Glycocerebroside bearing a novel long-chain base from Sagina japonica (Caryophyllaceae)

A new glycocerebroside (1), along with one reported one (2), was isolated from the ethanol extract of Sagina japonica (Caryophyllaceae) and was fully characterized. The structures of two compounds were identified as (2S, 3S, 4R, 8E)-1-(β-D-glucopyranosyl-3, 4-dihydroxy-2-[(R)-2′- hydroxypalmitoyl]amino-8-heptadecaene (1) and (2S, 3R, 8E)-1-(β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxy-2-[(R)-2′-hydroxypalmitoyl]amino-8-octadecaene (2) by using spectroscopic methods (¹H, ¹³C, and 2D NMR, MS) and chemical degradation.     

Two new iridoid glucosides from Hedyotis diffusa

Two new iridoid glucosides, named diffusosides A and B, were isolated from the aerial part of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis and HRESIMS. These two compounds showed no cytotoxic activity against SMMC-7721, SW480, SW620, Bel7402, and HepG2 cells.     

重瓣山茶花器官发育相关基因CjAPL1的全长克隆与表达分析

为研究A功能基因在山茶花重瓣形成过程中所发挥的功能,利用同源克隆和RACE扩增方法,从重瓣山茶花品种‘金盘荔枝’发育早期的花芽中获得了山茶花AP基因全长cDNA,命名为CjAPL1,GenBank登录号JX657332。该基因全长1 149 bp,其中,开放阅读框(ORF)长度为741 bp,5’非编码区长度206 bp,3’非编码区长度202 bp。经氨基酸序列分析表明:CjAPL1基因编码一条含有246个氨基酸的蛋白质,与猕猴桃、八仙花等植物的Ap1蛋白同源性均在75%以上。Rea-time PCR结果显示,CjAPL1基因在‘金盘荔枝’不同发育时期花芽中的表达量为:花芽发育早III期>花芽发育早II期>花芽发育早I期>现蕾期,表达趋势表现为先逐渐升高而后急剧降低;花器官不同部位中的表达量为花柱最高,其次为子房和萼片,在雄蕊下部和外轮花上部中的表达量最低。这些差异表明,CjAPL1基因可能在‘金盘荔枝’重瓣花形成中发挥作用。     

Two new triterpene saponins from the aerial parts of Paraquilegia microphylla

Two new triterpene saponins, paraquinosides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Paraquilegia microphylla (Royle) Dromm. et Hutch, a Tibetan ethnic medicine distributed in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. On the basis of 1D and 2D NMR evidence, their structure was elucidated as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-15-dehydroxyl-16-O-methyl-24, 25-deoxy-26-hydroxylshengmanol-26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3-O-α-L-Rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-15-dehydroxyl-16-O-methyl-24, 25-deoxy-26-hydroxylshengmanol-26-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (2), respectively.     

Two new glycosidated coumaramides from Clerodendron cyrtophyllum

Two new glycosidated coumaramides clerodendiod A (1) and B (2), together with seven known glycosidic compounds were isolated from the branches of Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz. Clerodendiod A and B were elucidated as β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2) on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. The isolated new compound 2 was assayed for the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and showed potent activity in inhibiting NF-κB which its IC₅₀ values was found to be 24.9 nM.     

Two new bufadienolides from the rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus Franch

Two new bufadienolides, named tigencaoside A(1) and tigencaoside B(2), were isolated from the rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus Franch., along with two known bufadienolides, hellebrigenin (3) and 5β,14β-dihydroxy-19-oxo-3β-[(α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)oxy]bufa-20,22-dienolide (4). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Two new compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four strains of cultured tumor cells.     

Two new cytotoxic isomeric indole alkaloids from the roots of Nauclea orientalis

A pair of new isomeric indole alkaloids, naucleaorals A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the roots of Nauclea orientalis. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were fully characterized using spectroscopic data, and were tested for their cytotoxicity (HeLa and KB cells) and antimalarial activity. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity to HeLa cells with an IC₅₀ value of 4.0 µg/mL, while compound 2 exhibited very modest cytotoxicity to both cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 7.8 and 9.5 µg/mL, respectively. Both compounds proved to be inactive in antimalarial assays (IC₅₀ > 10.00 µg/mL).     

Cd及矿质营养元素在结缕草植株中的积累特性

以水培方法研究了镉在结缕草中的积累特性及对矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明:Cd²⁺处理下结缕草根、叶中镉的分布比例为细胞壁>胞液>细胞器。低浓度(1、10 mg·L^-1)处理下,结缕草茎细胞液中镉的比例分别较细胞壁中镉的比例高出61.70%、69.60%;高浓度(100 mg·L^-1)处理下,细胞壁中镉的比例较细胞液中镉的比例高出47.70%。低浓度(1、10 mg·L^-1)处理的结缕草地下部的镉含量显著高于地上部,而高浓度下(100 mg·L^-1)结缕草地上部的镉含量较地下部显著提高37.31%;随着处理浓度的升高,镉转运系数显著提高,100 mg·L^-1处理下镉转运系数分别较1、10 mg·L^-1提高了4.12、2.45倍。高浓度(100 mg·L^-1)处理下,结缕草地下部N、K、Ca、Mg含量下降,P、S含量有所提高。高浓度(100 mg·L^-1)镉处理下,地上部N含量较对照显著上升16.11%,Ca、Mg的含量均较对照升高;不同浓度镉处理的地上部P、K、S含量均较对照降低。     

A new coumarin from Sarcandra glabra

Sarcandracoumarin (1), the first coumarin having a 1-phenylethyl substituent at the C-3 position, was isolated along with eleven known phenolic compounds from the water extract of Sarcandra glabra. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compound 1 exhibited moderate or weak cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines.     

One new sesquiterpene from Saussurea laniceps

One new guaiane-type sesquiterpene (1) was isolated from Saussurea laniceps. The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. The immunomodulatory activity of compound 1 was evaluated. It was found that compound 1 showed significant inhibition for proliferation of murine T cells in vitro.     

Two new chamigrane metabolites from fermentation broth of Steccherinum ochraceum

Two new chamigrane-type metabolites named steperoxides C (1) and D (2) were isolated from the basidiomycetes Steccherinum ochraceum. The structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of spectral methods (MS, IR, ID and 2D NMR experiments). Compounds 2 showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at 10 and 5 μg/disk.     

Two new benzofuran derivatives with anti-inflammatory activity from Liriope spicata var. prolifera

Two new benzofuran derivatives, 2-(4′-hydroxybenzyl)-5,6-methylenedioxy-benzofuran () and 2-(4′-hydroxybenzoyl)-5,6-methylenedioxy-benzofuran (), along with 8 known compounds were isolated from 60% EtOH extract of the fibrous roots of Liriope spicata var. prolifera. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. In an in vitro bioactive assay, the two new benzofuran derivatives showed anti-inflammatory activity. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against neutrophil respiratory burst stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) with IC₅₀ value of 4.15 ± 0.07 and 5.96 ± 0.37 μM, respectively.     

Two new cerebrosides from the pollen of Typha angustifolia

Two new cerebrosides, 1-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytricosanoylamino]-8-nonadecene-3,4-diol (1) and 1-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-(2S,3R,4E,8Z)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxynonadecanoylamino]-4,13-nonadecene-3-diol (2), were isolated from the pollen of Typha angustifolia. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral means. This is the first report on the occurrence of cerebroside in Typha (Typhaceae). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited effect on the proliferation of cultured vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs) induced by fatal bovine serum (FBS).     

New coumarin glycosides from the leaves of Diospyros crassiflora (Hiern)

Two new 5-methylcoumarin glycosides named diosfeboside A (1) and B (2) and five known compounds namely kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), ursolic acid (4), betulinic acid (5), stigmasterol (6) and stigmasterol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7) were isolated from the leaves of Diospyros crassiflora (Hiern). Their structures were established through interpretation of 1 and 2D NMR, mass spectra analysis and comparison with reported data. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the new compounds against human carcinoma cell lines (HL-60, Bel-7402, BGC-823, and KB) was evaluated and no cytotoxicity was observed for each of them.     

Two new bisindole alkaloids from the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica

The reinvestigation of Strychnos nux-vomica resulted in the isolation of two colorless monoquaternary bisindole alkaloids from the seeds. The structures of the two new compounds named 4-N-hydroxymethyl strychnidin-17-acetic acid (1) and 10, 11-dimethoxy-4-N-hydroxymethyl strychnidin-17-acetic acid (2), were defined by detailed spectral analyses, especially ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, DEPT, HSQC, ¹H NMR–¹H NMR, NOESY, HMBC and TOF-MS.     

Two new secolignan glycosides from the roots of Urtica triangularis Hand.-Mazz.

Two secolignan glycoside isomers, urticaside A (1) and urticaside B (2), were isolated from the roots of Urtica triangularis Hand.-Mazz. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectral analyses including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-EI-MS.     

Two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana

Two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone, garcimangosxanthone A–C (1–3), along with fourteen known xanthones were isolated from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against A549, LAC and A375 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 5.7–24.9 μM, which were comparable to those of doxorubicin.     

A new proaporphine alkaloid from Meconopsishorridula

A new proaporphine alkaloid, 8, 9-dihydroprooxocryptochine (1), together with three known alkaloids, was isolated from the aerial parts of Meconopsishorridula Hook. f. & Thomson (Papaveraceae), a traditional Tibetan medicine. The structure of 1 was determined by spectroscopic methods.     

Two phenolic glycosides from Curculigo orchioides Gaertn

One new glycoside derivative from syringic acid and one new phenol glycoside, curculigoside E (1) and orchioside D (2), were isolated and characterized from the rootstock of Curculigo orchioides collected in the Nawalparasi District (Nepal). The structures of the new isolated compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods such as 1D, 2D NMR and MS.     

Phenylpropionic acid derivates from the bark of Cerbera manghas

Two new phenylpropionic acid derivates, cerberic acids A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the bark of Cerbera manghas. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods including IR, ESI-FT-ICR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Primary bioassays showed that compound 1 possessed weak cytotoxic activity against HepG2, MCF-7, and HeLa cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 44.7, 52.3, 48.7 μg/ml, respectively.