共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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菊芋、蘘荷引入贵州省兴义市有近百年的历史,长期以来均是在田边地头零星粗放种植,产量很低。近年来,利用菊芋、蘘荷腌制、泡制的特色小菜受到消费者的欢迎,其产品由自产自销走向外省市,为农民增加了收入。由于菊芋、蘘荷栽培面积小,产量低﹙每667 m2 菊芋为1 200~1 500 kg,蘘荷为420~600kg﹚,市场供不应求。为了提高菊芋与蘘荷的品质和产量,笔者在兴义市的白碗窑镇下抹村、马岭镇乌拉村进行菊芋与蘘荷间作栽培,种植面积分别为1 025 m2和852m2,历时五年﹙一个周期三年轮换1 次﹚探索出菊芋与蘘荷间作优质高产高效栽培技术,菊芋和蘘荷的产量和产值大幅度提高:每667 m2 菊芋产量2 200~2 500 kg,蘘荷产量800~1 000 kg,菊芋每千克2.0~3.0 元,蘘荷每千克4.0~6.0 元,年收入5 000~8 000 元。 相似文献
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菊芋是青海高原的特色经济作物,地上部秸秆生物量大,为解决其综合利用问题,将发酵完全的菊芋、小麦、油菜及玉米的秸秆复配羊粪、商品基质土、蛭石和珍珠岩作为辣椒的栽培基质,采用槽式无土栽培,通过对辣椒不同时期生长情况的监测来分析作物秸秆对辣椒生长、品质及产量的影响。结果表明,添加作物秸秆对辣椒生长、品质及产量都有正向影响,尤其是添加了菊芋秸秆的栽培基质在株高、茎粗、株幅等生长指标中都优于对照,果实的可溶性总糖、维生素C含量也都高于其他处理,有效增加了辣椒生物量,提升了果实品质,并且辣椒产量较对照增加了3%~5%。综合试验结果,添加菊芋秸秆可以提高辣椒的生物量、果实品质和产量。 相似文献
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菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)块茎作为生物乙醇和菊粉产业的主要原材料,研究提高菊芋块茎生物产量和品质成为学者们关注的热点问题。通过营养期对菊芋进行断根处理,探讨生长速率和各器官物质积累速率对断根的响应情况,以期为菊芋块茎高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明:断根有效地提高了块茎膨胀高峰期(9月21日至10月20日)的物质积累速率,能够有效地提高块茎产量;叶片、茎秆和花的物质积累速率随着断根时间的延长呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,其中叶片物质积累速率的升高,也是断根提高菊芋块茎产量的主要原因;重度断根处理(20cm)条件下菊芋生长速率呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,其它各断根处理对菊芋生长速率没有显著改变。 相似文献
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为研发一种环保节能、成本低廉的菊芋漂浮育苗基质,找到菊芋育苗的关键影响因子和参数,采用锯末、珍珠岩、菌渣、谷壳等废弃物作为混合基质进行菊芋块茎漂浮育苗试验。结果表明:育苗基质配方2对菊芋单株株高、最大叶宽、茎粗、叶片数、鲜质量具有极显著促进效果。菊芋育苗的关键在于培育强大的根系,增加叶宽。钙和铁对总根数和最大叶宽直接效应极显著。钙增加1%,总根数增加19.450根;铁增加1%,总根数减少20.202根。回归分析表明菊芋育苗获得强大的根系时最佳总钙为0.2880%,最佳总铁为1.3118%。 相似文献
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菊芋秸秆对连作番茄幼苗生长及根结线虫的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以5种不同品种菊芋秸秆(‘J04’‘J06’‘J01’‘J13’‘J15’)为研究对象,以番茄为试材,采用盆栽方法,研究了不同品种菊芋秸秆对连作番茄幼苗生长及根结线虫的影响,以期筛选出利于番茄生长及防治根结线虫的优良菊芋品种。结果表明:番茄连作土中添加菊芋秸秆后,前期(30d)番茄幼苗生长受到抑制,后期表现为促进番茄幼苗生长。不同品种的菊芋秸秆对番茄幼苗生长影响不同,J13和J04处理番茄长势最好,其次是J01、J06、J15。不同品种的菊芋秸秆对于根结线虫虫卵孵化及二龄幼虫均有抑制作用,J13、J04、J06秸秆浸提液对虫卵孵化抑制效果较好,J06和J13对于根结线虫抑杀效果最好,J01对于根结线虫的抑杀效果最弱。综上,J13可作为菊芋秸秆新型开发利用及防治番茄连作障碍的参考材料。 相似文献
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Weed management systems often seek biological solutions to minimize the environmental impacts related to the use of herbicides in agricultural systems. The suppressive effects of allelochemicals can sometimes be used effectively to provide biological pest and weed control. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) has been reported to be a highly invasive weed in European cropping systems, but this plant is also gaining interest as a cultivated crop in Italy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Jerusalem artichoke and its extracts upon the germination and growth of seedling weeds and crops. HPLC coupled to MS was used for identification of the compounds associated with the observed growth inhibition. The weed suppressive activity of local biotypes of Jerusalem artichoke on weed growth and establishment was also evaluated in a field experiment. Shoot extracts of the cultivar Fuseau were consistently most inhibitory to germination and seedling growth of lettuce, particularly the diethyl ether extract. Solvent partitioning of the aqueous extracts of dried artichoke shoots resulted in greater inhibition in comparison to the aqueous extract itself. The diethyl ether extract provided 2-fold greater growth inhibition, in comparison to the aqueous extract, at concentrations of less than 0.5 mg extract per Petri dish. HPLC MS evaluation of the diethyl ether extract led to the identification of salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid), and the closely related compound p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, as well as minor quantities of o-coumarinic acid and coumarin in the active fraction inhibiting lettuce seedling growth. Field observations provided further evidence for the allelopathic potential of H. tuberosus residues, as significant weed growth inhibition was observed in Jerusalem artichoke-infested plots with soil-incorporated residues in comparison to non-infested field sites, both in terms of weed seedling emergence and growth. The allelopathic potential of H. tuberosus may be of interest in the implementation of integrated weed management programmes by considering the suppressive ability of this plant and its residues for weed management in the field. 相似文献
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以“青芋2号”和“青芋3号”菊芋为试材,研究了整个生长周期内菊芋不同器官中以果聚糖为主的碳水化合物含量变化动态特征以及在各器官的分配情况.结果表明:苗期叶、茎中果聚糖含量和总量增加迅速,主要贮存在叶中;植株迅速生长期和块茎形成期叶、茎中果聚糖含量呈起伏变化;全株果聚糖积累总量呈持续上升趋势,主要贮存在叶和茎中;开花期叶、茎中的果聚糖含量和积累总量先后达到全生育期的最高值,并完成果聚糖从叶片向茎的转运;块茎内含量稳定,积累总量增加缓慢;果聚糖主要贮存在茎内;块茎膨大期,全株的果聚糖积累量增加缓慢,以植株内部转运为主,果聚糖开始迅速从茎向块茎分配,到生育期末,全株果聚糖70%分配到块茎. 相似文献