Torsion Vibration Test and Analysis of Main Transmission System of 1450 Rolling Mill

The torsion vibration of main transmission system of 1 450 rolling mill is tested:The torsion vibration frequency and amplification coefficient of torque are obtained.Basing on part of the measured date and theoretical analysis,the measure is developed for preventive method;it is of important theoretic sense and high engineering practical value for reducing accident and controlling torsion vibration.     

Model Test and Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Steel-concrete Joint of Hybrid Girder

To study the bearing behavior, failure mode and mechanical behavior of different structural forms of steel-concrete joint of hybrid girder, based on the hybrid girder of Jiujiang Yangtze River Highway Bridge with 818-metre main 8pan, select a pressure-resistant shear-transferred steel-concrete joint, redesign a shear-transferred only joint for contrast, carry out two scale 1:2 model specimens bearing behavior experiment, measure the strain and relative slip of steel and concrete. The results show that:the bearing capacity of the pressure-resistant shear-transferred specimen is twice than the other;the bearing plate carries about 62.5% of the axial load, the force transmission of the bearing plate reduces the steel stress、steel-concrete relative slip and the force transmission ratio of connectors, makes the load transferred more effectively.     

Numerical Analysis for Torsion of Prismatic Bars with Sectorial Cross-section

In mechanical design and application, in order to calculate torsion angle and shear stresses of prismatic bars with seetorial cross-section undergoing extemal couples, the numerical method is presented. The torsion equation is nonhomogeneous partial differential equation. First, using the method of separation of variables, torsion stress function is acquired in polar coordinate. Then, the method of boundary collocation is improved to calculate the undetermined parameters. Finally,approximate numerical solutions of stress function and shear stresses in cross-section are obtained. It is given the several calculation results of shear stresses of prismatic bars with different vertex angles. These results show that the method has some precision and application feasibility in engineering design. The method of separation of variables is combinied with the method of boundary collocation simplified calculation process.     

小麦生产的重心演变路径及偏移分析

【研究目的】准确掌握建国以来中国小麦生产的总体变动趋势,为产业结构的继续优化和调整提供参考。【方法】利用计算历年全国小麦种植面积、产量重心的方法和全国28个省（市,自治区）1949—2005年的资料,分析建国以来全国小麦种植重心、总产量重心以及单产重心的移动轨迹、偏移距离等。【结果】总体上,20世纪70年代以前小麦生产重心向北、东方向偏移比较明显,70年代以后逐渐回移并趋于平稳,说明东西部、南北方的差距经历了先加大后缩小的变化过程。通过对比分析发现,小麦单产重心偏移变化比较剧烈,总偏移距离最大,种植面积的总偏移距离最小,总产量重心的总偏移距离介于两者之间。【结论】建国以来小麦生产重心偏移总体上从剧烈走向平稳,南北方种植面积扩张速度基本平衡,西部扩张速度大于东部。     

Application of Extended Finite Element Method to Fracturing Analysis of Gravity Dam

The extended finite element method(XFEM) presented in recent years is a new and effective method for discontinuity analysis,especially fracture problem analyses.The basic XFEM principle is introduced and the technique for fracture analysis is presented.The fracturing process of a gravity dam is simulated by XFEM,and the rules of stresses and displacements distribution are analyzed.Compared with the classical finite element method,the crack growth in the gravity dam can be modeled by XFEM without making the crack surface associate with the finite element mesh and setting dense mesh near the crack tip as well as remeshing after crack growth.The cumbersome work and disadvantages in conducting fracturing analysis by the finite element method thus can be avoided.The predominance of this method for dam fracturing analysis is displayed.     

甜荞茎秆重心高度和抗折力的遗传分析

甜荞茎秆纤细和中空是造成甜荞极易倒伏的重要原因,茎秆重心高度和抗折力是影响甜荞倒伏的重要指标。以抗倒伏品种酉荞2号和易倒伏品种乌克兰大粒荞为亲本来配置正、反交组合。P₁、P₂、F₁、B₁、B₂和F₂群体茎秆重心高度和抗折力的遗传分析表明,茎秆重心高度最佳遗传模型为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因模型和2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型,以加性效应为主,主基因遗传率大于多基因遗传率,环境变异大于遗传变异,可见环境对甜荞茎秆重心高度影响极大,可通过栽培措施降低甜荞茎秆重心高度,提高抗倒伏能力。茎秆抗折力最佳遗传模型为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因模型和2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型,以加性效应为主,2对主基因间存在明显的基因互作效应,主基因遗传率大于多基因遗传率,在F₂世代没有检测到多基因遗传率,主基因遗传率在F₂世代最高,为88.94%,选择率高,可在早期世代进行选择来提高育种效率。     

Analysis of Vehicle-Bridge Coupled Vibrations for Simply Supported Girder Bridge Considering Bridge Surface Roughness

Bridge surface roughness is usually considered to be the main Influencing factors of vehicle-bridge coupled vibrations.The way that obtaine Bridge surface roughness by the transformation of power spectral density is effective and rapid.The Bridge surface roughness is obtained by Fourier inverse transform method and trigonometric series method respectively. It can be concluded from the comparision that the precision of Fourier inverse transform method is higher than trigonometric series method. The vibration functions for 4-dofs Vehicle and bridge were derived with the employment of d'Alembert principle and computational procedures for vehicle-bridge coupled vibration were compiled. The dynamic response of a simply supported beam and vehicle was analyzed considering bridge surface roughness which was obtained by Fourier inverse transform method.The research shows that the influence due to the bridge surface roughness is significiant and vehicle speed also effects the bridge vibrations by changing the frequency of the force acting on the bridge due to vehicle and the force acting on the vehicle due to bridge deformation.     

Experimental Analysis of Simply-Supported Concrete Box Girder with Web Openings model Under Double Uniformly Distributed Load

In order to satisfy the demand of the double-deck traffic in city, a concrete box girder model with rectangular web openings was designed with ratio of 1:6. Experimental study was carried out to investigate the flexural capacity of the model girder with double uniformly distributed load. The finite element model was established based on the experiment and the results agreed with measurement results. The effect of the web openings on the girder was explored. The results demonstrated that the deflection caused by load on bottom plate of box girder was 9.7% more than that of load on the top plate. The deflection of girder with web opening is 22.9%~28.1% greater than that of girder without web opening. Compared with girder without web opening, the shear lag of girder with web opening increased, of which the maximum value was 62.0% in various working conditions. simply-supported concrete box girder with web openings under double uniformly distributed load affect the flexural capacity.     

马铃薯空心块茎解剖结构及营养特点

采用比较研究法,对空心块茎与健康块茎解剖结构及营养特点的研究结果表明,无论是空心块茎还是健康块茎都是环髓区细胞大于以髓区细胞,空心块茎的细胞比健康块茎的细胞大;空心块茎环髓区细胞壁厚度比健康块茎的厚,而以髓区细胞壁厚度则比健康块茎的薄;空心块茎的淀粉、蛋白质、氮、磷、钾、镁、特别是钾、镁的含量显著低于健康块茎,但可溶性糖和还原糖含是却高于健康块茎。     

基于县域单元粮食生产空间演变与重心变化的测算分析——以广东省为例

本研究采用县域数据,以广东省121个县(区)作为研究对象,分析2000-2019年粮食生产空间演变的动态路径以及重心变化以及2000-2019年广东粮食生产的重点区域和西南地区粮食生产的变化.结果表明:中部偏东的趋势较强,并逐渐以珠三角为中心向四周移动,总体呈现"东、西扩张、北波动、珠三角收缩"的态势.此外,粮食生产逐...     

Analysis of Differential Shrinkage Deflection for PC Box girder Bridges

The long term deflection behavior of long span continuous rigid frame bridges has often attracted the attentions in engineering field. Based on the moisture diffusion theory, the calculation method of differential shrinkage deflection was proposed for PC box girder bridges. Finite Element Method(FEM) model of 2 D moisture field were established for typical cross sections of a case bridge. And the distribution law and the time variation characteristics of moisture field were analyzed. Through the deformation coupling condition of moisture field, the drying shrinkage deflection of the bridge was calculated and analyzed. It was found that the differential shrinkage deformation was significant and great error would be with the conventional method. When considering the effect of differential shrinkage, the deflection in mid span was 3.1cm larger than that of the conventional method. Thus, the differential shrinkage was the main reason for long term deflection of long span continuous rigid frame bridges.     

Mechanical Behavior and Techno economic Analysis of Twice prestressed Simply Supported Composite Beam

Excessive creep camber of prestressed concrete bridge would result in risk on the traffic safety in high speed railway. To control creep camber of presstressed concrete bridge, a new twice prestressed technology was proposed to presstressed concrete beam. Four twice prestressed simply supported box girders with different prestressed degrees were designed as an example. Its section stress, strength and crack resistance in different construction stages were analyzed. Compared the creep camber between conventional prestressed simply supported concrete beam and twice prestressed simply supported composite beam with the same prestressed steels, it was shown that twice prestressed composite beam has a smaller stress gradient. And the creep camber decreased approximately 40% to 60% with building height reduction, as well as some 10% energy saving and some amount of concrete.     

海岛棉pepc基因的克隆及序列和表达分析（英文）

 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶 (Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase)对植物生理功能行使重要的调节作用。本研究根据NCBI已公布的EST序列利用RACE和genome walking技术从海岛棉品种7124中克隆了一个新的pepc基因,命名为Gb.pepc3。该序列全长3259 bp,含有一个2910 bp的开放阅读框,编码969个氨基酸,推测分子量为110.7 kd,等电点为6.08 I。对Gb.pepc3蛋白的同源性比对和系统进化树分析显示,Gb.pepc3与已报道的其他植物的pepc相似性很高,属于C₃型pepc。荧光定量PCR结果显示Gb.pepc3在棉花各组织中广泛存在,其中在胚中表达量最高,在纤维中表达量较低。在棉花发育各个阶段Gb.pepc3表达量不同,海岛棉在开花后15天Gb.pepc3表达量达到高峰期,而陆地棉开花后20天Gb.pepc3表达量达到高峰期。海岛棉和陆地棉间表达量差异明显。     

光温要素对水稻群体茎蘖增长动态影响的分析及模拟

为研究水稻茎蘖增长阶段光温要素对茎蘖动态的影响,并验证现有茎蘖动态模拟模型中的光温影响方程,以籼型两系杂交稻陵两优268和两优培九为试验品种,进行了为期2年每年7个播期的大田试验。首先,采用Richards方程对茎蘖观测数据进行拟合,获取茎蘖增长动态的特征参数。然后,分析特征参数与茎蘖增长期内平均光温要素和气候要素的关系,并在此基础上,以光温组合因子为自变量,分别构建2个品种茎蘖增长速率和分蘖率的光温组合影响方程,将获取的方程替换水稻群体茎蘖动态模拟模型中的光温影响方程。最后,验证和比较替换前后模型的模拟结果及与实测茎蘖动态的误差。结果显示,受光温要素的共同作用,平均茎蘖增长速率和最大茎蘖密度均与光温要素显著正相关,表明光温要素不仅影响茎蘖增长速率,也影响实际最大群体茎蘖密度,这在构建的光温组合影响方程中得到了较好的反映。较现有模型,替换后模型在茎蘖增长动态上的模拟误差总体减小,模拟的茎蘖增长速率和最大茎蘖密度与实际吻合较好,但在部分验证数据上仍存在较大误差。然而,本文提出的验证和改进光温影响方程的方法,对了解光温影响机制和完善群体茎蘖动态模拟模型具有一定的参考价值。     

Two Formulas of Debt Valuation About risky Enterprise with Contingent Claims Analysis and Comparison

Risky debt valuation differs greatly from that of no risk so that under uncertainty of income flower and discount rate, usually we can not get a kind of resonlution to express the type. With no account of the discount rate, we are absorbed in property value influence under uncertainty. As generalizing the theory of option pricing, contingent claims analysis can handel debt valuation, and sometime give closed form expressions.Two formula obtained by Merton and Black&Cox, are Compared and different conditions are discussed. At last, some comment on formula of debt valuation is given.     

溃疡病不同抗性杨树SA和JA信号转导相关基因的差异表达分析

为了探讨抗、感病杨树品种受欧美杨细菌性溃疡病菌(Lonsdalea quercina subsp. Populi)诱导后植物激素相关基因的差异表达规律,为阐明杨树抵抗溃疡病菌的防卫反应机制提供试验依据。筛选了12SA和JA信号转导的相关基因,利用实时定量PCR技术分析了抗病树种‘毛白杨’(Populus tomentosa)和感病树种‘中菏1 号’(P. deltoids cv.‘Zhonghe 1’)在接种溃疡病菌后不同时间段（1、3、6、9 天）各基因的表达动态差异。结果显示,在溃疡病菌胁迫下,基因PR1-1、PR1-2、NPR1-1、NPR1-2、TGA1、TGA2、MYC2-1、MYC2-2 在抗病品种中有更高的表达量,尤其是基因PR1-1、MYC2-1、MYC2-2;基因JAZ1、COI1-1、COI1-2 在抗、感品种接种溃疡病菌后的前期皆为普遍下调表达,但在抗病品种中表达量更低;基因JAZ2 在抗、感品种中的表达量变化不大。该研究初步表明,抗病品种‘毛白杨’对溃疡病的抗性是溃疡病菌诱导了基因PR1-1、PR1-2、NPR1-1、NPR1-2、TGA1、TGA2、MYC2-1、MYC2-2 的上调表达以及基因JAZ1、COI1-1、COI1-2的下调表达,开启了SA和JA信号转导通路的结果。     

海南岛异常冷冬环流特征及其在冷冬预测中的应用

[目的]在“全年无冬”的海南岛,异常冷冬常给热带果木、橡胶树等农业及旅游业产生不利影响,因此需要对海南岛异常冷冬事件的大气环流特征及其在冷冬预测中的应用进行研究。[方法]利用近40年海南岛17个市县气象观测站逐月气温观测资料、NCEP/NCAR全球再分析格点资料、NOAA ERSST全球海温格点资料以及Nino3.4指数和AO指数以及国家气候中心提供的74项环流指数,开展了海南岛异常冷冬环流特征分析,并研究了其在冷冬趋势预测中的应用。[结果]结果表明：海南岛冬季平均气温存在年际变化特征,近年来海南岛共出现12次冷冬年,冷冬事件频发。海南岛冷冬发生期间,对流层低层冷高压加强,东亚冬季风偏强。[结论]ENSO与AO指数可以作为海南岛冷冬预测的参考依据,ENSO冷位相对应AO指数正位相,有利于诱发大气环流异常,促使海南岛出现冷冬事件。另外,利用大气环流指数建立的冬季气温距平回归预报方程能够较好地预测海南岛冬季气温趋势。     

Analysis of diffusion equation with the second and third boundary conditions based on steady state approximation

One dimensional diffusion equation is widely used to describe mass transfer in particles or droplets in a reactor. The length of the definition domain of the one-dimension Fick equation is limited, because it is determined by the scale of the particles or the droplets. The diffusion equation with a certain length of definition domain has no analytic solution unless series solution. So, to obtain approximate solutions of diffusion equation is of theoretical significance and practical significance. Firstly, assumption of constant concentration variance ratio is used instead of assumption of constant concentration frequently used in kinetics of process metallurgy. Secondly, a detail process to deal with diffusion equation based on steady state approximation is given, and the approximate solutions of the diffusion equation at certain conditions are obtained at the same time. By comparing the approximate solutions with the numerical solutions, it is concluded that the diffusive process of non-steady state is considerably well predicted by the approximate solutions, and approximate solutions accord with the situations being close to the final steady state a little better than accord with the situations being close to the begin of the diffusion, and it fairly satisfies the total mass balance.