A. Fizica Solurilor Agricole. Davis , B., Walker , N., Ball , D. & Fitter , A. The Soil. The New Naturalist Library 77. Dupriez , H. & de Leener , P. Ways of Water: Run-off, Irrigation and Drainage. Hanks , J. & Ritchie , J. T. (eds) Modeling Plant and Soil Systems Agronomy. Hillel , D. Out of the Earth. Holliday , V. T. (ed.) Archaeology: Landscape Evolution and Human Occupation. Kennedy , I. R. Acid Soil and Acid Rain. Lal , R. & Stewart , B. A. (eds) Soil Restoration. Advances in Soil Science. Lozet , J. & Mathieu , C. Dictionary of Soil Science. Mausbach , M. J. & Wilding , L. P. (eds) Spatial Variabilities of Soils and Landforms, SSSA Special Publication. Robinson , D. M. & Mckean , S. J. (compilers) Shifting Cultivation and Alternatives: An Annotated Bibliography, 1972–1989. Smart , P. & Herbertson , J. G. (eds) Drainage Design. Smeck , R. & Ciolkosz , E. J. (eds) Fragipans: Their Occurrence, Classification and Genesis, SSSA Special Publication. Sparks , D. L. & Suarez , D. L. (eds) Rates of Soil Chemical Processes, SSSA Special Publication. Sposito , G. & Reginato , R. J. (eds) Opportunities in Basic Soil Science Research. Stewart , B. A., (ed.) Advances in Soil Science. Uzo Mokwunye , A., (ed.) Alleviating Soil Fertility Constraints to Increased Crop Production in West Africa. OTHER BOOKS RECEIVED Deturck , P. & Ponnamperuma , F. N. (eds) Rice Production on Acid Soils of the Tropics. Hudson , N. Land Husbandry. Matthews , J. A. The Ecology of Recently-Deglaciated Terrain: A Geoecological Approach to Glacier Forelands and Primary Succession. Waddington , D. V., Carrow , R. N. & Shearman , R. C. (eds) Turfgrass, Agronomy.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book review in this Article
The Soil By B. Davies, N. Walker, D. Ball & A. Fitter.
Soils in the Urban Environment Edited by P. Bullock & P.J. Gregory.
Soil Management for Sustainability Edited by R. Lai & FJ. Pierce.
Development of K-Fertilizer Recommendations Proceedings of the 22nd Colloquium of the International Potash Institute held at Soligorsk, USSR, 1990.
Soil Micromorphology: a Basic and Applied Science Edited by L.A. Douglas, 1990.     

Book reviews

Books reviewed in this article.
Schinner, R., Öhlinger, R., Kandeler, E. & Margesin, R. (eds) Methods in Soil Biology .
Coleman, D.C. & Crossley, J.R. Jr. Fundamentals of Soil Ecology .
Hall, G.S. (ed.) Methods for the Examination of Organismal Diversity in Soils and Sediments .
Boutton, T.W. and Yamasaki, S. (eds) Mass Spectrometry of Soils .
Yaron, B., Calvet, R. & Prost, R. Soil Pollution. Processes and Dynamics .
Buurman, P., van Lagen, B. and Velthorst, E.J. (eds) Manual for Soil and Water Analysis.
Legros, J.-P. Cartographie des sols - De l'analyse spatiale b la gestion des territoires.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Alloway, B.J. & Ayres, D.C. Chemical Principles of Environmental Pollution .
Baize, D. Soil Science Analyses: a Guide to Current Use .
Batjes, N.H. & Bridges, E.M.(eds) World Inventory of Soil Emission Potentials , WISE Report No. 2.
Batjes, N.H. & Bridges, E.M. A Review of Soil Factors and Processes that Control Fluxes of Heat, Moisture and Greenhouse Gases , WISE Report No. 3.
Bigham, J.M. & Ciolkosz, E.J. (eds) Soil Color , SSSA Special Publication No. 31.
Blokhuis, W.A. Vertisols in the Central Plain of the Sudan .
Burt, T.P., Heathwaite, A.L. & Trudgill, S.T. (eds) Nitrate: Processes, Patterns and Management .
Heathwaite, A.L. & Göttlich, K. (eds) Mires: Process, Exploitation and Conservation .
Rolston, D.E., Harper, L.A., Mosier, A.R. & Duxbury, J.M. (eds) Agricultural Ecosystem Effects on Trace Gases and Global Climate Change , ASA Special Publication No. 55.
Schwab, G.O., Fangmeier, D.D., Elliot, W.J. & Frevert, R.K. Soil and Water Conservation Engineering , 4th edn.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Rounsevell, M.D.A. and Loveland, P.J. (eds). Soil Responses to Climate Change . NATO ASI Series 1: Global Environmental Change Vol. 23.
B.J. Alloway (ed.) Heavy Metals in Soils .
Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape (FOEFL). Regional Soil Contamination Surveying, A Technical Note B Case Study . Environmental Documentation No 25, Soil.
Frankenberger, W.T. Jr & Arshad, M. Phytohormones in Soils: Microbial Production and Function .
Boesten, B., Dowling, D.N. & O'Gara, F. (eds). Molecular Ecology of Rhizosphere Microorganisms. Biotechnology and the Release of GMOs .     

Analysis of grape Vitis vinifera L. DNA in must mixtures and experimental mixed wines using microsatellite markers

Because wine quality highly relies on the varietal composition of the must, the development of methods allowing the authentication of varieties in musts and wines would be of great value as a guarantee of quality. Microsatellite markers have already been applied to the authentication of grape juices (Faria, M. A.; Magalh?es, R.; Ferreira, M. A.; Meredith, C. P.; Ferreira Monteiro, F. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2000, 48, 1096-1100) and to the analysis of experimental wines (Siret, R.; Boursiquot, J. M.; Merle, M. H.; Cabanis, J. C.; This, P. J. Agric Food Chem. 2000, 48, 5035-5040). In the present paper, we accessed the usefulness of this technology for the analysis of must and wine mixtures. The detection limit of DNA mixtures was first estimated on DNA extracted from leaves: 4% of a foreign DNA can be detected. Analysis of must and wine mixtures (Chardonnay B/Clairette B and Syrah N/Grenache N) was performed on experimental fermentations. DNA was extracted along the fermentation process and analyzed using five microsatellite loci. The 70:30 (v/v) mixtures were successfully analyzed until the end of the fermentation. The applications of these results to commercial purposes are discussed.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Anderson, S.H. & Hopmans, J. (eds) Tomography of Soil–Water–Root Processes
Burman, R. & Pochop, L.O. Evaporation, Evapotranspiration and Climatic Data
Foster, S. & Smout, T.C. (eds) The History of Soils and Field Systems.
Jayawardane, N.S. & Stewart, B.A. (eds) Subsoil Management Techniques
Lal, R. (ed.) Soil Erosion Research Methods
McDonald, P. (ed.) The Literature of Soil Science.
Thomas, D. & Middleton, N. Desertification: Exploding the Myth.
Ure, A.M. & Davidson, C.M. Chemical Speciation in the Environment.
Wolt, J.D. Soil Solution Chemistry: Applications to Environmental Science and Agriculture.     

BOOKS ON SOIL SCIENCE RECENTLY RECEIVED

Book reviewed in this article:
MARSHALL, T. J. and HOLMES, J. W. Soil Physics
OTHER BOOKS RECEIVED
BONNEAU, M. and SOUCHIER, B. Constituants et proriétés du sol .
CHESHIRE, M. V. Nature and origin of carbohydrates in soils .
CIBA Foundation Symposium No. 72 (New Series) Sulphur in biology .
FENCHEL, T. and BLACKBURN, T. H. Bacteria and mineral cycling .
GREENLAND, D. J. and HAYES, M. B. H. (eds.) The chemistry of soil constituents .
HALLDIN, S. (ed.) Comparison of forest water and energy exchange models .
OELHAF, R. C. Organic agriculture .
UNESCO Tropical grazing land ecosystems .     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed in this article:
Paton, T.R., Humphreys, G.S. & Mitchell, P.B. Soils: a New Global View
Clauer, N. & Chaudhuri, S. Clays in Crustal Environments, Isotope Dating and Tracing
Bonneau, M. & Souchier, B.(coordinateurs) Pédologie: Tome 2. Constituents et propriétés du sol
Duchaufour, P. Pédologie: Sol, Végétation, Environnement
International Atomic Energy Agency/FAO. Guidelines for Agricultural Countermeasures Following an Accidental Release of Radionuclides
Market, B. (ed) Enviromental Sampling for Trace Analysis
Sposito, G. Chemical Equilibria and Kinetics in Soils
Woomer, P.L. & Swift, M.J. (eds) The Biological Management of Tropical Soil Fertility
Barber, S.A. Soil Nutrient Bioavailability. A Mechanistic Approach
Wood, M. Environmental Soil Biology
Tate, R.L. Soil Microbiology     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Review in this Articles
Soil Conservation (Third Edition) By N. Hudson.
Conserving soil resources: European perspectives. Selected papers from the First International Congress of the European Society for Soil Conservation Edited by R.J. Rickson.
Soil and water management systems, 4th edition By G.O. Schwab, D.D. Fangmeier & W.J. Elliot.     

Books on Soil Science recently received

B ethlenfalvay , G. J. & L inderman , R. G. (eds) Mycorrhizae in Sustainable Agriculture
B ollag , J.-M. & S totzky , G. (eds) Soil Biochemistry
C resser , M., K illham , K. & E dwards , T. Soil Chemistry and its Applications
H anks , R. J. Applied Soil Physics
L al , R. & S anchez , P. A. (eds) Myths andscience of Soils of the Tropics
M agdoff , F. Building Soils for Better Crops: Organic Matter Management
M itchell , J. K. Fundamentals of Soil Behavior
M ulongoy , K. & M erckx , R. (eds) Soif Organic Matter Dynamics and Sustainability of Tropical Agriculture
O jima , D. S. & S vensson , B. H. (eds) Trace Gas Exchange in a Global Perspective
P imentel , D. (cd.) World Soil Erosion and Conservation
T an , K. H. Principles of Soil Chemistry
T opp , G. C., R eynolds , W. D. & G reen , R. E. (eds) Advances in Measurement ofsoil Physical Properties: Bringing Theory into Practice
W icherek , S. (ed.) Farm Land Erosion in Temperate Plains Environment and Hills
W ild , A. Soils and the Environment: An Introduction     

Books on Soil Science recently received

Book reviews in this article: Anderson , M. G. & Burt , T. P., (eds) Process Studies in Hillslope Hydrology. Avery , B. W. Soils of the British Isles. Boardman J., Foster , I. D. L. & Dearing , J. A., (eds) Soil Erosion on Agricultural Land. Campbell , C. A., Zentner , R. P., Janzen , H. H. & Bowren , K. E. Crop Rotation Studies on the Canadian Prairies. Cheng , H. H., (ed.) Pesticides in the Soil Environment: Processes, Impacts, and Modeling. Dindal , D. L., (ed.) Soil Biology Guide. Fergusson , J. E. The Heavy Elements: Chemistry, Environmental Impact And Health Effects. Follett , R. F., (ed.) Nitrogen Management and Ground Water Protection. Hayes , M. H. B., Mac Carthy P., Malcolm , R. L. & Swift , R. S., (eds) Humic Substances II: In Search of Structure. Hillel D. & Elrick , D. E., (eds) Scaling in Soil Physics: Principles and Applications. Kämäri , J. et al., (eds) Regional Acidification Models. Melchoir , D. C. & Bassett , R. L., (eds) Chemical Modeling of Aqueous Systems II. Schulze , E. D., Lange , O. L. & Oren , R., (eds) Forest Decline and Air Pollution: A Study of Spruce (Picea Abies) on Acid Soils. Lal , R. & Stewart , B. A., (eds) Advances in Soil Science. Stewart , B. A., (ed.) Advances in Soil Science. Singh , R. P., Parr , J. F. & Stewart , B. A., (eds) Advances in Soil Science. Stewart , B. A., (ed.) Advances in Soil Science. Thornes , J. B., (ed) Vegetation and Erosion: Processes and Environments. Webster , R. & Oliver , M. A. Statistical Methods in Soil and Land Resource Survey. Young , A. & Murata , P. SCUAF: Soil Changes Under Agroforestry. Pizer , N. H. Understanding Soils, The Experience of an Adviser. OTHER BOOKS RECEIVED Allbrook , R. F. Bibliography of Soil Science in New Zealand up to 1957 Alloway , B. J., (ed.) Heavy Metals in Soils. Lyman , W. J., Reehl , W. F. & Rosenblatt , D. H., (eds) Handbook of Chemical Property Estimation Methods. Maltby , E. & Wollersen , T., (eds) Soils and their Management. A Sino–European Perspective. Miedema , R. & Mermut , A. R. Soil Micromorphology: An Annotated Bibliography 1968–1986. National Research Council . Surface Coal Mining Effects on Ground Water Recharge. Orr , W. L. & White , C. M., (eds) Geochemistry of Sulfur in Fossil Fuels. Schwintzer , C. R. & Tjepkema , J. D., (eds) The Biology of Frankia and Actinorhizal Plants. Tedder , D. W. & Pohland , F. G., (eds) Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management. Winteringham , F. P. W. Radioactive Fallout in Soils, Crops and Food.     

川中丘陵区城墙岩群和蓬莱镇组紫色岩上土壤性质研究

采用野外调查、取样和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了川中丘陵区白垩系城墙岩群(K1cg)和侏罗系蓬莱镇组(J3p)两种紫色母岩上土壤理化性质特征和差异,结果表明:两种紫色岩母质发育的土壤粘粒含量低,而砂粒含量高;土壤有机质和氮素含量低,而矿质养分含量丰富;在相同的地形部位上,J3p发育的土壤粘粒、全钾、速效钾和速效磷含量高于K1cg发育的土壤,而K1cg发育的土壤pH和土壤全磷均高于J3p发育的土壤,两种紫色岩母质形成的土壤有机质和氮素差异不明显。从丘顶到丘脚,土层逐渐增厚,土壤粘粒含量逐渐递增,砂粒含量逐渐递减;土壤有机质及各种矿质养分含量均呈递增趋势。     

水肥一体化施磷对滴灌玉米磷素、磷素营养及磷肥利用效率的影响

【目的】在新疆大规模的节水滴灌农业生产中,根据作物不同生育阶段对磷素营养吸收特性,按比例通过水肥一体化以水施磷是满足作物磷素营养需求、减少磷的固定及提高磷肥利用效率的有效途径。【方法】本文在田间条件下设置不施磷 (CK)、固体磷酸二铵60%基施+40%追施(T1)、液体磷酸60%基施+40%追施(T2)、液体磷酸全部追施(T3)处理,研究了不同磷肥及施肥方式对滴灌玉米磷素吸收、产量及磷肥利用率的影响。【结果】液体磷酸全部追施处理可显著提高玉米的生物量、穗粒数和千粒重 (P0.05),玉米产量达20622 kg/hm2,其产量比CK、磷酸二铵60%基施+40%追施和液体磷酸60%基施+40%追施处理分别提高了37%、25%、10%;在抽雄期和成熟期不施磷对照、T1、T2、T3处理的玉米吸磷量分别为14.0、22.7、21.0、18.3 kg/hm2 和 68.4、77.8、87.2、91.9 kg/hm2,在成熟期全部追肥处理植株的吸磷量显著高于其他处理,说明磷肥随水追施可显著改善玉米磷素营养(P0.05);T1、T2、T3处理磷肥利用率（REP）和农学效率（AEP）分别为16.6%、32.6%、40.6% 和 7.9 kg/kg、22.7 kg/kg、40.6 kg/kg,T3处理的REP和AEP分别比其它处理提高了8个百分点~24个百分点和17.9~32.7 kg/kg,液体磷酸全追可显著提高磷肥利用效率 (P0.05)。【结论】液体磷肥100%以追肥的方式随水滴施可显著改善玉米生育中后期的磷素营养并提高产量。提高石灰性土壤玉米对磷肥的吸收利用效率,磷肥利用率可达40.6%。