枣尺蠖核型多角体病毒增殖制备的研究

枣尺蠖核型多角体病毒增殖制备的研究邢同（山东省无棣县棉花生产办公室，２５１９００）ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＰＲＥＲＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＰＯＬＹＨＥＤＲＯＳＩＳＶＩＲＵＳＯＦＳＵＣＲＡＪＵＪＵＢＡ［ＬＥＰ．：ＧＥＯＭＥＴＲＩＤＡＥ］Ｘ...     

1993年非洲利用绿僵菌油剂防治蝗虫和蚱蜢的试验结果

１９９３年非洲利用绿僵菌油剂防治蝗虫和蚱蜢的试验结果邱式邦（中国农科院生防所，北京１０００８１）ＦＩＥＬＤＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＳＵＳＩＮＧＭＥＴＡＲＨＩＺＩＵＭＦＬＡＶＯＶＩＲＩＤＥＯＩＬＳＰＲＡＹＴＯＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＬＯＣＵＳＴＳＡＮＤＧＲＡＳＳＨＯ...     

灰斑古毒蛾核型多角体病毒病的自然流行

灰斑古毒蛾核型多角体病毒病的自然流行孙发仁（山东省泰安市菜篮子科技园，泰安２７１０００）ＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＡＲＹＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＰＯＬＹＨＥＤＲＯＳＩＳＶＩＲＵＳＩＳＯＬＡＴＥＤＦＲＯＭＯＲＧＹＩＡＥＲＩＣＡＥＳＵＮＦａ－Ｒｅｎ（ＴａｉａｎＳｃｉ...     

茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用

茶树有益微生物对茶树病原菌的抑制作用①胡淑霞（安徽农业大学茶业系，合肥２３００３６）ＦＵＮＧＩＳＴＡＴＩＣＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＢＥＮＥＦＩＣＩＡＬＭＩＣＲＯＢＥＯＮＴＨＥＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＷＯＴＥＡＰＡＴＨＯＧＥＮＳＨＵＳｈｕ－ｘｉａ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍ...     

康氏木霉与立枯丝核菌的寄生关系

康氏木霉与立枯丝核菌的寄生关系路炳声焦琮（山西农业大学植保系，太谷０３０８０１）ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＰＡＲＡＳＩＴＩＣＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＴＲＩＣＨＯＤＥＲＭＡＫＯＮＩＮＧＩＩＡＮＤＲＨＩＺＯＣＴＯＮＩＡＳＯＬＡＮＩＬＵＢｉｎｇ...     

外斑埃尺蠖核型多角体病毒的初步研究

外斑埃尺蠖核型多角体病毒的初步研究吴燕王贵成张梦麒王军伟（中国林业科学研究院森保所，北京１０００９１）（河南内黄县鹤壁矿务局内黄林场，内黄４５６３００）ＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＶＩＲＵＳＣＡＵＳＩＮＧＮＵＣＬＥＡＲＰＯＬＹＨＥＤＲＯ...     

释放两种捕食性瓢虫防治矢尖蚧的研究

释放两种捕食性瓢虫防治矢尖蚧的研究胡学难，李小平严起前，伍中兴（贵州科学院生物所，贵阳５５０００６）（贵州施秉县农业局，５５５１００）ＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＨＥＡＲＲＯＷＨＥＡＤＳＣＡＬＥ，ＵＮＡＳＰＩＳＹＡＮＯＮＥＮＳＩＳ［ＨＯＭ．：ＤＩＡＳＰＩＤＩ...     

几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果

几株真菌代谢产物对小菜蛾和菜青虫的杀虫效果①姚丽娟（浙江省科学院亚热带作物研究所，温州３２５００５）ＩＮＳＥＣＴＩＣＩＤＡＬＥＦＦＩＣＡＣＹＯＦＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＳＴＲＡＩＮＳＯＦＦＵＮＧＡＬＭＥＴＡＢＯＬＩＴＥＴＯＤＩＡＭＯＮＤＢＡＣＫＭＯＴＨＡＮＤＣ...     

农抗120防治花生叶斑病的试验

农抗１２０防治花生叶斑病的试验鲍林歧刘元文（山东省即墨市农业局，即墨市２６６２００）（山东省即墨市温泉镇农技站，温泉镇２６６２００）ＢＩＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＣＯＮＴＲＯＬＯＦＴＨＥＰＥＡＮＵＴＬＥＡＦＳＰＯＴ，ＣＥＲＣＯＳＰＯＲＡＡＲＡＣＨＩＤＩＣＯＬＡ...     

文山松毛虫肠道微生物区系及其感染CPV后的变化

文山松毛虫肠道微生物区系及其感染ＣＰＶ后的变化①陈世维陈尔厚索启恒段兆尧胡光辉江东福马萍钱家康（云南省林科院，昆明６５０２０４）（云南省微生物所，昆明６５０２０１）ＩＮＴＥＳＴＩＮＡＬＭＩＣＲＯＦＬＯＲＡＯＦＤＥＮＤＲＯＬＩＭＵＳＰＵＮＣＴＡＴＵＳＷ...     

基于GIS的秦巴山区土壤侵蚀空间特征分析——以陕西省宁强县为例

为了给秦巴山区宁强县的水土保持与土壤侵蚀防治提供科学依据,本研究利用遥感影像解译和GIS技术,得到研究区土地利用现状、植被覆盖和数字高程模型(DEM)等数据,并利用USLE模型计算研究区的土壤侵蚀模数。结果表明,研究区的土壤侵蚀面积轻度占47.015%,中度占33.36%,强度占12.53%。土壤侵蚀严重的地区主要分布在研究区的东北部,并且也是灌溉水田、水浇地、旱地和菜地分布的区域;本研究还运用GIS和遥感技术,选用通用土壤流失方程(USLE)成功估算了宁强县的侵蚀模数及各种侵蚀等级面积,研究结果与二调结果相符合。     

基于GIS和USLE的三江平原土壤侵蚀定量评价

运用地理信息系统(GIS)结合美国通用水土流失方程(USLE),根据研究区现状合理选择通用水土流失方程中土壤侵蚀各因子的计算方法,求算出三江平原2005年的土壤侵蚀量分布图,运用GIS的空间分析功能将研究区坡度、地貌和土地利用状况与土壤侵蚀强度等级分布图进行叠加分析,据此了解了该区域土壤侵蚀现状,土壤侵蚀的坡度和地貌分异特征以及土壤侵蚀与土地利用的关系。通过该分析以期为该区域的侵蚀防治、开展水土保持等政府宏观决策行为提供科学依据。     

内蒙古锡林郭勒盟太仆寺旗土壤侵蚀初步分析

本文以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟太仆寺旗为研究区域,在全面获取图形资料和文字资料的基础上,应用美国通用土壤流失方程(USLE模型)和风蚀相对模型分别建立太仆寺旗土壤水力侵蚀模型和风力侵蚀模型,并根据实际情况确立了模型中各参数值,预测了太仆寺旗土壤侵蚀情况,从而为阴山北麓地区土壤侵蚀的分析预测提供科学依据。     

Application of a new wind driving force model in soil wind erosion area of northern China

The shear stress generated by the wind on the land surface is the driving force that results in the wind erosion of the soil. It is an independent factor influencing soil wind erosion. The factors related to wind erosivity, known as submodels, mainly include the weather factor(WF) in revised wind erosion equation(RWEQ), the erosion submodel(ES) in wind erosion prediction system(WEPS), as well as the drift potential(DP) in wind energy environmental assessment. However, the essential factors of WF and ES contain wind, soil characteristics and surface coverings, which therefore results in the interdependence between WF or ES and other factors(e.g., soil erodible factor) in soil erosion models. Considering that DP is a relative indicator of the wind energy environment and does not have the value of expressing wind to induce shear stress on the surface. Therefore, a new factor is needed to express accurately wind erosivity. Based on the theoretical basis that the soil loss by wind erosion(Q) is proportional to the shear stress of the wind on the soil surface, a new model of wind driving force(WDF) was established, which expresses the potential capacity of wind to drive soil mass in per unit area and a period of time. Through the calculations in the typical area, the WDF, WF and DP are compared and analyzed from the theoretical basis, construction goal, problem-solving ability and typical area application; the spatial distribution of soil wind erosion intensity was concurrently compared with the spatial distributions of the WDF, WF and DP values in the typical area. The results indicate that the WDF is better to reflect the potential capacity of wind erosivity than WF and DP, and that the WDF model is a good model with universal applicability and can be logically incorporated into the soil wind erosion models.     

黄土区侵蚀对土壤内在性质的影响

通过野外调查、定位监测及室内分析方法，研究了黄土区侵蚀对土壤内在性质的影响。结果表明：土壤中＜０．０１ｍｍ颗粒流失是造成耕地土壤“粗化”、结构恶化和养分降低的主要原因；耕地土壤结构的破坏程度随坡度、侵蚀强度增大而增大，养分流失总量随坡度增大呈幂函数增大，养分减少以氮素最快。     

长春市土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分级及侵蚀背景的空间分析

在ARCGIS 8.3地理信息系统(GIS)支持下,实现了土壤侵蚀潜在危险的分级及其空间分析。首先,采用美国通用土壤侵蚀模型估算土壤侵蚀量,再用土壤年均侵蚀量、土层厚度和土壤容重得到土壤抗蚀年限图,按水利部标准将长春市土壤侵蚀潜在危险度分为五级,并提出了土壤侵蚀潜在危险指数的概念。借助GIS方法,通过分析不同坡度、不同坡向、不同地貌类型以及不同土地利用类型等背景条件下的土壤侵蚀潜在危险度情况,探讨了土壤侵蚀潜在危险度的空间分布特点。     

Assessing the effects of vegetation and precipitation on soil erosion in the Three-River Headwaters Region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

Soil erosion in the Three-River Headwaters Region (TRHR) of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China has a significant impact on local economic development and ecological environment. Vegetation and precipitation are considered to be the main factors for the variation in soil erosion. However, it is a big challenge to analyze the impacts of precipitation and vegetation respectively as well as their combined effects on soil erosion from the pixel scale. To assess the influences of vegetation and precipitation on the variation of soil erosion from 2005 to 2015, we employed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model to evaluate soil erosion in the TRHR, and then developed a method using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model (LMDI) which can exponentially decompose the influencing factors, to calculate the contribution values of the vegetation cover factor (C factor) and the rainfall erosivity factor (R factor) to the variation of soil erosion from the pixel scale. In general, soil erosion in the TRHR was alleviated from 2005 to 2015, of which about 54.95% of the area where soil erosion decreased was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor, and 41.31% was caused by the change in the R factor. There were relatively few areas with increased soil erosion modulus, of which 64.10% of the area where soil erosion increased was caused by the change in the C factor, and 23.88% was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor. Therefore, the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor were regarded as the main driving force for the decrease of soil erosion, while the C factor was the dominant factor for the increase of soil erosion. The area with decreased soil erosion caused by the C factor (12.10×10³ km²) was larger than the area with increased soil erosion caused by the C factor (8.30×10³ km²), which indicated that vegetation had a positive effect on soil erosion. This study generally put forward a new method for quantitative assessment of the impacts of the influencing factors on soil erosion, and also provided a scientific basis for the regional control of soil erosion.     

巴彦淖尔盟培育枸杞的发展前景初探

巴彦淖尔盟是自治区的商品粮基地,也是枸杞产地。解放以来种植业和果园业发展迅速,同时也产生了水土流失、盐渍化等一系列环境问题。本文根据巴彦淖尔盟的自然条件和枸杞的生长环境、生态和经济效益,提出种植枸杞治理环境,提高效益的方案,并分区域初步分析了培育枸杞的发展前景。     

西北地区生态环境的主要问题及其根源

首先分析了西北地区存在的主要生态环境问题,如水土流失、土地沙漠化、土壤盐渍化、“三废”污染等的现状及发展趋势,接着分析了导致这些恶果的原因。     

土壤表土中植物根系影响其抗蚀性的模拟降雨试验研究——以张家口试验区为例

土壤中植物根系的存在可以增强土壤的抗蚀性,溅蚀量、贯入深度和被崩解的情况等都是土壤抗蚀性的反映。通过对人工添加根系、固有根系和缺少根系三种不同土壤类型,进行的溅蚀、贯入和崩解试验,发现具有植物根系的土壤,其崩解速率远比少根系或缺少根系的土壤为慢,而根系的多少则似乎与溅蚀、贯入不存在明显的关系,后者更多地取决于土壤的颗粒组成特性。