鳗鲡脂肪酸组成和胆固醇含量分析

对日本鳗鲡（Anguilla japonica）、欧洲鳗鲡（Anguilla anguilla）及其制品烤鳗进行胆固醇、脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成分析。结果表明，鳗鲡的胆固醇含量与其他鱼类接近，日本鳗鲡和欧洲鳗鲡及其烤鳗制品的胆固醇质量比分别为0.852、0.832mg/g和1.15、1.12mg/g。鳗鲡各食用部位中除腹部的胆固醇较高外，其他部位没有明显差异。鳗鲡的脂肪质量分数16％-24％，日本鳗鲡和欧洲鳗鲡高度不饱和脂肪酸质量分数分别为18.9％和19.0％，EPA DHA质量比分别为22.66mg/g和29.27mg/g。     

不同温度与饵料浓度下菲律宾蛤仔的能量收支

在静水系统中测定了实验条件下菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)的摄食率、吸收率、耗氧率和排泄率等生理指标;研究了软体部干重、温度和饵料浓度对菲律宾蛤仔最小碳需求量(WMCR)和能量收支的影响;建立了不同温度及饵料浓度下菲律宾蛤仔的能量收支方程。结果表明：最小碳需求量随个体软体部干重的增加而增加,温度越高其增加速率越快;软体部干重对生长效率没有显著的影响。温度通过影响耗氧率而显著影响单位软体部干重的最小碳需求量。在9—22℃范围内,菲律宾蛤仔的生长余力(SFG)随温度和饵料浓度的升高而增加,在较低温度和饵料浓度下蛤仔的SFG均出现负值。在能量收支方程中摄食能随温度变化显著,而呼吸耗能随温度的变化不明显。     

低温对菲律宾蛤仔能量收支的影响

在实验室内采用静水法，测定了在315和8℃下，菲律宾蛤仔的耗氧率和排氨率与体重的关系及其能量收支情况。实验数据显示，在实验的温度范围内，菲律宾蛤仔的耗氧率和排氨率都与体重负相关；温度对耗氧率的影响与体重有关。摄食率、生长率（净生长率、毛生长率）与温度正相关。温度对能量分配影响较大，代谢分配率、排粪分配率随温度的升高而降低，且变化极其显著（P＜0.01)；生长分配率随温度的升高而增大。在能量收支方程中，排粪能所占比例较大，在41.131%-60.69%之间，代谢能在23.37%－32.73%之间，生长能在6.13%-34.63%之间，排泄能所占的比例最小，低于3％。     

The Variations in Proximate Chemical Composition and Fatty Acid Profile in Different Parts of the Thornback Ray (Raja clavata) Caught from Black Sea,Turkey

Proximate chemical composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of different parts and sexes of ray (Raja clavata) were compared. The proximate values of liver samples significantly differed from other body parts (p < 0.05). Pectoral fin had the highest moisture, protein, and ash contents (78.6, 20.5, and 1.2%, respectively). The highest fat content (39.7%) was observed for liver samples. A significant variation was also observed between sexes in terms of proximate and FA values (p < 0.05). The levels of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) varied between 27.1–32.1, 14.9–19.0, and 34.3–39.5%, respectively, in total fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The highest total PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) values were observed in the edible portion of liver for both sexes due to high contents of fat, despite the low values of % total FAME in comparison with other body parts. Significant variations among FA levels were observed for different body parts (p < 0.05). The highest DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) values were found in the edible portion of the liver and calculated as 6.8 and 2.3 g/100 g, respectively, indicating the importance of utilizing the liver of this species.     

Fatty acid and proximate composition of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) muscle with regard to plasma lipids

The composition of tail muscle fatty acids from wild and cultured bluefin tuna reared on a diet based on herring and sardine, along with the plasma lipid profile of the farmed individuals, was determined. The total lipid content of farmed bluefin in this study was 0.922 g/100 g or 3.49 g of saturated fatty acids (SAFA), 4.48 g of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 2.58 g polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n‐3 and 0.37 g of PUFA n‐6 fatty acids; for wild specimens, it was 0.920 g/100 g, or 2.85 g of SAFA, 4.82 g of MUFA, 2.78 g PUFA n‐3 and 0.27 g of PUFA n‐6 fatty acids. The major fatty acids in this study were 16:0; 16:1, n‐7; 18:1, n‐9 and DHA 22:6, n‐3 acids. The sum of these major components accounted for more than 57% and 80% of the total fatty acids in all the samples of farmed and wild tuna respectively. No significant differences in the proximate composition were demonstrated between farmed and wild samples, except for the energy value, in favour of the farmed tuna. Statistically, glucose tends to increase together with cholesterol (CHOL) and plasma triglyceride, as for these pairs, it showed positive correlation coefficients and P>0.05. Some measured tuna metabolites demonstrated strong mutual correlations, especially GLU, CHOL and TRIG, which are crucial factors in the lipid profile of animals.     

Waste excretion characteristics of Manila clams (Tapes philippinarum) under different temperature conditions

Water recirculating systems have been used in the shellfish industry for depuration and wet-storage. Knowledge of shellfish excretion characteristics is critical to recirculating system design. In this study, the excretion rate of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) from Manila clams (Tapes philippinarum) were investigated under both laboratory and commercial conditions. The laboratory tests were conducted under temperatures ranging from 3 to 30°C. The experimental results showed that temperature was a key factor in determining the excretion rate of all the above parameters. The relationship between TAN excretion rate (R_TAN) and temperature (T) can be represented by an exponential function (R_TAN=0.57×1.25^T). For the temperature range between 3 and 20°C, the daily mean excretion rates of TAN, TKN and BOD₅ ranged between 1.5–46.1, 4.8–131.0 and 57.4–219.4 mg per kilogram of the clams (wet weight with shell on), respectively. There were linear correlations between TAN, TKN and BOD₅ production rates. The data presented in this paper can be used to estimate waste generation from a given shellfish processing operation and to size the waste treatment components for a recirculating depuration (or wet-storage) system.     

Changes in lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult male Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) in response to culture temperature and food deprivation

The effects of culture temperature and food deprivation on lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult male Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) were investigated. Shrimp were maintained in recirculating seawater systems at temperatures of 26 and 32°C and fed 75% dry commercial feed and 25% fresh‐frozen squid for 42 days. Additionally, groups of fed and non‐fed shrimp were maintained at 26°C for 17 days. In shrimp fed at either 26 or 32°C, polar lipids were the main constituents of total identified lipid classes in muscle tissue (66–71%), while neutral lipids were more abundant in hepatopancreas (82–88%). Higher levels of triglycerides were observed in lipids of shrimp hepatopancreas kept at 32°C, but no other lipid class was affected by temperature. A significantly higher proportion of 22:6n‐3 was consistent in muscle and hepatopancreas polar and neutral lipids of shrimp maintained at 26°C. In response to food deprivation, the amount of polar lipids, but not neutral lipids, was reduced by approximately 28% in muscle tissue, whereas all lipid reserves were almost depleted in the hepatopancreas. The variable consumption of some individual fatty acids was observed in polar and neutral lipids of both tissues.     

Muscle fatty acid composition and oxidative stress indices of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in relation to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and temperature

The influence of feeding high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on muscle fatty acid composition and indices of oxidative damage was examined in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.). All diets contained 100 g kg^?1 lipid of dry weight. Two diets contained marine fish oils giving a PUFA level of 250 g kg^?1 and 500 g kg^?1 of lipid. The remaining two diets contained vegetable oils high in either 18:2n-6 or 18:3n-3, giving a PUFA level of more than 500 g kg^?1 of dietary lipid. The charr were maintained at 8°C until their weight doubled, and were then transferred to 0.8°C for 30 days. Growth was similar in all groups. The fatty acid compositions of muscle were influenced by dietary PUFA but were less diverse than those of the diets. The overall pattern of fatty acid compositions indicated preferential desaturation and elongation of n-3 PUFA coupled with selective oxidation of 18:2n-6. Total n-3 PUFA content in TAG was always lowered compared with the diet, suggesting a specific mechanism for the removal of these fatty acids. Subjecting the fish to low temperature increased PUFA content in muscle of charr fed the 250 g kg^?1 marine n-3 PUFA diet, but had no effect on the other treatments. For fish at 8°C, no significant differences were found between groups in terms of haematocrit, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and plasma and muscle thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), although there was a tendency towards increased levels of TBARS in the group receiving 500 g kg^?1 marine n-3 PUFA of lipid. Subjecting the muscle to forced oxidative conditions resulted in increases in TBARS in all groups, particularly those fed 500 g kg^?1 marine n-3 PUFA. Lowering the environmental temperature corresponded with a further increase in the plasma ALAT and muscle TBARS in this group. It is concluded that feeding diets containing high levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA may be detrimental to the fish's health and flesh quality, particularly at low environmental temperatures.     

Fatty acid composition and biometry of five Greek Artemia populations suitable for aquaculture purposes

Evaluation of a new‐to‐science Artemia population and comparison with four other existing populations were carried out. Five parthenogenetic Artemia populations from the following Greek saltworks were studied: Alyki (a new population), Kalloni, Milos, Polychnitos and Messolongi. The diameters of non‐decapsulated and decapsulated cysts as well as the lengths of nauplii instar stages I, II and III were measured. In addition, the fatty acid composition of decapsulated cysts was estimated. The cyst size of the Alyki population was the smallest, with the largest chorion found in Greece so far. The Messolongi population had the largest cysts, with the smallest chorion of all five populations. The diameter of the non‐decapsulated cysts was highly related (P<0.01) to the length of the nauplii instar I, II and III. The diameter of decapsulated cysts was found to be the most stable and reliable biometric characteristic. The study of their fatty acids profiles revealed that the Polychnitos and Messolongi populations are suitable as live food for freshwater species, while the Alyki, Milos and Kalloni populations are suitable for marine species, having high levels (8.9%, 11.2% and 12.5% respectively) of eicosapentaenoic acid and detectable amounts (0.3%, 0.1% and 0.2% respectively) of docosahexaenoic acid.     

Evaluation of macroalgal detritus as food source for juvenile Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum: Effects on growth,amino acid content and fatty acid composition

Sufficient high‐quality microalgae are required for indoor nursery of juvenile Ruditapes philippinarum. However, culturing numerous microalgae to support clam feeding is a heavy burden on many hatcheries. The effects of detritus from the macroalgae Ulva pertusa, Chondrus ocellatus and Undaria pinnatifida on the growth, amino acid content and fatty acid profile of R. philippinarum were assessed as potential substitute diets. The green microalga Tetraselmis cordiformis served as comparative diet. Results revealed that the clams ingesting distinct diets presented no significant differences in growth of soft tissues, but the nutritional component of these clams differed dramatically. The clams fed with Undaria + Tetraselmis had the highest content of essential amino acids and proteins. In addition, the clams fed with single macroalgal diets and mixed macroalgal detritus and Tetraselmis showed significantly higher or statistically equal levels in n‐3/n‐6 ratio and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio with respect to Tetraselmis diets. The relative percentages of EPA and DHA in clams fed with Undaria were 28% and 63% higher than those fed with Tetraselmis, and the arachidonic acid abundances in clams ingesting Undaria + Tetraselmis and Tetraselmis were significantly higher than those in clams ingesting other diets. Together, the diets containing single Undaria or mixed Undaria + Tetraselmis produced Manila clams with nutritional advantages in terms of essential amino acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, the detritus of macroalgae, especially Undaria, is an appropriate substitute diet, at least partially, for culture of nutrition‐improved R. philippinarum.     

Fatty acid composition of 12 microalgae for possible use in aquaculture feed

Twelve algal strains representing the classes Cyanophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Rhodophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Xantophyceae and Eustigmatophyceae were selected mainly from the culture collection of the Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA). The algae were grown as continuous cultures in a 1.8 l. reactor, internally illuminated with an 11 W fluorescent tube. The retention time was adjusted in the range 2–4 days to fit the growth rate of the algae. The growth responses and fatty acid composition were analysed. The maximum production rate was obtained with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (0.63 g 1⁻¹ day⁻¹) and the lowest with Porphyridium cruentum 0.13 g 1⁻¹ day⁻¹. Arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were the dominating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in P. cruentum, while only EPA accumulated in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the major PUFA in Isochrysis galbana, while Pavlova sp. had both EPA and DHA. This is the first report on the fatty acid profiles of Nannochloropsis oceanica, Chroococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. and Tribonema sp.     

Fatty acid composition of the ingested food only slightly affects physicochemical properties of liver total phospholipids and plasma membranes in cold-adapted freshwater fish

The fatty acid content, fatty acid molecular species composition, and fluidity of phospholipid vesicles and plasma membranes of livers of fish feeding on phytoplankton (silver carp, Hypophthalmichtys molitrix), zooplankton, (big head carp, Hypophtalmitrix nobilis), higher plants, (grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella), and omnivorous fish, (common carp, Cyprinus carpio), adapted to reduced temperatures, was determined. Levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were highest in silver and big head carp and lowest in common carp. Differences in long chain PUFAs were poorly reflected in fluidity, determined either by fluorescence anizotropy of 1,6-diphenyl 1,3,5-hexatriene or rotational correlation time of 16-doxyl- stearic acid, of phospholipid vesicles. Phospholipid vesicles of C. caripo and C. idella proved to be slightly more rigid than of H. molitrix and H. nobilis below ca. 15 °C. These differences were not seen with isolated plasma membranes assessed with 1,6-diphenyl 1,3,5-hexatriene. Using electron spin resonance spectroscopy plasma membranes from H. molitrix proved to be more fluid than those from C. carpio below ca. 15 °C. Phosphatidylethanolamines were abundant in 1-monounsaturated, 2-polyunsaturated (18:1/22:6, 18:1/20:4) species with H. molitrix and H. nobilis more rich in these species than C. carpio and C. idella. It is suggested that differences in fluidities of phospholipid vesicles below 15 °C is due to differences in levels of the above molecular species. In native membranes these differences may be masked by proteins and other membrane components. It is also suggested that it is not the fatty acid composition of the ingested food but the specific response of the fish to temperature that is the most important factor controlling the physicochemical properties of membranes during thermal adaptation.     

Combined effects of temperature and diet on growth and biochemical composition of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) spat

Temperature and quality of the available food are important factors that influence the physiology of oysters; however, the combined effects have not been well studied. We evaluated the impacts of the temperature and diet on the growth, survival and biochemical composition in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat, cultured in the laboratory for 8 weeks at 23, 26, 29 and 32°C and fed Isochrysis sp.‐Pavlova lutheri (IP) and Dunaliella tertiolecta (Dt). The growth and biochemical composition showed a pattern, which changed in response to rising temperature. The shell length was significantly longer, in spat fed the IP diet, except at 32°C, where both diets produced poor growth results. The survival was <50% after 5 weeks at 32°C, whereas at all other temperatures it was >88%. High temperatures directly increased lipids and saturated fatty acids, while the proteins, carbohydrates and unsaturated fatty acids decreased. High temperatures achieved in the environment, as those reached on clear summer days during low tides, are an important stressor in oyster spat, especially when the quality of the available food is poor.     

Fatty acid profiles of spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) phyllosoma fed enriched Artemia

Three different life stages of spiny lobster larvae (phyllosoma) of Panulirus homarus were fed A1‐Selco‐enriched Artemia in two culture treatments, one with the microalgae Nannochloropsis salina (green water) and the other without the microalgae (clear water) to assess the ability to manipulate their fatty acid composition. Phyllosoma fed with 3‐h A1‐Selco‐enriched Artemia salina attained Stage VIII (5.3 mm) and Stage V (3.4 mm) in 42 days in the green and clear water treatments respectively. The higher content of the essential fatty acids in N. salina (eicosapentaenoic acid, 25.8%; arachidonic acid, 9.5%; and docosahexaenoic acid, 4.2%) in the green water system increased the fatty acid content of the live food Artemia, and ultimately the phyllosoma. In spite of phyllosoma being fed with enriched Artemia in the clear water system, the total polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the early (Stages I–III) and mid stage (Stages IV–V) phyllosoma were significantly smaller (18.8% and 14.6% respectively) (P<0.05) than in the green water system (25.3% and 21.2% respectively). These results indicate the positive role of the microalgae in boosting the essential fatty acid content of lobster larvae.     

The effect of temperature and dietary fat level on tissue lipid composition in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed wax ester‐rich oil from Calanus finmarchicus

Copepod oil (CO) from the marine zooplankton, Calanus finmarchicus, is a potential alternative to fish oils (FOs) for inclusion in aquafeeds. The oil is composed mainly of wax esters (WE) containing high levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty alcohols that are poorly digested by fish at low temperatures. Consequently, tissue lipid compositions may be adversely affected in salmon‐fed CO at low temperatures. This study examined the lipid and FA compositions of muscle and liver of Atlantic salmon reared at two temperatures (3 and 12 °C) and fed diets containing either FO or CO, supplying 50% of dietary lipid as WE, at two fat levels (～330 g kg^?1, high; ～180 g kg^?1, low). Fish were acclimatized to rearing temperature for 1 month and then fed one of four diets: high‐fat fish oil (HFFO), high‐fat Calanus oil (HFCO), low‐fat fish oil (LFFO) and low‐fat Calanus oil (LFCO). The fish were grown to produce an approximate doubling of initial weight at harvest (220 days at 3 °C and 67 days at 12 °C), and lipid content, lipid class composition and FA composition of liver and muscle were determined. The differences in tissue lipid composition between dietary groups were relatively small. The majority of FA in triacylglycerols (TAG) in both tissues were monounsaturated, and their levels were generally higher at 3 °C than 12 °C. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly (n‐3) PUFA, predominated in the polar lipids, and their level was not significantly affected by temperature. The PUFA content of TAG was highest (～26%) in the muscle of fish fed the HFCO diet at both temperatures. Tissue levels of SFAs were lower in fish‐fed diets containing HFCO than those fed HFFO, LFFO or LFCO, particularly at 3 °C. The results are consistent with Atlantic salmon being able to incorporate both the FA and fatty alcohol components of WE into tissue lipids but, overall, the effects of environmental temperature on tissue lipids were more pronounced in fish fed the CO diets than FO diets.     

The effect of culture on morphology, lipid and fatty acid composition, and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skin cells

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) skin cell cultures were obtained by trypsinization of the tissue and grown in Leibovitz L-15 medium. Lipid class compositions, and fatty acid profiles of total lipids and individual phospholipid classes were determined at different times of culture. The metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was investigated by incubating primary cultures after 7 and 14 days with [1-¹⁴C]18:2n-6 and [1-¹⁴C-]18:3n-3. The change in morphology between epithelial-like primary cultures and fibroblastic-like secondary subcultures was accompanied by alterations in the lipid composition. Polar lipids became predominant by 14 days in culture. The relative proportions of phosphatidylcholine (PC), the most abundant phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol and cholesterol increased significantly, while sphingomyelin decreased. Saturated fatty acids, 18:1n-9, n-6 and n-9PUFA were more abundant in total lipid in cultures at 14 days and 4 months than in cells initially isolated which contained higher percentages of longer chain monoenes and n-3PUFA. The changes in fatty acid composition with time in culture were observed in all the major phospholipid classes. Rainbow trout skin cells in culture desaturated and elongated both 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3, with 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3 being the most abundant products, respectively. PC presented the highest incorporation of radioactivity, especially following incubation with 18:3n-3. Lipid metabolism in general increased with the age of primary cultures, with both the amount of C18 PUFA incorporated and metabolized by desaturation/elongation significantly increased in 14 day cultures compared to 7 day cultures. Product/precursor ratios calculated for both n-6 and n-3 fatty acids showed that, while 6 desaturase activity was increased significantly with cell age, 5 desaturase activity was more affected by the fatty acid series, with 18:3n-3 being more readily transformed to 20:5n-3 than 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6. Further desaturation of 20:5n-3 to hexaenes was low. Overall, the data suggested that the trout skin cell cultures were more similar to mammalian skin fibroblasts than mammalian epidermal/keratinocyte cultures.     

Fatty acid composition and analysis of freshwater caridean shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) during spermiogenesis

We analysed fatty acids (FAs) composition and the potential functions of FAs in hepatopancreas and testis of freshwater caridean shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense during testis development. The hepatopancreas presented a high unsaturated FA content of about 40%, whereas the testis showed a high level of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with a decreasing content of 97–86% of total FAs during maturation. Several specific FAs in testis showed significant changes throughout maturation. Among SFAs, C14:0 contributed with a relatively constant high proportion of about 22%, whereas C16:0 and C18:0 contents were also at high levels but showed significant increases during maturation. Representatives of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), such as C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6, C20:5n‐3 (EPA), C20:4n‐6 (AA) and C22:6n‐3 (DHA) showed significant increases despite their low proportion in the gonad. These results suggest that a high content of HUFAs in hepatopancreas may represent a reservoir for sperm production. The FA C14:0 may provide a particular function. The variations of the FA profile in testis at different developmental stages reveals that C18:1n‐9, C18:2n‐6, C20:5n‐3, C20:4n‐6 and C22:6n‐3 may play important roles in spermiogenesis.     

Inclusion of macroalgae meal (Macrocystis pyrifera) as feed ingredient for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): effect on flesh fatty acid composition

The use of macroalgae as an additional component in animal feeding has been studied. However, information on how it could influence muscle composition of fish body is scarce. This study evaluates four diets with different macroalgae inclusion levels (0%, 1.5%, 3% and 6%) to test the effect on body fatty acid composition of rainbow trout. Tanks with a volume of 600 L were stocked with 60.6 ± 7.9 g fish at a density of 45 individuals tank^?1 and fed for 124 days. At the end of the experiment there were not significant differences (P<0.05) in muscle proximate composition among fish fed the different treatments. However, it was determined that inclusion of 3% and 6% of macroalgae meal resulted in a significant increase (P<0.05) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in muscle. In summary, macroalgae meal in rainbow trout diets do not enhance the quantity of protein and lipid contents at muscle level but an addition of 3–6% might contribute to increase the level of PUFAs, specially EPA, DHA and LIN. Thus, use of macroalgae meal might help to increase lipid quality content in the final product due the beneficial effects of PUFAs for human health.     

低温适应下锯缘青蟹肌肉及其细胞膜脂肪酸组成的变化

研究主要采用生物化学方法对低温适应3周的锯缘青蟹肌肉及肌细胞膜脂肪酸组成进行测定,结果显示,肌肉中脂肪酸C16:0随饲养温度降低而降低,5 ℃组显著低于27 ℃组(P<0.05);C18:0却在5 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.05);C20:5随着饲养温度降低而升高,5 ℃和10 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.05)。∑C16随饲养温度的降低而降低,5 ℃组显著低于27 ℃组(P<0.01);∑C20却随饲养温度的降低而升高,5 ℃和10 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.05); EPA+DHA随饲养温度降低而升高,5 ℃和10 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.05),而EPA/DHA仅5 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.01)。低温适应下锯缘青蟹肌肉细胞膜脂肪酸C18:2显著升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),但随养殖温度的降低逐渐降低;低温适应下C18:1降低,在5 ℃组 显著降低(P<0.05);C18:0低温适应下也显著降低(P<0.01);C20:5低温适应下上升,但仅在15 ℃适应下显著上升(P<0.05)。C22:6低温环境下降低,在5 ℃和10 ℃组显著下降(P<0.05)。C20:1,C20:4和C20:3在低温环境下增加,仅5 ℃组显著高于27 ℃组(P<0.01或P<0.05),肌肉细胞膜中∑C18低温环境下降低,而∑C20低温下增加,并且均在5 ℃组出现显著性差异(P<0.01)。∑C22低温适应下降低,仅10 ℃下降明显（P<0.05）,∑SFA低温环境下显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);∑UFA低温环境下显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),低温适应下饱和指数∑SFA/∑UFA显著下降(P<0.05,或P<0.01);其中不饱和脂肪酸∑UFA低温适应下的升高主要是∑PUFA-ω6升高,EPA+DHA低温适应下无显著性变化(P>0.05),但EPA/DHA仅5 ℃组显著上升(P<0.05)。上述结果表明低温适应下肌肉及肌细胞膜脂肪酸组成的变化是处于不断合成和转化的动态之中。与肌肉组织相比较,肌细胞膜脂肪酸组成变化较大,其脂肪酸饱和指数在低温适应下显著下降。细胞膜对低温环境的敏感反应说明低温适应和生理稳态维持过程中细胞膜起着重要的生物学作用。