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高分子导电复合材料的导电机理及其电磁屏蔽作用分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在系统介绍高分子导电复合材料的基本特征、导电机理和电磁屏蔽以及特殊功能的基础上,对高分子复合材料分别从渗流理论、隧道效应理论和场致发射效应理论三个方面进行导电机制的比较和分析,论述了影响其电磁屏蔽效能的多种因素。最后,对高分子导电复合材料的应用前景做了进一步展望。 相似文献
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为了赋予木基复合材料电磁屏蔽功能,在脲醛树脂胶中加入黄铜纤维和不锈钢纤维作为导电单元,制备三层结构的落叶松复合胶合板,研究金属纤维不同施加量以及涂胶量对木基复合材料电磁屏蔽性能(SE)和胶合强度(ST)的影响.结果表明,除SF25-80外,胶合强度均达到或超过国家标准,涂胶量增大对电磁屏蔽效能有不利影响.在施加黄铜纤维条件下,电磁屏蔽效能为6.34~28.76dB,电磁屏蔽和胶合强度模型均不显著;在施加不锈钢纤维条件下,胶合板的电磁屏蔽效能为13.63~21.14dB,电磁屏蔽模型显著,胶合强度模型不显著.金属纤维的加入一方面有利于导电网链的形成,但另一方面对胶合强度有不利影响,进而不利于胶合板的导电性,电磁屏蔽性能是这两个方面综合作用的结果. 相似文献
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为了赋予木基复合材料电磁屏蔽功能,在脲醛树脂胶中加入不锈钢纤维(SF)和黄铜纤维(CF)导电单元,制备三层结构的落叶松复合胶合板,研究不同长度的导电单元以及涂胶量对木基复合材料电磁屏蔽性能(SE)和胶合强度(ST)的影响。结果表明,胶合强度均达到或超过国家标准。涂胶量增大对电磁屏蔽效能有不利影响。在施加不锈钢纤维的条件下,胶合板的电磁屏蔽效能为13.40~21.37dB,电磁屏蔽模型和胶合强度模型均显著。在施加不锈钢纤维的条件下,电磁屏蔽效能为15.61~35.01dB,电磁屏蔽模型均显著,胶合强度模型不显著。金属纤维长度的增加可以使胶层中不锈钢纤维的搭接率增加,有利于电磁屏蔽效能的增加。 相似文献
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在介绍电磁屏蔽原理的基础上,概述国内外对电磁屏蔽木基复合材料的研究状况,并展望电磁屏蔽木基复合材料的研究趋势和应用前景. 相似文献
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碳纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽特性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在系统介绍碳纤维性质的基础上,阐述了碳纤维复合材料的电磁屏蔽特性,并通过实验与金属纤维复合材料进行了比较分析,结果发现碳纤维复合材料在很多方面具有其它复合材料所不能比拟的优点。最后,对近年来科研人员提出的“超级木材”新概念做了进一步探讨。 相似文献
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混和导电单元对落叶松胶合板电磁屏蔽功能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以不锈钢纤维(SF)、黄铜纤维(CF)、超细镍粉(Ni)以及石墨粉(CP)为导电单元,采用纤维与粉末、不锈钢纤维与黄铜纤维混和方式,在脲醛树脂胶中加入混和导电单元制备3层结构的落叶松胶合板,研究导电单元不同施加量以及混和方式对木基复合材料电磁屏蔽性能(SE)和胶合强度(ST)的影响.结果表明:胶合强度达到或超过国家标准.不锈钢纤维与石墨粉混和时,电磁屏蔽效能从5.62~21.14 dB;不锈钢纤维与镍粉混和时,电磁屏蔽效能从0~21.14 dB;黄铜纤维与石墨粉混和时,电磁屏蔽效能从10.53~28.76 dB;黄铜纤维与镍粉混和时,电磁屏蔽效能从12.30~28.76 dB;不锈钢纤维与黄铜纤维混和时,电磁屏蔽效能从6.34~21.14 dB.电磁屏蔽模型显著,胶合强度模型不显著.金属纤维比导电粉末更有利于材料电磁屏蔽效能提高,不锈钢纤维比黄铜纤维更有利于材料电磁屏蔽效能提高. 相似文献
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生命健康、精密仪器和国防信息等领域对电磁屏蔽/吸波材料均有迫切的需求,但传统金属基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料存在屏蔽效能质量比低、易造成二次环境污染和屏蔽机理单一等不足,而新型碳基纳米电磁屏蔽/吸波材料制备烦琐、价格昂贵。木材及其衍生品具有多级孔结构、强重比高、绿色低碳、易加工、可再生等天然优势,开发轻质、环境友好的木基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料逐渐成为研究热点。系统分析和讨论了国内外木基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料的研究进展,介绍了电磁屏蔽材料的基本概念和原理,对比了涂层型、填充型、碳化型3种制备方法的特点及适用范围,总结了制备工艺、孔隙结构、导电/磁性填充组分等因素对电磁屏蔽和吸波性能的影响,并分析了木基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料中的电磁屏蔽机理和吸波机制,以及木质材料的各向异性结构对屏蔽性能的调控机制,最后对木基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料的未来发展趋势和研究重点进行了展望,可为木基电磁屏蔽/吸波材料的研发提供一定参考。 相似文献
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木材高温炭化及导电功能木炭研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
木材经高温炭化生成的固体炭化物——木炭具有较高的导电性,以其作为导电功能单元可用于生产电磁屏蔽材料、抗静电材料、电热材料等新型功能材料。文中概述了木材的炭化机理,分析了木炭的基本性能及影响因素,系统地介绍了国内外导电功能木炭的研究进展,提出了今后的研究重点,旨在为开发利用新型功能材料提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Surface characteristics of electroless nickel plated electromagnetic shielding wood veneer 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
WANG Li-juan LI Jian LIU Yi-xing 《林业研究》2005,16(3):233-236
Wood is a kind of porous natural material with very poor electro-conductivity, and it has almost no function of electromagnetic shielding. The method of electroless nickel plating was used to produce wooden material with electrical and effective electromagnetic shielding properties. Ni-P alloy layer was obtained on wood surface. The surface feature of plated wood veneer was observed by SEM and the surface composition and microstructure of the layer under different conditions were investigated by EDS and XRD respectively. Meanwhile, the relevant surface resistivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were measured. Correlations of the phosphorous content in the layer to the structure of Ni-P alloy, electro-conductivity and electromagnetic shielding of plated veneers were discussed. SEM photos showed that the surface of electroless nickel plated veneers were covered with Ni-P alloy layer entirely, which made wood veneers more like metal. At the same time, the results showed that with the decreasing of the phosphorous content in the layer, the microstructure of Ni-P alloy layer transformed to be microcrystalline and electro-conductivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were improved. When the phosphorous content was less than 2.37wt pct in the layer, the microstructure of Ni-P alloy layer was microcrystalline structure and its sur- face resistivity and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness were nearly 0.5Ω/□ and 55-60dB respectively. 相似文献
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A conductive and corrosion-resistant wood-based composite was obtained via electroless Ni–W–P plating on birch veneers. The W content of the Ni–W–P coatings obtained under different Na2WO4 concentrations in the plating bath was analyzed. The crystal structure, surface morphology, electrical resistivity, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, surface wettability, adhesive strength and corrosion resistance of the composite were investigated. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the coating consisted mainly of Ni0, Mo0 and P0 doped with little of their oxides. X-ray diffractometry analysis suggested the obtained coatings contained a nanocrystalline structure. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the veneer surfaces were covered with uniform and continuous coatings. Birch veneers plated with Ni–W–P alloy exhibited good electrical conductivity with surface resistivity below 200 mΩ/cm2 and shielding effectiveness above 35 dB from 9 kHz to 1.5 GHz. Ni–W–P films firmly adhered to the wood surface. Water contact angle of the composite reached about 130° indicating the hydrophobic surface. The Ni–W–P-plated veneers showed excellent corrosion resistance due to the polarization resistance above 3.1 kΩ/cm2. This study further provides a new method for fabricating multifunctional wood-based composites. 相似文献
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木材表面化学镀处理技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
现实生活中电子产品在室内环境中的运用日益增多,为解决木质产品的电磁屏蔽性,将电子产业成熟的化学沉积金属镀工艺技术引入到木材处理中,阐述了化学镀的机理及其在木材加工中的利用,以木材化学镀铜、镀金工艺为例,从其研究进展、处理工艺、质量评价等方面分析了木材化学镀铜、镀金处理后材料的性能以及生产应用的可行性. 相似文献