纤维板的用途

地板,天花板,屋面板,护壁板,壁板,楼梯踏板,屋檐板,空心门板,盖屋板(木瓦),隔板,预制构件板,天窗.百叶窗板,水沟板,风雨窗板,隔间板,地下室壁板,移动隔间板,走道隔板,暗室壁板,展览室陈列板,     

一枝一叶总关情

走进中方县,映入眼帘的是一方美丽的家园,这里长空蔚蓝,山青水秀,绿树成行,芳草如茵,田野碧绿,风光旖旎,无处不是生机盎然,绿意蓬勃。以人为本,生态立县中方位于湖南省西部,怀化市中部,沅水中游,雪峰山脉西北麓,辖22个乡镇,213个行政村,总人口28.2万人。全县土地总面积14.8万公顷,其中林地面积10.3万公顷,占全县     

祖国您好

东风化雨,彩虹满天,迎着朝阳,披着霞光,鲜艳的五星红旗在雄壮的国歌声中冉冉升起。五湖四海放声歌唱,三山五岳翩然起舞,五彩缤纷的气球飞起来,铿锵有力的锣鼓敲起来,震天撼     

那株最美的花

它的命运是清苦的,没有高贵的花盆,缺少滋养生命的水分和养料。不曾有人欣赏,然而,又默默的绽放,给人以芳香。所以,在花的世界里,它是最美的那一株。前年的冬天,伴随着飘零的雪花,妻子破门而入,怀揣一株枯萎的花。这株花,也许它饥渴无比,也许它寒冷     

竹叶茶

那年春天,去乡下一家餐馆就餐。餐馆设在一处果园里,竹篱棚户,果树满园。窗外桃花正开得红艳,一些不知名的鸟儿,在树上跳跃着,啄来啄去,满园春色,沸沸扬扬地喧腾开来。隔窗而望,心快神怡。坐定,服务员送上一壶茶。白瓷的茶壶,白瓷的茶碗,洁净的很,春光,仿佛从上面莹莹地溢着。茶水倒入茶碗中,澄绿中渗着一份淡淡的黄,绝然没有浑浊感,色彩极是     

杨树秋冬造林技术

<正>1选择适宜的物候期秋季树木大量落叶至土壤封冻是最适宜的栽植时间,即10月～12月份,并且在此时期内越早越好。秋季当树苗大量落叶后,苗木地上部水分蒸腾量减少,根系处在缓慢生长阶段,此时栽植,根系还有一个小的生长高峰,伤根极易愈合,并能生长出部分新根,春天发芽时较之春季栽植的苗木就少去了一个根系愈合的过程,生理活动的顺序是根系早,地上部晚,先由根供应水和养分,再生根发芽,养分供应早,生长早,成活率高,长势旺,而春季栽植的苗木是先发芽,再由根系供应养分,一旦根系愈合较晚,就有可能造成树体养分消耗殆尽,容易出现回芽现象,影响成活率,生长势也较差。     

色盲症女生

1乔桢推开门,一阵小北风先他一步吹进教室,有个女生忍不住咳嗽起来,最初轻咳,然后听起来就有些撕心裂肺。她坐在靠暖气的地方,身体裹得像一只小棕熊。乔桢站在讲台上,开始点名,喊到江恩美时,她举起手,没有抬头,整个人恹恹地缩在外套里,精神不振,这该死的感冒啊。乔桢首先记住了她,他每讲几句话,她就在下面咳,伴奏一样。后来,大家觉得实在有趣,就开始笑。乔桢的第一堂课,就这样匆匆结束了。她最后一个走出教室,     

植树特写

首语每人三五棵,绿树栽满坡,三年五载连成片,世代幸福歌。党中央率先垂范,贵在年年,举动有限,传播无限。全国人民抬望眼,万水千山碧连天。星火燎原,绿满江山。省部长不尚空谈,比着干。一年绿一点,五年绿一片,十年绿满园。环境问题无小事,不绿家园枉为官;堆金囤银强生态,郁郁葱葱到永远。直一下腰,抹二把汗,望几眼碧绿,甜透心间。登高望,细心盘算,明年定绿那片山。     

绿化新秀--毛叶山桐子

毛叶山桐子（Var vestita Diels）,属大风子科,山桐子属,是山桐子（Idesia polycarpa Maxim.）的变种.落叶乔木,高8～15 m,树皮光滑,灰白色,皮孔大而明显.叶卵形至卵状心形,厚纸质,长8～16 cm,宽6～14 cm,先端锐尖至短渐尖,基部心形或近心形.叶缘有疏锯齿,表面光滑有光泽,背面密生灰色短柔毛,基部掌状5～7出脉,叶柄红色,长6～15 cm,圆柱形,幼具短柔毛,顶端有两个较大腺体.圆锥花序长15～30 cm,下垂,花黄绿色,芳香.浆果球形,红色、直径6～8mm,有多数种子,种子卵形,褐色,长1mm,径0.3 mm.花期5～6月,果熟期9～11月.     

银川园林——塞上江南一奇葩

相传,在很久很久以前,一只美丽的凤凰从南方飞来,发现了一片绿洲:贺兰山雄距西北,重峦叠嶂,势若奔马;黄河襟带东南,不舍昼夜,款款北流;山河之间,稻针织绿,麦浪翻金,渠网平畴,水映晴光;满眼望去,是一片绵绵芊芊的鲜嫩绿色。于是,美丽的凤凰留下了,留在这风光秀美的塞上江南,变成     

Browsing Damage on Pine (Pinus sylvestris and P. contorta) by a migrating moose (Alces alces) Population in Winter: Relation to Habitat Composition and Road Barriers

In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads.     

Effects of Root Freezing on the Physiology and Growth of Picea glauca,Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana Seedlings Under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage.     

Stand Structure in Pine,Spruce and Deciduous Forests: A Comparison Between Finnish and Russian Karelia

This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland.     

Growth and Terminal Bud Formation in Picea abies Seedlings Grown with Alternating Diurnal Temperature and Different Light Qualities

The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions.     

CAD与建筑设计的关系

本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。     

Natural Regeneration in Clear-cuts: Effects of Scarification,Slash Removal and Clear-cut Age

The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided.     

Risk Perception Among Non-industrial Private Forest Owners

Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken.     

Interactions in decomposition and N mineralization between tropical legume residue components

In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts (stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea, largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols. Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its components are mixed.     

Pasture production and tree growth in a young pine plantation fertilized with inorganic fertilizers and milk sewage in northwestern Spain

The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization, (2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha⁻¹ target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha⁻¹. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha⁻¹) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha⁻¹). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea (Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m², with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral systems. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.