鸭疫巴氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

从郑州、信阳等地鸭场的发病或死亡鸭的脑、心血、肝、脾等中分离到3株革兰氏阴性小杆菌(HP1、HP2、HP3),经形态学检查、生化试验、血清学试验,三株分离菌被鉴定为I型鸭疫巴氏杆菌。药敏试验表明,分离株对蒽诺沙星等抗菌药物都较敏感。     

鸭疫巴氏杆菌的分离和鉴定

从开封地区鸭场发病鸭或病死鸭的脑、心血、肝、脾等脏器中分离到3株革兰氏阴性小杆菌(HP1、HP2、HP3),经形态学检查、生化试验、血清学试验,3株分离菌被鉴定为I型鸭疫巴氏杆菌.药敏试验表明,分离株对蒽诺沙星等抗菌药物都较敏感.     

珍珠鸡巴氏杆菌病的诊断与防治

2003年吉林省某经济动物养殖基地饲养的珍珠鸡,发生了以呼吸困难、哮喘、发热等为主要症状的疾病。通过临床症状观察、病理剖检和实验室检查,确诊为珍珠鸡巴氏杆菌病,同时采取了防治措施。结果表明,氯霉素和蒽诺沙星对珍珠鸡巴氏杆菌有很好的治疗效果。     

鸽源多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

从天门市某养鸽场采集发病鸽的心血、肝、肺等组织病料进行细菌的分离培养,并对分离的菌株进行生化鉴定、人工感染动物和药敏试验。结果显示,分离的病原体为多杀性巴氏杆菌,该菌株对蒽诺沙星、环丙沙星高度敏感,对氨苄青霉素、庆大霉素中度敏感,对氯霉素、青霉素、四环素和磺胺二甲嘧啶不敏感。     

雏鸡多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

从保定市某养鸡场发病死亡雏鸡采集了病料,通过微生物学的病原分离鉴定,最终确定病原体为禽多杀性巴氏杆菌.并用11种药物做了药敏试验,结果该鸡场分离的鸡多杀性巴氏杆菌除对蒽诺沙星、环丙沙星两种药物敏感,对氟派酸中介外,对其余的8种抗生素均产生耐药性.     

兽用复方制剂新沙星Ⅱ中烟酸诺氟沙星、二甲硝咪唑含量的测定

兽用复方制剂新沙星Ⅱ中烟酸诺氟沙星、二甲硝咪唑含量的测定廖雁平广东省兽药监察所广州５１０２３０新沙星Ⅱ为兽用水溶性复方制剂，主要含烟酸诺氟沙星、二甲硝咪唑等成分。用紫外分光光度法测定烟酸诺氟沙星时〔１〕，由于二甲硝咪唑的干扰，影响了含量测定。只有消除...     

肉牛多杀性巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏分析

为调查多杀性巴氏杆菌在河北省部分地区肉牛群中的流行情况,本课题组从规模化肉牛养殖场中采集患有呼吸道综合征的病牛鼻腔拭子进行细菌分离鉴定、荚膜血清分型、毒力基因检测、动物攻毒试验及药物敏感性分析。结果显示,从105份鼻腔拭子中共分离了25株多杀性巴氏杆菌;菌株荚膜分型均为A型,携带ptfA、exbB和nanH等多种毒力基因,LD_(50)显示多数菌株毒力较强;分离菌株对大多数药物敏感性较高,但对复方新诺明、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶和林可霉素药物耐药性较高,耐药率达到80%以上。     

42株禽巴氏杆菌特性的研究

从本省１８个鸡场、６个鸭场患禽出败病死禽中分离，鉴定４２株多杀性巴氏杆菌。按荧光分类Ｆｏ２７株，Ｆｇ６株，中间型９株。药敏试验，多数菌株对常用抗菌药耐药，仅对环丙沙星，蒽诺沙星等少数药敏感。对试验动物有很强毒力，以１０～１００个活菌对小鼠，５～５０个活菌对鸡，７０％以上菌株可致死亡。有５７％菌株对小鼠用鸡试验１９株７９％菌株对鸡有较好免疫原性。不同荧光菌株抗原对小鼠保护差异较大，具保护力菌株Ｆｏ为９０９％，Ｆｇ为６９％，中间型为２２％。采用本地菌株和标准菌株混合制苗３００多万羽份，用后获得良好免疫效果。     

强效百病清可溶性粉中双组份含量的检测

强效百病清可溶性粉含蒽诺沙星和乙酰甲喹等两种有效成份。为广谱抗菌药，可广泛应用于养兔、养鸡、养猪，主治鸡、兔、猪拉稀和呼吸系统疾病。蒽诺沙星含量测定方法采用非水溶液滴定法，乙酰甲喹含量测定方法采用紫外法。笔者根据强效百病清可溶性粉中两种组份者具有紫外吸收的性质，经试验，采用双波长等吸收分光光度法和单波长分光光度法，不经分离，分别测定各组份的含量。该法操作简便、快速、准确。     

氟喹诺酮类药物在养猪兽医临床上的应用

<正>1蒽诺沙星药理本品为动物专用的杀菌性广谱高效氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物。其抗菌作用独特,能抑制细菌DNA旋转酶、阻断DNA复制而发挥快速杀菌作用,其作用有明显的浓度依赖性,血药浓度大于8倍最小抑菌浓度(MIC)时,可发挥最佳疗效。对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、肺炎克雷伯氏杆菌、布氏杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌、胸膜肺炎放线杆菌、猪丹毒杆菌、变形杆菌、化脓性棒状杆菌、败血波氏杆菌、金葡菌、支原体、衣原体等均有良好作用,特别是对支原体有高效,     

Detection of antibodies against Pasteurella multocida using immunohistochemical staining in an outbreak of rabbit pasteurellosis

To detect serum antibody against Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) in infected rabbits. a modified immunoperoxidase assay was applied. An outbreak of P. multocida infection in rabbits started from sudden death. The infected rabbits had severe fibrinous and purulent pneumonia with hemorrhage, and a large number of P. multocida (A:12) was isolated from the trachea and lungs of the animals. Antibodies of IgM and IgG to P. multocida were assessed by immunohistochemical staining using the sera of the animals as primary antibodies and applying them to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of P. multocida attached to calf fibrin. IgM antibodies to P. multocida were first detected 7 days after the onset of the disease. IgG antibodies began to rise on the 7th or 14th day. These results suggested that the modified immunoperoxidase assay could detect antibodies against P. multocida.     

Relationships among Pasteurellaceae isolated from free ranging chickens and their animal contacts as determined by quantitative phenotyping, ribotyping and REA-typing

One hundred and forty-three Pasteurella spp. strains and 10 unclassified strains obtained from free ranging poultry, dogs and cats were investigated by extended phenotypic characterization. One hundred and forty-nine of these strains were selected for further studies using ribotyping and REA-typing to evaluate the role of dogs and cats in Pasteurella multocida transmission. Seven and six type strains were included for comparison in phenotyping and genotyping, respectively. Eleven clusters and six unclustered strains were revealed by phenotyping. Ribotyping outlined 12 clusters and six unclustered strains. A correlation between clusters obtained by phenotyping and ribotyping was demonstrated which indicated that a genetic basis exists for clusters outlined by quantitative evaluation of phenotypic data. Similarities and differences in hosts, phenotype, ribotype, and zone of isolation were demonstrated among Pasteurella strains investigated. Isolates of P. multocida from ducks were shown to be clonal by both phenotyping and ribotyping. These strains were identical to one of the chickens strains. REA-typing, however, showed that the chicken strain was different underlining that exchange of clones of P. multocida between avian species rarely happens under village conditions. Management practise in the villages suggest the potential for exchange of P. multocida between poultry and animals kept in contact. The present findings, however, did not indicate that clones of P. multocida are widely exchanged between poultry and other animal species, even though close contact exists. In the present investigation exchange of clones of P. multocida was only demonstrated among animals belonging to the same species. Caution is drawn to the use of ribotyping as the sole method for epidemiological typing and tracing of P. multocida. The present results also underline the importance of proper phenotyping in the identification of P. multocida and related species.     

Colonisation by Pasteurella multocida in atrophic rhinitis of pigs and immunity to the osteolytic toxin

Gnotobiotic pig antisera to purified toxoid from a capsule type A or D strain of Pasteurella multocida contained large quantities of antitoxin but comparatively little antibody to a crude lysate of P. multocida. These sera given intraperitoneally to further pigs were almost completely protective against turbinate atrophy after intranasal inoculation of dilute acetic acid and infection with type D toxigenic P. multocida. In contrast, antisera to a crude lysate or bacterin of toxigenic P. multocida which contained large titres of antibody to P. multocida lysate, but no detectable antitoxin, were not protective. Colonisation by toxigenic P. multocida was significantly reduced in protected pigs and was similar to colonisation by nontoxigenic P. multocida in pigs untreated or treated with dilute acetic acid. These results indicated (1) that antitoxin was protective and cross protective between toxins from different capsule types; and (2) that the toxin was the main colonisation factor produced by toxigenic bacteria in the acetic acid model of infection and that immunity to it did not eliminate infection.     

抗牛多杀性巴氏杆菌高免卵黄抗体IgY的制备及间接血凝检测方法的建立

本研究通过自制牛源荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌灭活菌苗免疫产蛋鸡,采用卡拉胶结合硫酸铵沉淀法提取卵黄抗体IgY,并采用间接血凝方法检测抗体效价。结果表明,抗原致敏红细胞的最佳浓度是800μg/mL,免疫后第7周抗体效价达到高峰,效价为1：1024,高效价持续5周开始下降,测定提取的IgY浓度为8.258mg/mL,无菌检测及动物安全性实验表明制备的卵黄抗体安全可靠。本研究制备了抗牛多杀性巴氏杆菌卵黄抗体,为防治由荚膜血清A型多杀性巴氏杆菌所致的犊牛肺炎提供了新的手段。     

恩诺沙星在健康及巴氏杆菌感染鸡体内的药物代谢动力学研究

健康及巴氏杆菌感染鸡 (10CFUC4 8- 1多杀性巴氏杆菌 /只鸡 ,im)按 5mg/kg恩诺沙星单次im后 ,采用反相高效液相色谱法检测用药后不同时间点的血浆药物浓度。结果表明 ,恩诺沙星在健康及巴氏杆菌感染鸡体内的消除均符合二室开放模型。巴氏杆菌感染可显著加速鸡体内恩诺沙星的消除 ,推测可能与感染鸡体内巴氏杆菌裂解后产生的内毒素有关。内毒素可刺激骨髓产生大量白细胞 ,而恩诺沙星又恰恰能在吞噬细胞中富集 ,且在富集后可迅速向周围炎性组织中释放 ,因此导致血中药物浓度下降。提示在应用恩诺沙星预防、治疗细菌性疾病时 ,利用其在健康鸡体内的药物动力学参数指导临床用药 ,有时是不适宜的。     

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae increases the susceptibility of pigs to experimental Pasteurella multocida pneumonia.

The interaction between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in experimental pneumonia was investigated in conventional pigs. The experimental animals were 49 days old when inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae; they were inoculated with P. multocida after 23 days, and killed 13 days later. In pigs inoculated only with P. multocida, clinical signs and lung lesions were not observed, and the agent was not recovered. Pigs inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae developed fever, moderate cough and dyspnea which tended to disappear, and small proliferative lung lesions from which M. hyopneumoniae was isolated. Pigs inoculated with both agents had higher fever, severe cough and dyspnea which tended to aggravate, and extensive exudative lung lesions from which organisms were isolated. All animals had similar growth rates, but the group infected with both agents consumed 60% more food. Therefore, M. hyopneumoniae causes mild pneumonia, whereas P. multocida is not pathogenic alone but aggravates the pneumonia initiated by M. hyopneumoniae.     

D型多杀性巴氏杆菌和绵羊肺炎支原体引起山羊的混合感染

2018年9月广西某羊场部分山羊发生流涕、咳嗽、呼吸困难和体温升高等临床症状的疾病,为确诊发病原因并提供治疗方案,采用病原分离培养、PCR扩增鉴定的方法进行诊断,并对分离菌进行生化鉴定、致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,病料在血平板有圆形的小菌落生长,革兰阴性小球短杆菌,而在PPLO培养基上不生长;病料的PCR扩增结果显示绵羊肺炎支原体和多杀性巴氏杆菌均为阳性;所分离到的病原菌经生化鉴定,该菌符合多杀性巴氏杆菌的特性;用多杀性巴氏杆菌种属和D型多杀性巴氏杆菌特异性引物扩增为阳性;致病性试验显示该菌对小鼠有很强的致病性;药敏试验显示该菌对头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、氧氟沙星高度敏感,对复方新诺明、强力霉素、红霉素、青霉素为耐药。结果表明该病是由绵羊肺炎支原体和D型多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染引起。     

Hemorrhagic septicemia in fallow deer (Dama dama) caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida.

Four outbreaks of hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Pasteurella multocida multocida occurred in a population of 1,800 fallow deer (Dama dama) during 1992-1996. A total of 340 fallow deer were submitted for postmortem examination. Pasteurellosis was diagnosed in 273 of 312 deer suspected of having septicemia. Pasteurella multocida was isolated from 257 animals, and the diagnosis was based on typical pathologic changes alone in the other 16 animals. Pasteurella multocida was isolated in pure culture from 219 of 248 samples of cerebrospinal fluid. Eighteen animals were observed moribund with severe depression, foamy nasal discharge, and respiratory distress, and 257 were found dead. Major clinical signs and pathologic changes included extensive swelling of the head and the neck and peracute or acute septic pneumonia, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages on serous membranes, and severely hemorrhagic adrenal glands and abomasum. Rhinitis and necrotic pharyngeal mucosae were common. Histologically, the most advanced lesions were in the nasal mucosa and pharynx. The swelling of the head and the neck arose from a diffuse cellulitis in the subcutaneous and intermuscular tissues. The earliest lesions in the lungs included large numbers of bacteria in the pulmonary capillaries, but various degrees of fibrinous exudation to the alveoli and infiltration with heterophils usually were observed.     

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA and phenotypic typing of Zimbabwean isolates of Pasteurella multocida

Eighty-one isolates presumptively identified as Pasteurella multocida from a variety of diseases in animals in Zimbabwe were subjected to biochemical characterization, capsular typing and RAPD analysis. The majority of isolates (over 80%) were assigned into named taxa and were predominantly P. multocida subsp. multocida and P. multocida subsp. septica, whilst the remainder were unassigned. Serogroup A was predominant among the three capsular types (A, B and D) of P. multocida detected. Three main RAPD clusters and three subclusters were observed among the majority of isolates (93.8%), whilst the remainder was found to be weakly related. Nine different groups of strains with similar RAPD profiles (100% similarity) were also observed. The reference strain of capsular serogroup F clustered with the reference strain of P. multocida subsp. septica, whilst all other serogroups clustered with reference strains of subsp. multocida and gallicida. Notably, serogroups A and D were observed to be closely related to the reference strain of subsp. multocida. The relationship between biotype, capsular type, host origin and disease manifestation was not clear-cut. However, most pig isolates of subsp. multocida clustered together as did most cattle isolates of subsp. multocida. RAPD tended to separate subsp. multocida from septica.     

Resistance plasmids of Pasteurella multocida isolated from turkeys

From 1940 through 1978, fifty-eight strains of Pasteurella multocida (serotype 3) were isolated from turkeys throughout the United States and were examined for R-plasmids. Forty-one of the isolates contained plasmid DNA, of which 7 isolates were found to encode resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, and sulfonamides, or to streptomycin and sulfonamides. The R-plasmids were 2 to 10 megadaltons, nonconjugal, and contained a moles percent guanine plus cytosine ratio in the range of 57 to 61. The R-plasmids did not belong to any of the 19 incompatibility groups evaluated, including Inc Q. Digestion with restriction endonuclease indicated that 2 of the plasmids from P multocida isolated in 1960 and 1962 were identical, whereas 4 of the 5 plasmids obtained from P multocida isolated after 1966 were identical, with the 5th plasmid closely related to the other 4. The results indicated that R-plasmids were not widely dispersed among P multocida (serotype 3) isolated from turkeys in the United States. The nontransmissible nature of these plasmids was probably the major reason for their lack of dissemination.