不同氮素浓度处理对彩椒生长及几项生理指标的影响

通过研究不同浓度的氮素水平处理对无土基质培彩椒生长及几项生理指标的影响,以确定甜椒的最佳氮素施用浓度,为今后的甜椒生产的合理施用氮素提供科学的参考依据.结果表明:氮素含量极大影响了彩椒植株的生长和产量,氮素施用水平为5～15 μmol/L范围内,适量增施氮肥有利于增产,彩椒的最佳氮素施用浓度为15 μmol/L.当氮素施用量过低(2.5 μmol/L)和过高(20μmol/L)时对彩椒植株的生长不利.     

生长调节剂对唐菖蒲继代培养中芽形成的影响

研究不同种类、不同浓度的生长调节剂对唐菖蒲继代培养中芽形成的影响,结果表明:生长调节剂对继代芽的增殖有较大的影响.在MS培养基中添加细胞分裂素(6-BA或KT)时,在0.5～2.0 mg/L的浓度范围内均能促进芽的增殖,其中6-BA(或KT)单独使用时最佳浓度为1.0mg/L,6-BA对芽的增殖效果明显优于KT;生长素(NAA或IBA)单独使用能促进芽的生长,其适宜浓度为0.1 mg/L;生长素与细胞分裂素配合使用有利于不定芽的增殖,其最佳培养基组合为6-BA 1.0 NAA 0.1.     

萘乙酸对绿豆芽形态和品质的影响

以绿豆为试材,以自来水为对照,研究了不同浓度(10-5、10-6、10-7、10-8、10-9 mol/L)的萘乙酸(NAA)溶液对绿豆芽形态和品质的影响。结果表明:在形态方面,以10-6 mol/L NAA培养液处理对胚根生长促进效果最好,以10-8 mol/L NAA培养液处理对下胚轴生长促进效果最好;在品质方面,从绿豆芽蛋白质含量来看,对照和10-5 mol/L NAA培养液处理效果最佳;从绿豆芽维生素C含量来看,10-7 mol/L NAA培养液处理效果最佳。     

唐菖蒲鲜切花保鲜剂的研究

对唐菖蒲(Gladiodusgandavensis)切花保鲜剂及其浓度进行筛选试验,从处理后瓶插寿命、水分平衡值、鲜重变化及观赏值等指标综合考虑,700 mg/L(毫克/升)的柠檬酸、250 mg/L(毫克/升)的硫酸铝和500 mg/L(毫克/升)的8-HQ(8-羟基喹啉)有最佳的处理效果.硝酸银溶液使切花花茎基部褐化,不宜作唐菖蒲切花保鲜剂.     

正交试验设计在建立杜鹃花RAPD-PCR反应体系中的应用

利用正交试验对影响RAPD-PCR反应体系的各种因素进行研究,从而建立适合杜鹃花RAPD反应的最佳反应体系,最终选择杜鹃基因组RAPD-PCR的最佳扩增反应体系,即模板DNA 80ng、随机引物0.5μmol/L、dNTPs 1.1mmol/L、MgCl2 2.5mmol/L,1.2μmol/LTag-DNA聚合酶,buffer 2μL,总反应体系20μL.试验设计的6个因子、5个水平中,Mg2 、dNTPs和引物的浓度是主要因子,其中Mg2 的浓度对试验的影响最大,dNTPs和引物浓度在较低的水平就可满足需要,高浓度并没有显著提高试验效果.     

青霉素对百日草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以百日草种子为试材,分别采用浓度为0(CK)、100、200、300、400、500mol/L的青霉素溶液对百日草种子进行浸种处理,种子萌发期间测定种子发芽指标(发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数)和幼苗生长指标(芽长、根长、鲜重、侧根数),旨在研究青霉素对百日草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:随着浓度的增加,百日草种子发芽指标及幼苗生长指标均先上升后下降。200、300mol/L浓度的青霉素溶液均能显著提高百日草种子的发芽势、发芽率和活力指数;各处理均能使百日草幼苗根长和鲜重显著增加;青霉素浓度为300mol/L时,除发芽指数外,其它各项发芽指标和幼苗生长指标均与对照呈极显著差异。表明一定浓度的青霉素溶液对百日草种子的萌发及幼苗生长有促进作用,以青霉素浓度为300mol/L时效果最佳。     

糙皮侧耳中鸟苷-5′-二磷酸-3′-二磷酸的含量变化及其对菌丝生长的影响

采用HPLC法测定糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)菌丝和子实体中鸟苷-5′-二磷酸-3′-二磷酸(ppGpp)的含量以及不同浓度对菌丝生长的影响。结果表明:从菌丝生长的满袋期至子实体发育的原基期、珊瑚期,菌丝中ppGpp含量显著增加。与珊瑚期相比,成型期、幼菇期和成熟期菌丝中的ppGpp含量显著降低。成熟子实体中未测出ppGpp。在PDA培养基中,低浓度的ppGpp(0.82~3.28μmol/L)对菌丝生长有促进作用,高浓度的ppGpp(6.56μmol/L)对菌丝生长无影响。     

脂氧合酶对唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大的影响

为探讨脂氧合酶(LOX-1)对唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大的影响,以'Rose Supreme'和'Advanced Red'两个品种为试材,研究了籽球的生长发育与LOX-1活性,内源茉梨酸甲酯(MJ)、蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素含量变化之间的关系。结果表明,唐菖蒲叶片中测不到LOX-1活性,匍匐茎中LOX-1活性和内源MJ含量最高,籽球数量较多的品种'Rose Supreme'LOX-1活性和MJ含量显著高于'Advanced Red',说明LOX-1在唐菖蒲籽球形成和膨大过程中起着重要作用,其作用途径可能是通过影响茉莉酸类化合物(JAs)的生物合成对籽球的发生和生长进行调控。在唐菖蒲籽球生长发育过程中,新球和籽球中蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素含量都不同程度升高,并且与LOX-1活性呈正相关,说明蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素对唐菖蒲新球和籽球的形成和膨大起着重要作用。     

唐菖蒲种球种植期对匍匐茎和子球生长发育的影响

 研究了唐菖蒲栽培品种‘Traderhorn’和‘Advanced Red’露地栽培条件下, 不同种植期匍匐茎和子球的生长发育规律。结果表明: 匍匐茎由新球基部鞘叶叶腋间的腋芽发育而来, 在植株4～6 叶期花序抽出前形成, 新球中部茎节匍匐茎生长最佳; 种植90～110 d 后匍匐茎顶端膨大形成子球。5 月底种植有利于子球数量和质量的增加。     

水杨苷异羟肟酸和茉莉酸甲酯对唐菖蒲试管结球的影响

为探讨水杨苷异羟肟酸(SHAM)和茉莉酸甲酯(MJ)对唐菖蒲试管结球的影响,以'Rose Supreme'的籽球为外植体,研究了不同处理球茎内可溶性蛋白、内源MJ、碳水化合物(蔗糖、淀粉和纤维素)含量、脂氧合酶(LOX-1)、抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、POD和APX)活性和LOX同工酶变化与试管结球之间的关系。结果表明：与对照相比,SHAM处理使结球时间明显推迟,结球率、球茎鲜样质量和直径降低;可溶性蛋白含量、LOX-1活性和MJ含量显著降低,LOX同工酶谱带变弱,并有2条同工酶带逐渐消失;抗氧化酶活性和碳水化合物含量降低。而MJ处理后上述指标均不同程度上调,0.5mmol·L^-1为测试浓度范围内促进唐菖蒲试管结球的最佳浓度。以上试验结果说明SHAM对唐菖蒲试管结球起抑制作用,而MJ有明显的促进作用,可能通过外施MJ提高了LOX活性及内源MJ含量,调动碳水化合物的积累,增加抗氧化酶的活性,从而对球茎的发生和生长进行调控。     

Some factors affecting the in vitro propagation of gladiolus

Callus tissue cultures have been established from the excised segments of the inflorescence, flower stalks, denuded flower, bract, perianth and leaf segments of 2 cultivars of Gladiolus grandiflorus. Of all the explants and the media tested, the best callus was obtained from the segments of the flower stalks, cultured on a basal medium supplemented with naphthalene acetic acid and kinetin. The callus mostly underwent rhizogenesis, and occasionally differentiated shoots. Complete plants were regenerated from the in vitro cultured cormels, cormel tips and the axillary buds, and 6 plants were formed from the segments of 1 cormel, whereas in nature only 1 plant is obtained per cormel. Cultured young anthers callused and developed leaf-like petaloid structures, and occasionally showed multicellular pollen.     

异源表达唐菖蒲GhOPR3 提高了拟南芥的抗逆性

 通过RT-PCR 与RACE 技术从唐菖蒲（Gladiolus hybridus）品种‘Rose Supreme’球茎中克 隆茉莉酸生物合成途径中的关键酶——12–氧–植物二烯酸还原酶（12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductase， OPR）基因的1 489 bp 全长cDNA 序列，quantitative RT-PCR 结果表明，GhOPR3 在唐菖蒲叶、花、根、 匍匐茎、新球茎和籽球中都表达，其中在籽球和匍匐茎中相对表达量较高；0.1 ~ 0.5 mmol · L-1 的茉莉酸 甲酯（Methyl jasmonate，MJ）处理后，提高了GhOPR3 在球茎中的表达量和内源MJ 含量；采用农杆菌 介导侵染拟南芥花粉，进行GhOPR3 基因的过表达分析，过表达拟南芥株系较野生型提高了耐盐性和抗 旱性；提高了机械损伤后相关基因的表达水平和内源MJ 含量。     

唐菖蒲茉莉酸生物合成关键酶基因LOX1的克隆及表达分析

 以唐菖蒲（Gladiolus hybridus）品种‘Rose Supreme’的球茎为试材,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆到了一个全长为2 797 bp的茉莉酸（Jasmonic acid,JA）生物合成关键酶LOX基因的cDNA序列,命名为GhLOX1,属于9-LOX。该序列含有一个2 541 bp的开放阅读框（ORF）,编码846个氨基酸,推导的蛋白质分子量为94.90 kD。RT-PCR表达分析表明,该基因在唐菖蒲叶、花、根、匍匐茎、新球茎和籽球上都表达,而在叶和匍匐茎中表达量最高,在花和籽球中表达量较低;离体条件下,经过0、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mmol · L^-1的不同浓度梯度的水杨酸（SA）处理后,其表达水平随着浓度的升高而降低,当SA浓度达到2.0 mmol · L-1时没有表达。     

The relation between method of propagation,plant density and growth,mineral uptake and yield of dasheen (Colocasia antiquorum, Schott.)

Two field experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of method of propagation (including two proposed new methods) and plant density on the growth, mineral uptake and yield of dasheen (Colocasia antiquorum, Schott.).Planting different pieces of “seed” resulted in a higher percentage germination, higher percentage efficiency of solar energy conversion and better growth characters of the plant, in the order: cormel, apical, half-apical, corm piece and quarter-apical piece, respectively.Increasing the plant density decreased the growth characters of the plant and increased the percentage efficiency of solar energy conversion.The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations were not affected by types of dasheen seeds, whereas the absolute amount per plant followed the same pattern of change as the dry matter content.Distance between plants had no statistically significant effect on the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plant tissues. However, the absolute amounts of these minerals per plant decreased as the plant population was increased.Planting with the cormel resulted in the highest total yield. However, the difference in total yield between planting with the apical and half-apical pieces was not statistically significant. A similar situation was found when planting with quarter-apical and corm pieces. Therefore, it is recommended that the apical piece is cut into two equal halves in order to use a given amount of apicals to reduce the corm pieces when planting.Increasing the plant population, by reducing the distance between plants from 45 to 30 cm, resulted in an increased yield per hectare. However, reducing the distance between plants to 15 cm resulted in a decrease in yield.     

果用香蕉薄片外植体植株再生的研究

 利用薄片培养方法, 通过直接和间接器官发生途径分别获得了‘广东631’香蕉的再生植株。该途径受多种因素影响。通过正交试验和单因子试验确定了最佳培养条件: (1)直接器官发生培养基为Ma (MS modified) + BAP 10μmol/L + KT 50μmol/L + IAA 1μmol/L ; (2)愈伤组织诱导培养基为Mb (B₅ modified) + Dicamba 10μmol/L + IAA 1μmol/L + 2 ,4-D 0. 7μmol/L + NAA 0. 5μmol/L + BAP 4. 4μmol/L + 活性炭1 g/L ; (3) 愈伤组织继代培养基为Mb + Dicam-ba 5μmol/L + IAA 1μmol/L + 2 ,4-D 0. 4μmol/L + BAP 22μmol/L + KNO₃ 500 mg/L + 维生素B₁ 40 mg/L + 活性炭0. 5 g/L ; (4) 分化培养基为1/ 2 Ma + BAP 1μmol/L + IAA 0. 5μmol/L + 活性炭1 g/L ; (5) 成苗培养基为Ma + BAP 1μmol/L + KT 4. 6μmol/L + NAA 1μmol/L。愈伤组织诱导和继代培养需在黑暗中进行。     

Inhibitory effect of IGF-1 overexpression on oxidative damage in umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

AIM: To analyze the inhibitory effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) overexpression in umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) on oxidative damage and to develop new application model for UC-MSCs. METHODS: UC-MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord with enzymatic digestion, and further characte-rized with flow cytometry. IGF-1-overexpressing UC-MSCs (UC-MSCs-IGF-1) were established by retrovirus infection. IGF-1 expression of UC-MSCs-IGF-1 was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR and flow cytometry, and its surface markers, as well as osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation ability, were further analyzed. The proliferation, anti-oxidative damage and anti-apoptosis abilities of UC-MSCs-IGF-1 were evaluated when treated with H₂O₂ at different concentrations (0 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L). RESULTS: UC-MSCs showed positive expression of CD29, CD90 and CD105, but negative expression of CD34, which coincided with the normal phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells. UC-MSCs-IGF-1 established with retrovirus infection showed much higher expression of IGF-1 compared with normal UC-MSCs, and expressed the same surface markers as UC-MSCs.The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation abilities were also observed. With the oxidative damage by H₂O₂ treatment, UC-MSCs-IGF-1 showed more strong proliferation, anti-oxidative damage and anti-apoptosis abilities as compared with normal UC-MSCs. In addition, the activity of SOD in UC-MSCs-IGF-1 was a little higher than that in control group. CONCLUSION: IGF-1 overexpression in UC-MSCs inhibits oxidative damage and cell apoptosis. UC-MSCs-IGF-1 may have more advantagies in clinical application.     

过量磷对菜心植株生长和产量及品质的影响

采用营养液水培法,研究过量磷对菜心(Brassica parachinensis)植株生长、产量和品质的影响.结果表明:与正常磷浓度处理(1 mmol/L H2PO4-)比较,3～7mmol/L H2P04-处理植株生物量和产量均显著降低,5和7 mmol/L H2PO4-处理植株根冠比显著增加;随着磷浓度的增加,菜薹表皮花色苷含量和菜薹可溶性糖含量逐渐增加,菜薹硝酸盐含量逐渐降低,三者与营养液磷浓度均呈显著线性关系.     

Function of gap junction in NRK52E cells exposed to bilirubin combined with lipopolysaccharide

AIM: To observe the effect of bilirubin (BR) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the growth and gap junction of NRK52E cells. METHODS: NRK52E cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of bilirubin combined with lipopolysaccharide. The growth of NRK52E cells was measured by MTT method. The function of gap junction in NRK52E cells was determined by the method of fluoroimmunoassay. RESULTS: BR promoted the growth of NRK52E cells in a dose-dependent manner from 17.1 μmol/L to 513 μmol/L but inhibited it at more than 513 μmol/L. LPS inhibited the growth of NRK52E cells in a dose-dependent manner from 10-1 000 μg/L. Under the condition of BR combined with LPS at 100 μg/L, BR at 513 μmol/L increased the growth of NRK52E cells while BR at 684 μmol/L decreased the growth of the cells (P<0.05). Combined with LPS at 100 μg/L, BR at 513 μmol/L increased the permeability of the gap junction (P<0.05), while BR at 684 μmol/L decreased the permeability of the gap junction. CONCLUSION: BR at a low concentration (513 μmol/L) decreases, and BR at a high concentration (684 μmol/L) increases the toxicity of LPS on NRK52E cells by affecting the function of gap junctions in the cells.