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我国珍稀濒危植物见血封喉在海口地区集中分布于自然村落周围。为初步探讨人类活动对见血封喉种群数量特征和空间分布格局的影响,在海口地区共设置6个样地,从种群的大小级结构、静态生命表、存活曲线、空间分布格局及其动态5个方面分析了海口地区种群的数量特征和空间分布格局。结果表明:①种子的萌发率高,幼苗个体丰富,但是幼树个体缺乏,中龄期个体相对丰富,老龄期个体数量较少;纺锤型的大小级结构表明种群属于衰退型。②现存的Ⅱ、Ⅲ级个体数少,导致静态生命表中Ⅱ、Ⅲ级个体死亡率出现负值,由于接近实际寿命,在第Ⅵ级死亡率达到最高。③虽然见血封喉种子成活率较高,但由于其幼树的存活率较低,其存活曲线接近DeeveyⅢ型;但是如果剔除掉人为干扰在幼树阶段的影响,其生存曲线属于Ⅰ型,呈凸型,这表明该海口地区的环境条件较适宜见血封喉种群的生长。④种群空间分布格局总体为聚集分布,这与大多数珍稀植物种群一致;人为干扰和自然环境影响其分布格局,使种群由聚集分布转变成随机分布,后又向聚集分布发展。 相似文献
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领春木(Euptelea pleiospermum)是东亚特有珍稀濒危植物,在北川小寨子沟自然保护区主要沿河岸分布.本文采用样方法,从种群的大小级结构、静态生命表、存活曲线、空间分布格局4个方面分析了该自然保护区领春木种群的数量特征与空间分布格局.结果表明:1)幼龄期个体很少,中龄期个体相对较多,老龄期个体数量也很稀少.由此可知其大小级结构呈纺锤形,因此种群属于衰退型;2)Ⅰ、Ⅱ级个体数少,致使其在静态生命表中死亡率出现负值,个体在第Ⅳ级有一个死亡率高峰,而在第Ⅶ级死亡率达到了最高;3)虽然幼苗的存活率很低,但由于幼树的存活率较高,所以存活曲线接近Deevey Ⅰ型,表明该地区沿河岸带的环境条件比较适合领春木的生长;4)种群空间分布格局为聚集分布.为了保护和维持种群,应对群落进行适度的干扰,开辟林窗,促进领春木种子萌发,幼苗和幼树正常生长. 相似文献
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长鞭红景天种群空间分布格局 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长鞭红景天是国家第二批确定的二级保护植物,处于近危状态。该文采用相邻格子样方法取样,应用方差/均值比的t检验、丛生指标Ⅰ、扩散型指数16及其检验、Cassie指标、平均拥挤度与聚块性指标、负二项参数K、Iwao M^*对的回归分析、Taylor幂法则模型等方法,研究了长鞭红景天种群的空间分布格局。结果表明:在P1、P3和P5群落中长鞭红景天种群均表现为聚集分布,在P2、P4和P6群落中长鞭红景天种群总体上呈聚集分布与随机分布的临界状态;但各群落中聚集强度差异明显,其顺序为:P5〉P3〉P1〉P6〉P2〉P4;通过Iwao M^*对的回归模型分析和Taylor幂指数法检验也得出相似结果,即长鞭红景天种群的空间分布格局总体上呈现为聚集分布与随机分布的临界状态但偏向于聚集分布。 相似文献
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【目的】分析胡杨种群在干旱区不同地下水埋深梯度下的空间分布格局及种内竞争强度变化,探究种群空间结构对干旱环境的响应特征。【方法】在塔里木河下游3个断面处离河道1 000 m的范围内等距离布设15个50 m×50 m天然胡杨林样地,利用地面激光雷达(TLS)获取树木三维结构数据,并通过聚集指数(R)、丛生指数(I)、点格局函数g(r)等空间分布指标以及竞争指数(CI),分析空间分布格局和种内竞争强度。【结果】1)R和I指数表明,在下游不同地下水埋深梯度下,胡杨种群空间分布格局整体上呈聚集分布。2)各样地内在0~25 m半径r距离获取的g(r)函数值分析表明,大部分样地胡杨在r<5 m距离内基本呈现聚集分布格局,在r>5 m距离呈随机分布格局。随着地下水埋深增加,树木聚集分布的距离r会缩小。3)点格局函数g12(r)结果表明,不同龄级胡杨树分布格局存在差异,中龄树主要呈聚集分布,其他龄级树呈随机分布;中龄树与幼龄树、成熟树之间存在正关联性,表现出相互促进关系,而其他龄级树木之间未呈现显著关联性。4)平均CI指数随离河道距离增大呈递减趋势,单木CI随胸径增大... 相似文献
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本文提出了昆虫种群空间分型间复合的三种可能途径:简单转化和两类复合;对这分布的研究可以更清楚地解释种群空间分布格局的形成和机理。 相似文献
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本文提出了昆虫种群空间分布型间复合的三种可能途径:简单转化和两类复合;对这些分布的研究可以更清楚地解释种群空间分布格局的形成和机理。文中提出的判定复合分布型的方法包括:扩散系效法,空间相关法和改参数法;它们分别用于判定分布的聚集与否,聚集的范围和具体的分布型。对马尾松毛虫幼虫分布的研究表明,本文的模型和方法可以提供许多传统分布方法无法得到的关于分布型形成机理的信息。 相似文献
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桉树枝瘿姬小蜂种群发生规律与空间分布格局研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:8
对桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的鉴别特征和危害症状进行描述。测定结果桉树枝瘿姬小蜂种群为聚集分布,空间分布型为负二项分布,在树干和侧枝上的种群聚集度大于叶片,树干和侧枝上的种群扩散系数C、负二项分布k值、扩散指数I§、平均拥挤度m^*、L指数(个体群的平均大小)分别为46.2065,0.2811,3.5294,57.9134和58.9111,叶片上则分别为7.0401,0.9949,1.9996,9.0574和7.0500。虫瘿平均长度0.32cm,平均宽度0.22cm,平均大小0.0901cm^2。虫瘿数量和羽化孔数量主要分布在树冠枝条的上层;不同无性系桉树上的虫瘿数量在不同部位上存在差异,广林9主要危害枝条、巨桉主要危害叶片;在叶片的虫瘿数量差异上,广林9主要危害叶柄,巨桉则同时危害叶柄和中脉;已发现桉树枝瘿姬小蜂的天敌寄生蜂——长尾金小蜂。 相似文献
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Seed dispersal is a fundamental process affecting destinies of seeds and seedlings,as well as regeneration dynamics and distribution patterns of communities.Recently however,declining Populus euphratica forests have failed to regenerate by seeding,while the spatial pattern and utility of their seed rains are unclear.In this study,we designed a model to simulate seed rains based on field investigations by fitting our observations to a normal distribution and testing the model with data from three years,with acceptable results.We examined the simulated results of dispersed seeds patterns on the classification of three factors,i.e.,density of Sophora alopecuroides,surface soil moisture and surface soil salinity.The results of seed rain simulation show that over 70% of seeds were dispersed and confined to each of the three plots where their mother trees located.The proportion of 3:7 seeds dispersed inside and outside each plots remained largely unaltered.The differences in the amounts of dispersed seed among the different levels of each of the factors were not significant,although the distributing pattern of P.euphratica in each plot varied.Therefore,in P.euphratica communities,the amount of seed does not become a constraint in subsequent germination,although the surface environment does.We conclude that successful P.euphratica seed regeneration relies on less than 30% of seeds dispersed over longer distance to colonize favorable growth habitats. 相似文献
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One 50 m × 50 m standard plot was sampled in a natural forest of Populus euphratica in Awati County, situated at the edge of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The field investigation
was conducted with a contiguous grid quadrate method. By means of a test of variance/mean value ratio, aggregation intensity
index and theoretical distribution models, the spatial distribution pattern and the dynamics of primary populations in P. euphratica forest were studied. The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of two dominant arbor populations conformed
to clumped distribution. The aggregation intensity of the P. euphratica population was higher than that of P. pruinosa population. The spatial distribution pattern of two companion plant populations in the shrub layer also conformed to clump
type, though the aggregation intensity of Tamarix chinensis was higher. In the herb layer, the distribution patterns of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Asparagus persicus conformed respectively to a clumped pattern and a random pattern. The results of a Taylor power method test and Iwao’s regression model also verified that both P. euphratica and P. pruinosa populations belong to a clumped pattern. Although the distribution pattern of P. pruinosa population at different development stages all belonged to a clumped distribution pattern, the aggregation intensity dropped
gradually along with age development. The distribution patterns of the P. euphratica population at different development stages changed from random type to clumped type, and further to random type. The differences
in spatial distribution patterns of different populations at different development stages were related not only to ecological
and biological characteristics of each species in the communities in the light of competitive exclusion principle among the
populations, but were also closely related to the habitats in which the species lived in.
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Translated from Journal of Southwest Forestry College, 2007, 27(2): 1–5 [译自: 西南林学院学报] 相似文献