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对我国李杏种质资源新品种选育和商品性开发、加工和利用的现状及进展进行了综述,并对用于园林绿化的李杏资源现状和应用价值给予肯定,为推动李杏资源的利用和发展奠定了基础。 相似文献
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酸角是一种用途广泛的热带特色资源植物,其果实营养丰富,可用作多种用途,具有很好的食品工业前景。与其他经济类果树相比,酸角种质资源的保护和利用研究相对滞后,严重制约了酸角种质创新和遗传改良。本文首先从酸角的起源与分布、全球种质资源的收集与保存、繁殖生物学特性以及优良品种的常规选育等方面介绍了酸角种质资源及创新利用现状;随后通过对酸角形态学研究、生态因子对其形态变异的影响以及居群遗传多样性的研究,综合分析了酸角遗传多样性研究取得的进展,并概括了分子标记技术在酸角遗传多样性研究中的应用;最后对酸角种质资源研究中存在的问题、标准及规范进行探讨,并就进一步的保护和利用提出具体建议,以期为今后酸角种质资源保护和遗传改良研究提供参考依据。 相似文献
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综述了浙江省玉米种质资源收集、整理及甜、糯玉米种质资源的利用现状,提出了今后在种质资源保护与利用方面的重点发展方向。 相似文献
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农作物种质资源信息的数据建设对品种改良至关重要。本研究对我国收集保存的8 115份芝麻种质资源的基本信息、形态特征和生物学特性、品质特性、抗性等数据进行规范整理,以90 420条芝麻信息为数据来源,采用LMAP数据库技术构建了在线芝麻种质资源信息数据库http://www.sesame-bioinfo.org/phenotype/index.html。数据库主要功能包括芝麻种质资源信息浏览、信息检索及实物索取。本数据库的创建打破了传统纸质或综合性数据库存储芝麻种质资源信息的局限,有效解决芝麻种质资源数据保存分散,共享、交流、利用困难等问题,实现了芝麻资源数字化管理和交流,将极大促进资源的有效利用。 相似文献
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A qualitative and quantitative analysis of rutin from leaves, fruits and flowers of Capparis spinosa growing wild in Khuzestan was achieved. After soxhelet extraction of fats in diethyl ether, rutin was extracted by maceration using 50% EtOH. The ethanol extracts of these parts were separated by preparative TLC on silica gel precoated plate with a mixture of butanol: acetic acid (4:1, by volume) as the developing solvent. The spots were visualized under ultraviolet light (254 nm). Rutin was qualified by comparison of its R(f) value with that of standard. UV/Vis spectrum of separated rutin was also compared with those of standards and showed characteristic wavelengths at 260 and 360 nm. Purified rutin was quantified by UV/Vis spectrophotometric determination at 360 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.156-2.5 microg mL(-1) with detection limit of 0.0731 microg mL(-1). The purity of extracted rutin from leave, flower and fruit determined by high performance liquid chromatography were 90.41, 87.25 and 64.56%, respectively. The amounts of rutin in leaves, fruits and flowers were 61.09, 6.03 and 43.72 mg per 100 g of dried powder, respectively. By analyzing the spiked samples of leave, flower and fruit the recovery of the UV/Vis method was in the range of 102-107.6%. 相似文献
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Mariapia ArgentieriFrancesco Macchia Paride PapadiaFrancesco Paolo Fanizzi Pinarosa Avato 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):65-69
Aim of this study was to determine the content of bioactive phytochemicals in Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris (syn. C. orientalis), a less investigated species of caper and compare the chemical profile of this species with that of other studied Capparis sp. and especially with the related cultigen C. spinosa subsp. spinosa. Chemical composition of seed oil and glucosinolates, as well as of glucosinolates and flavonoids from the aerial parts of the plant have been determined and data reported here. Oil from the plant seeds is rich in unsaturated and rare lipids such as cis-vaccenic acid; the main glucosinolate is glucocapperin. The aerial parts are characterized by rutin as the dominant flavonoid. The overall phytochemical data obtained from the analysis of C. spinosa subsp. rupestris indicate that this species represents a very rich source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical relevance although the compositional profile does not differentiate this subspecies from C. spinosa subsp. spinosa. 相似文献
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Spinetoram is a fermentation insecticide, derived from the actinomycete Saccharopolyspora spinosa. It works by disrupting the GABA-gated chloride channels and by causing persistent activation of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of spinetoram for control of neonate larvae of both oriental fruit moth (OFM) Grapholita molesta (Busck) and codling moth (CM) Cydia pomonella (L.) in semi-field and laboratory trials. OFM and CM neonate larvae responded similarly to spinetoram, which showed high efficacy on both species. In semi-field experiments, regression analysis of the percentage of damaged fruits as a function of days after treatment showed a better performance of the highest spinetoram dose (10 g a.i./hl) in comparison with the maximum recommended field dose of the reference product emamectin benzoate (2.85 g a.i./hl). Surface-treated diet assays revealed LC50 values of 6.59 and 8.44 ng a.i./cm2 for neonate larvae of OFM and CM larvae, respectively. High percentages of mortality were recorded on both species after 24-h exposure to treated diet. For these reasons spinetoram could be considered a valuable tool in IPM strategies for OFM and CM control. 相似文献
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目的优化酸枣仁中总黄酮的提取工艺。方法利用分光光度计通过测定吸光度测定酸枣仁中总黄酮的含量,采用正交试验,优选酸枣仁中总黄酮最佳提取工艺。结果最佳提取工艺为加10倍量,70%的乙醇,提取1次,每次1h。结论建立的酸枣仁总黄酮含量的测定方法,该方法简单、快捷,重现性好,可用于酸枣仁的质量控制和定量分析。优选的方法可靠,重现性好,可用于提取酸枣仁中总黄酮。 相似文献
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摸清蒙自枇杷根腐病病株根际土壤真菌区系分布,为有效可持续防控枇杷根腐病提供理论依据。采用五点取样法采集土壤样品,稀释平板法在PDA培养基上分离纯化,获得114株枇杷根腐病病株根际土壤真菌,经显微镜形态鉴定。109株真菌鉴定为以下24种:Absidia corymbifera、Absidia cylindrospora、Absidia spinosa、Acremonium cerealis、Acremonium murorum、Aspergillus niger、Cladosporium cladosporioides、Colletotrichum dematium、Fusarium flocciferum、Mucor circinelloides f. janssenii、Mucor circinelloides f. wsitanicus、Penicillium atrovenetum、Penicillium canescens、 Penicillium chrysogenum、Penicillium corylophilum、Penicillium daleae、Penicillium digitatum、Penicillium nigricans、Penicillium oxalicum、Penicillium saceulum、Penicillium variabile、Pythium intermedium、Trichoderma strigosum、Verticillium fungicola,分属于11个属,其中青霉属(Penicillium)是优势属,另外5株真菌属于担子菌。 相似文献
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Nizar Tlili Abdelhamid Khaldi Saida Triki Sergi Munné-Bosch 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(3):260-265
Capparis spinosa shows strong resistance to the adverse Mediterranean conditions and it has nutritional and medicinal value. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the contents of total phenolic compounds, rutin, tocopherols, carotenoids and vitamin C in leaves and
flower buds of C. spinosa from different locations in Tunisia. Results showed the richness of caper with these compounds, especially phenolic compounds.
Interestingly, it was also found the presence of both α- and γ-tocopherol in buds. Moreover, C. spinosa contained an appreciable level of vitamin C. The significant amounts of these antioxidants confirm the nutritional and medicinal
value of caper. 相似文献
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V. Agarwal B. M. Chauhan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(2):161-167
Isoproteinous diets containing 1% cholesterol and 10% fibre derived from plant foods namely,peepalbanti (Ficus religiosa),barbanti (Ficus bengalensis),gullar (Ficus glomerata),teent (Capparis decidua) andkhejri beans (Prsopsis cineria) or pure cellulose, were fed to rats for 40 days. Effect of incorporation of these whole plant parts on feed intake, weight gain, feed efficiency ratio (FER), dry matter digestibility (DMD) and true protein digestibility (TPD) in weanling rats was studied. Their inclusion did not affect the weight gain significantly whereas all other parameters were influenced to a varying extent. Foods rich in lignin had relatively lower FER, DMD and TPD whereas cellulose and pectin rich foods had higher DMD and TPD. 相似文献
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A. Dewanji S. Chanda L. Si S. Barik S. Matai 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(4):349-357
In a study conducted on the extraction of protein from the leaves of 30 freshwater aquatic plants, the highest standing crop
fresh yield was found inTypha latifolia (2650g/m2). The Bio-Medical Data Processing (BMDP)K-means clustering program withK=2 showed that 11 of the 30 plants had a high protein nitrogen extractability as well as a high nitrogen content of the extracted
protein. Among these, leaf protein fromAllmania nodiflora had the highest content of crude protein (62.7%) and β-carotene (782.4 μg/g). Leaf protein prepared fromHygrophila spinosa, Ottelia alismoides andPolygonum barbatum had low in-vitro digestibility. The levels of alkaloids and polyphenols were lower in the extracted protein compared to that
present in the original leaf sample. 相似文献
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Vinti Agarwal B. M. Chauhan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1988,38(2):189-197
Dietary fibre content of foods namely,khejri beans (Prsopsis cinceria),peepalbanti (Ficus religiosa),barbanti (Ficus bengalensis),gullar (Ficus glomerata) andteent (Capparis decidua) varied from 38.5% to 55.7%. Cellulose and lignin were predominating constituents inpeepalbanti,barbanti andgullar; hemicellulose inteent and pectin inkhejri beans. Fibre from all these plant foods, fed at the 10% dietary level to rats, induced a greater resistance to hyperlipidemia than cellulose.Teent had the most pronounced hypocholesterolemic effect which appeared to operate through increased fecal excretion of cholesterol as well as bile acids. Dietary hemicellulose showed a significant negative correlation with serum and liver cholesterol and a significant positive correlation with fecal bile acids. The dietary fibre influenced total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids of the liver to varying extents. 相似文献