共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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LAMP法在水产动物病原快速检测中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
近年来,一种新的恒温核酸扩增方法LAMP法(loop-mediated isothermal amplification),即环介导等温扩增法已经被开发利用。它采用能特异识别靶序列上6个位点的4条引物及一种具有链置换活性的DNA聚合酶(Bst DNA polymerase),在恒温条件(60~65℃),不到1h的时间里进行核酸扩增,其扩增效率可达到109~1010个数量级,具有特异性强、等温灵敏、操作简单、产物易检测等优点。LAMP法已经被用来快速检测水产动物病原(细菌、病毒、寄生虫)。文章就LAMP法的反应原理、引物设计及其在水产动物病原快速检测中的应用等做简要的综述。 相似文献
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鱼肉鲜度快速检测技术新进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
传统上评价鱼肉鲜度的主要方法是感官鉴定。它能及时提供有关鱼肉品质的信息,但带有很大的主观性,同时还受到测评小组人员身体及心理状况的影响,初期腐败产生的一些较低浓度的化合物感觉不到等缺点。实验室经常用到的化学方法是挥发性盐基氮(TVN)和三甲胺(TMA)的测定。这些 相似文献
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纳米技术是一种在纳米尺度(1~100nm之间)上研究物质(包括原子、分子的操纵)的特性和相互作用,以及利用这些特性的多学科交叉的科学和技术。它包括纳米材料的制造技术,纳米材料向各个领域应用的技术,在纳米空间构筑一个器件实现对原子、分子的翻切、操作以及在纳米微区内对物质传输和能量传输新规律的认识等等。纳米技术在水产养殖工程中的应用研究目前尚处于起步阶段,日本、韩国、法国、美国等已有实际应用的案例,国内也开始了这方面的研究并取得了一定的成果。1纳米技术在水质净化中的应用(1)纳米净水材料常见的纳米净水材料包括纳米净水剂… 相似文献
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Qing Yu Mingzhu Liu Siting Wu Hehe Xiao Xinling Qin Pengfei Li 《Journal of fish diseases》2021,44(1):33-44
Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) causes devastating viral haemorrhagic disease in farmed grass carp (Ctenopharyngon idellus). As novel molecular probes, aptamers have been widely applied in rapid diagnosis and efficient therapies against virus or diseases. In this study, three single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were selected against GCRV‐infected CIK cells via SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technology). Secondary structures predicted by MFOLD indicated that aptamers formed stem‐loop structures, and GVI‐11 had the lowest ΔG value of ?30.84 KJ/mol. Three aptamers could specifically recognize GCRV‐infected CIK cells, with calculated dissociation constants (Kd) of 220.86, 176.63 and 278.66 nM for aptamers GVI‐1, GVI‐7 and GVI‐11, respectively, which indicated that they could serve as specific delivery system for antiviral therapies. The targets of aptamers GVI‐1, GVI‐7 and GVI‐11 on the surface of GCRV‐infected cells could be membrane proteins, which were trypsin‐sensitive. Furthermore, FAM‐labelled aptamer GVI‐7 could be applied to detect GCRV infection in vivo. It is the first time to generate and characterize aptamers against GCRV‐infected cells. These aptamers have great potentials in development of rapid diagnosis technology and antiviral agents against GCRV infection in aquaculture. 相似文献
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Aquatic food security: insights into challenges and solutions from an analysis of interactions between fisheries,aquaculture, food safety,human health,fish and human welfare,economy and environment 下载免费PDF全文
Simon Jennings Grant D Stentiford Ana M Leocadio Keith R Jeffery Julian D Metcalfe Ioanna Katsiadaki Neil A Auchterlonie Stephen C Mangi John K Pinnegar Tim Ellis Edmund J Peeler Tiziana Luisetti Craig Baker‐Austin Mary Brown Thomas L Catchpole Fiona J Clyne Stephen R Dye Nathan J Edmonds Kieran Hyder Janette Lee David N Lees Owen C Morgan Carl M O'Brien Birgit Oidtmann Paulette E Posen Ana Ribeiro Santos Nick G H Taylor Andrew D Turner Bryony L Townhill David W Verner‐Jeffreys 《Fish and Fisheries》2016,17(4):893-938
Fisheries and aquaculture production, imports, exports and equitability of distribution determine the supply of aquatic food to people. Aquatic food security is achieved when a food supply is sufficient, safe, sustainable, shockproof and sound: sufficient, to meet needs and preferences of people; safe, to provide nutritional benefit while posing minimal health risks; sustainable, to provide food now and for future generations; shock‐proof, to provide resilience to shocks in production systems and supply chains; and sound, to meet legal and ethical standards for welfare of animals, people and environment. Here, we present an integrated assessment of these elements of the aquatic food system in the United Kingdom, a system linked to dynamic global networks of producers, processors and markets. Our assessment addresses sufficiency of supply from aquaculture, fisheries and trade; safety of supply given biological, chemical and radiation hazards; social, economic and environmental sustainability of production systems and supply chains; system resilience to social, economic and environmental shocks; welfare of fish, people and environment; and the authenticity of food. Conventionally, these aspects of the food system are not assessed collectively, so information supporting our assessment is widely dispersed. Our assessment reveals trade‐offs and challenges in the food system that are easily overlooked in sectoral analyses of fisheries, aquaculture, health, medicine, human and fish welfare, safety and environment. We highlight potential benefits of an integrated, systematic and ongoing process to assess security of the aquatic food system and to predict impacts of social, economic and environmental change on food supply and demand. 相似文献
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白斑综合征病毒环介导等温扩增快速检测方法的建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)囊膜蛋白VP28基因保守序列,利用Primer Explorerv 4.0软件设计了4条引物,建立了白斑综合征病毒环介导等温扩增快速检测方法,对反应温度和反应时间等参数进行了优化,同时将建立的LAMP检测方法与巢式PCR进行了比较分析。结果表明,LAMP最适反应在64℃恒温条件60min内完成,凝胶电泳呈现梯型条带;反应体系中添加SYBR Green I荧光染料后,绿色的阳性结果明显区别于橙色阴性结果。LAMP方法的最低检出限为100拷贝/μL,灵敏度较巢式PCR高100倍,而且LAMP方法在1h内即可完成检测,操作简单,无需复杂仪器,肉眼可直接观察检测结果。用建立的LAMP方法对临床发病南美白对虾样品进行了检测,结果表明,LAMP方法适合对虾白斑综合征病毒的现场快速检测。 相似文献
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近年来,虾肝肠胞虫(Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei, EHP)流行使我国养殖对虾遭受严重经济损失,现场快速检测是EHP防控的重要技术保证。本研究对本实验室研发的EHP现场快速检测试剂盒的分析特异性(ASp)、分析灵敏度(ASe)、诊断特异性(DSp)、诊断灵敏度(DSe)、重复性和稳定性6项性能参数开展了系统评估。ASp测试显示,该试剂盒与对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)、偷死野田村病毒(CMNV)、虾血细胞虹彩病毒(SHIV)、致急性肝胰腺坏死病副溶血弧菌(VpAHPND)、传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)等5种对虾常见病原及健康对虾无交叉反应;ASe测试显示,该试剂盒检测下限为101 copies/反应;以EHP TaqMan RT-qPCR方法为标准,比较了试剂盒对298份临床样品的测试结果,试剂盒的DSp为99.2%、DSe为91.7%;试剂盒对EHP阴性样品及强阳性样品的检测重复率为100%,弱阳性样品检测重复率为95.8%;试剂盒在–20℃和–40℃条件下分别可保存7个月和12个月以上。本研究表明,本实验室研制的EHP现场快速检测试剂盒具操作简便、快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好和稳定性强等优点,可满足对虾养殖现场对EHP的高灵敏度检测。 相似文献
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为探讨HACH速测法检测对虾养殖水体氮磷含量的可行性,应用HACH速测法和国标法(GB 17378.4-2007)检测对虾池塘水体NH_3-N、NO_2~--N和PO_4~(3-)含量,分析两种方法测定结果及其相互关系;并研究了对虾养殖池塘水样直接过滤测定、过滤低温冻存和低温冻存过滤三种处理方法对NH_3-N、NO_2~--N和PO_4~(3-)检测结果的影响。结果显示,HACH速测法检测NH_3-N、NO_2~--N和PO_4~(3-)的标准曲线线性良好,检测结果与国标法检测结果差异显著(P0.05),但两者之间有显著的线性关系,线性方程分别为Y(NH_3~-N)=0.891X(NH_3~-N)-0.006;Y(NO_2--N)=1.657X(NO_2~--N)+0.004;Y(PO_4~(3-))=0.901X(PO_4~(3-))-0.018(Y为国标法检测值,X为HACH速测法检测值);HACH速测法检测养殖水体的结果利用建立的函数方程进行换算,获得的计算值与国标法检测值无显著性差异;经三种方法处理后的对虾池塘水体NH_3~-N、NO_2~--N检测值之间无显著差异,但经冻存处理两组水样的PO_4~(3-)含量显著低于直接过滤检测组PO_4~(3-)含量,冻存处理组之间PO_4~(3-)含量无明显差异。结果表明,HACH速测法可用于检测养殖水体NH_3-N、NO_2~--N和PO_4~(3-)含量,但检测结果需要经函数转化;为保证水样检测结果的准确性,待检水样需要采取合适的保存方式或者立即进行测定。 相似文献
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Truong Trong Nghia Mathieu Wille Stijn Vandendriessche Quach The Vinh & Patrick Sorgeloos 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(14):1512-1528
Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) levels in rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia on the survival, development and metamorphosis of mud crab Scylla paramamosain larvae. Five different lipid emulsions, varying in the level of total n‐3 and n‐6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), DHA, EPA and ARA were used to manipulate the fatty acid profile of the live food. Fatty acid profiles of the live food and crab larvae at zoea one, three and five stages were analysed to study the HUFA uptake by the larvae. The fatty acid content of the live food affected the fatty acid profiles of the crab larvae. In both experiments, the survival rate in the zoeal stages was not statistically different among treatments. However, larval development rate and metamorphosis success were affected by the dietary treatments. In this respect, the DHA/EPA ratio in the live food seems to be a key factor. Enrichment emulsions with a very high (50%) total HUFA content but a low DHA/EPA ratio (0.6), or zero total HUFA content caused developmental retardation and/or metamorphosis failure. An emulsion with a moderate total HUFA (30%) and a high DHA/EPA ratio (4) was the best in terms of larval development during the zoeal stages and resulted in improved metamorphosis. Dietary ARA seemed to improve first metamorphosis, but its exact role needs further clarification. For the larval rearing of S. paramamosain, an enrichment medium containing about 30% total n‐3 HUFA with a minimum DHA/EPA ratio of 1 is recommended. Further investigation is needed on the total HUFA and optimum DHA/EPA ratio requirements for each crab larval stage. 相似文献
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船载南极磷虾智能化捕捞加工生产线在食品安全体系中的特征分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在近年来快速发展的南极磷虾产业中,南极磷虾捕捞加工船上的捕捞加工生产是其产业链中的一个重要环节。由于南极磷虾的生物特性,船载捕捞加工线直接影响产品质量,进而影响后端陆基深加工产品的质量等级。以“深蓝”号南极磷虾捕捞加工船智能化捕捞加工的冻虾、虾肉和虾粉3种磷虾产品生产线为研究对象,比较其与传统船载加工的差异,基于HACCP体系对3条生产线的工艺流程进行分解和危害分析,并确定关键控制点;通过初步建立控制体系的过程,研究船载南极磷虾捕捞加工生产线在体系中的特征。研究表明,捕捞加工系统由于自动化、整体连贯性和封闭性较高,减少了人为和环境危害概率,关键控制点更为清晰,所有外部输入环节、控制系统参数设置和金属探测都为关键控制点,并对GMP和SSOP的实施要求更为严格,对设备的维护保养和日常清洁要求更高。分析结果可为其他同类船舶的船载加工线设计和建立标准提供参考。 相似文献
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明胶是由胶原蛋白部分降解得到的天然多肽聚合物,具有良好的乳化性、成膜性、发泡性和凝胶性以及生物相容性和生物可降解性,在食品加工业中有着广泛应用。哺乳动物明胶占明胶市场的主要份额,但由于存在宗教因素和健康方面的担忧,哺乳动物明胶在食品加工业中的应用受到限制和质疑。鱼皮明胶与哺乳动物明胶具有相似的功能性质,且由于鱼皮明胶来源独特,并能满足伊斯兰教等具有特殊文化和需求人群的要求,已逐渐成为食品加工业中的重点研究对象。为了综合介绍鱼皮明胶在食品中的应用,本文综述了鱼皮明胶作为乳化剂、发泡剂、澄清剂、增稠剂和胶凝剂以及可食用包装、可食用涂层、乳液、微胶囊、纳米纤维和水凝胶制备材料在食品加工业中的研究进展。鱼皮明胶的功能特性使其在食品加工业中可作为食品添加剂、食品包装材料和活性物包裹材料并显示出优于哺乳动物明胶的生物安全性和加工特性。由此可见,鱼皮明胶在食品加工业中具有良好的应用前景,并有望成为哺乳动物明胶的良好替代品。本综述可为今后进一步提高鱼皮明胶的功能性质和扩大鱼皮明胶在食品中的应用提供一定指导。 相似文献