花粉囊介质花粉在烟草杂交制种上的应用

为节约纯花粉用量,降低种子成本,将云烟85,云烟87和K326的纯花粉分别与其花粉囊粉末按体积比2:1、1:1、1:2及1:3的比例均匀混合制备成花粉囊介质花粉,以纯花粉为对照,研究介质花粉对MS云烟85,MS云烟87和MSK326的坐果和种子质量的影响。结果表明：对于MS云烟85,MS云烟87和MSK326,按2:1比例制备成的介质花粉的授粉效果较其它处理好,坐果率、单果粒数、千粒重、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、平均发芽时间和单株产量与对照比未受影响,但花粉使用量节约了33.33%。结果说明,适宜的花粉囊介质花粉应用于烟草种子生产,能节约纯花粉用量,降低种子生产成本。     

白芨组培苗的播种技术研究

采用活性炭粉、面粉、琼脂粉等材料对白芨种子进行混匀稀释的方法,选用不同的混合比例设置多种对照进行播种并观察白芨种子萌发情况。结果表明,白芨种子和琼脂粉比例1∶3是最佳的混合配方。     

凉山州烤烟主推品种种苗特性研究

以凉山州当前烤烟主推品种为云烟85、云烟87和红花大金元为研究对象,从种子外观特征、萌发特性和生长特性作了研究,结果表明:千粒重、籽粒的长度和宽度均以云烟85为最高,但长宽比却以红花大金元最大,云烟87最小。种子萌发特性指标显示,红花大金元幼根长、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、简化活力指数都较高,表明种子活力较强。生长特性指标显示各品种间的烟草长势存在差异,长势最好的品种为云烟87,最差的为云烟85。     

转反义trxs基因小麦种子萌发过程中碳代谢的变化

为了揭示反义硫氧还蛋白基因（anti-trxs）在抗穗发芽小麦中的作用机制。以转反义 trxs 基因小麦株系为材料,对转基因株系和对照种子萌发过程中硫氧还蛋白h活性、淀粉酶活性、可溶性糖和淀粉含量进行了检测。结果表明,转基因小麦籽粒 trxh、α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性均显著低于对照;淀粉降解和可溶性糖生成速率明显下降。发芽1~5 d,转基因小麦种子trxh、α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性分别比对照下降24.5%、40.4%和23.0%;淀粉降解和可溶性糖生成速率分别比对照降低23.7%和23%。     

微波辅助制备颗粒状冷水可溶性淀粉的工艺研究

以玉米淀粉为原料,采用乙醇-碱法制备颗粒状冷水可溶性淀粉。研究乙醇体积分数、固液比、碱量、微波处理时间对颗粒状冷水可溶性淀粉溶解度的影响。通过单因素试验和正交试验得到最佳条件,即NaOH 30 mL,固液比1∶15,乙醇体积分数80%,微波处理时间4 min,此条件下制备的颗粒状冷水可溶性淀粉溶解度高达83.23%。     

抗坏血酸/瓜尔豆胶复合作用对玉米淀粉回生特性的影响

抗坏血酸与瓜尔豆胶按照一定的比例混合后,与适量的玉米淀粉配制成淀粉水溶液。充分糊化后,放置不同时间,测定并分析淀粉溶液在回生过程中溶液透光率、脱水率、结晶度及焓变等相关参数的变化情况。研究结果表明,抗坏血酸和瓜尔豆胶按不同比例混合,对淀粉的回生具有不同程度的抑制作用。在相同条件下,二者配比为2∶1时抑制效果最好。     

无矾粉丝的研制及加工工艺

以马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉及豌豆淀粉为主要原料,研究无矾粉丝生产工艺,并通过单因素试验对无矾粉丝的配方进行筛选。结果表明,4种淀粉的比例依次分别为5∶2∶3∶0,6∶2∶2∶0,不使用添加剂粉丝品质较好;淀粉比例为5∶3∶1∶1时,琼脂、海藻酸钠、魔芋粉添加量分别为0.6%,0.5%和0.2%,粉丝品质较高,生产成本较低。在纯马铃薯淀粉中加入低成本其他淀粉及合适添加剂,依然能生产出高品质的粉丝。     

草坪基质添加蟹壳粉对高羊茅种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

以高羊茅种子及幼苗为试材,研究了土壤中添加不同比例蟹壳粉对种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,旨在找到适宜的蟹壳粉添加比例.结果表明,添加蟹壳粉对高羊茅的种子萌发和根系生长有一定的抑制作用,3％和5％蟹壳粉处理抑制作用更为显著;而蟹壳粉对高羊茅的地上生长和种子活力指数表现为低浓度促进、高浓度抑制.当蟹壳粉添加量为1％时,高羊茅株高生长最快,地上鲜重、干重和种子活力较对照分别提高了67.99％、70.14％和137.95％.隶属函数综合分析表明,蟹壳粉对高羊茅种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响效果由大到小的顺序为:1％、ck、3％、5％.因此,利用蟹壳粉作为草皮基质填充材料时,以1％的添加比例较为适宜.     

He-Ne激光辐射对糯玉米种子的生物学效应

种子活力是检验种子质量高低的一项最重要的指标。采用苏糯一号玉米种子为材料,研究了He-Ne激光不同剂量以及不同照射时间对糯玉米种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、电导率、可溶性蛋白含量以及淀粉含量的影响。结果表明,采用13mA剂量的激光照射糯玉米种子50s能够明显的提高其种子活力,增加幼苗可溶性蛋白和淀粉的含量。     

黄皮种子萌发过程中的一些生理生化变化

黄皮种子在吸水萌发过程中,种子的发芽率和可溶性糖含量增加,淀粉的含量下降;异柠檬酸裂解酶、α-和β-淀粉酶的活性先上升,然后下降;10~(-2)～10ppm ABA处理种子,使种子活力增加,100ppm ABA明显地降低种子活力。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.