Effect of mixed feeds containing different levels of olive cake on fattening performance,carcass, meat quality and fatty acids of lambs

In this study, the effects of diet including different levels of olive cake were investigated on the fattening performance, blood parameters, certain slaughtering traits, and carcass quality of lambs. Thirty-six male lambs were used in the experiment. The lambs were randomly assigned to three groups with 12 lambs each. Groups included control, 12.5 and 25% olive cake (OC). The mixed feeds were offered ad libitum. All lambs were also allowed to consume alfalfa hay (83.8 g DM/animal/day). The experiment lasted for a period of 56 days. The effect of different levels of olive cake was not found different in fattening performance values of lambs in 0–56 days (P > 0.05). Carcass weight, pH, and yield were not different (P > 0.05). While the values of color parameters, cooking loss, tenderness, and ether extract level of longissimus dorsi muscle (MLD) was not found different (P > 0.05), it was determined that the levels of olive cake increased the water-holding capacity of meat (P < 0.05). Furthermore, although the levels of olive cake were shown to decrease total n-3 and total saturated fatty acids (Σ SFA), they also increased total n-6, n-6/n-3 ratio, total monounsaturated fatty acids (Σ MUFA), and total polyunsaturated fatty acids (Σ PUFA) were not different (P > 0.05).     

Changes in biochemical indicators in the blood and organs of pigs fed dried grape press cake]

In two experiments the effect of feeding dried crushed white and red grape press cake replacing 10--20% of the complex feed mixture A1 and SOL, was studied on the 21 biochemical indicators of blood serum, plasma, suprarenal glands, liver and tissue of fattened pigs. Changes indicating unsuitability of this non-traditional feed were not observed. During feeding red grape press cake, the young pigs of 35kg body weight had a lower concentration of glucose in blood serum, in comparison with the control. The temporary increase of calcium level and decrease of inorganic phosphorus in these animals was accompanied by a lower activity of alkaline phosphatase. White and red grape press cake affected positively the vitamin E level in blood serum. In the muscles of the experimental slaughter pigs protein proportion was increased and fat proportion was decreased.     

颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标、瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响

[目的]研究颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标、瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响。[方法]选择体重相近的健康去势滩羊20只,随机分成两组,每组10只;对照组饲喂含有10%菊花粕的颗粒日粮,试验组饲喂含有6%柠条和4%菊花粕的颗粒日粮;开展周期为50天的育肥试验,测定滩羊的生长性能指标;育肥试验结束后,测定滩羊血液生化指标;屠宰后测定滩羊的屠宰性能指标,并取瘤胃液测定瘤胃发酵指标;取背腰最长肌,测定粗脂肪、粗蛋白、氨基酸含量以及脂肪酸组成。[结果]试验组和对照组滩羊的初始体重和终末体重无显著（P>0.05）差异;试验组平均日增重较对照组降低10.84%,差异不显著（P>0.05）;对照组平均日采食量显著（P<0.05）高于试验组;两组试验羊料肉比相同。试验组滩羊血清中的总蛋白含量显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,其他血液生化指标无显著（P>0.05）差异。对照组滩羊屠宰率比试验组高1.59%,差异不显著（P>0.05）;两组试验羊肝脏重、肝脏指数、心脏和肺脏重、心脏和肺脏指数差异不显著（P>0.05）。试验组滩羊瘤胃液中丁酸浓度显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,异戊酸浓度显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。对照组和试验组滩羊背腰最长肌中分别检测出18种和20种脂肪酸,粗蛋白含量分别为17.51%和20.92%,粗脂肪含量分别为3.22%和3.89%,总氨基酸含量分别为13.25%和14.09%。[结论]颗粒日粮中加入柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标和屠宰性能影响不明显,但可改善瘤胃发酵,丰富羊肉中脂肪酸组成及含量,增加肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸含量。     

Effect of a reduction of dietary particle size by substituting a mixture of fibrous by-products for lucerne hay on performance and digestion of growing rabbits and lactating does

The effect of a reduction of dietary particle size by the substitution of a mixture of paprika meal, sugar-beet pulp and soya bean hulls for lucerne hay was evaluated in rabbits. Four isonutritive diets were formulated containing a decreasing proportion of large particles (> 0.315 mm) 24.1%, 22.0%, 20.6% and 18.9%. Nutrient digestibility, caecotrophy and caecal traits were determined using 9 growing rabbits per diet. Growth and lactation performance was determined in 45 weanling rabbits and 13 rabbit does per diet, respectively. The diet with the shortest particle size increased by 20% the weight of caecal contents and reduced feed intake of fattening rabbits, lactating does and suckling rabbits (21–30 d of age) by 7%, 10% and 30%, respectively, with respect to the average of the other three diets. It also decreased growth in fattening rabbits, milk production and litter weight at weaning by 6%, 13% and 18%, respectively. Feed efficiency decreased by 7% in rabbit does and was not affected during fattening, as the decrease in performance was parallel to a higher (+ 3%) digestible energy concentration in this diet. Reduction of particle size also increased NDF digestibility and caecal volatile fatty acid concentration. It is concluded that a minimal proportion of large particles (> 0.315 mm) of 20.6% is required to maximise growth and lactation performance in rabbits.     

日粮中添加乡土草对獭兔健康、屠宰性能和消化系统的影响

为研究不同比例乡土草日粮对獭兔免疫指标、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)、屠宰性能、消化器官发育指标的影响,从而探讨獭兔日粮中乡土草的适宜替代比例。试验选用健康无病、精神状态良好的110日龄试验兔30只(公母各半),按性别随机分为3组,每组10只。试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮(对照组),试验Ⅱ组饲喂15%乡土草草粉+85%基础日粮,试验Ⅲ组饲喂30%乡土草草粉+70%基础日粮。预试期7d,正试期30d。结果表明,试验Ⅲ组和试验Ⅱ组脾脏指数、血清免疫球蛋白A(immunoglobulin A,IgA)含量均显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P0.05)。试验Ⅲ组活重、胴体重分别显著高于试验Ⅰ组11.5%、13.1%(P0.05)。3个试验组獭兔AKP活性随着日粮乡土草含量的升高而降低(P0.05)。3个试验组均未出现腹泻、死亡现象。试验Ⅲ组十二指肠比重、空肠比重分别显著高于试验Ⅰ组16.2%、39.2%(P0.05);试验Ⅲ组盲肠比重低于试验Ⅰ组26.7%(P0.05);其余消化器官发育指标各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,獭兔自由采食30%乡土草草粉有利于体质健康和提高屠宰性能,乡土草可以用作獭兔的基础日粮原料使用。     

Thyroid function, metabolic indices and growth performance in pigs fed 00-rapeseed meal

Thyroid function and morphology, liver morphology, some metabolic indices, haematological parameters and growth performance of fattening pigs fed 00-rapeseed meal (00-RPM) were examined. The control group was fed on a standard diet containing 6% sunflower seed meal (SM) during the growing period and 8% during the finishing period. The first experimental group was fed a diet in which SM was replaced by equal (6% and 8%) amounts of 00-RPM. The second experimental group was fed with a higher (8% and 10%) amount of 00-RPM. There were no significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Thyroid gland and liver weights were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in both groups fed 00-RPM than in the group fed SM. The epithelium of the thyroid gland was cuboidal or columnar and the follicular area was moderately enlarged in pigs fed 00-RPM. Marked changes in liver histology were not observed. The 00-RPM diet increased (P < 0.01) the serum values of total proteins in the first fattening period. At the end of fattening both groups fed 00-RPM had higher (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) concentrations of plasma glucose than the control group. The inclusion of 10% of 00-RPM during the finishing period increased (P < 0.05) the serum values of insulin. Daily weight gain during the growing and the finishing period was higher (P < 0.05) in the experimental groups than in the control group. The results suggest that 6-10% 00-RPM can be used as a protein source in the diet of fattening pigs without poisonous side effects.     

An In vitro Evaluation of Some Unconventional Ruminant Feeds in Terms of the Organic Matter Digestibility,Energy and Microbial Biomass

In vitro organic matter apparent digestibility (IVOMAD), true digestibility (IVOMTD), metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL), microbial nitrogen (MN) and synthesis of microbial biomass (MBM) were estimated to predict the nutritive values of some agricultural by-products, drought-tolerant range plants and browses. The relationships between in vitro gas production (GP), and true or apparent digestibility, MN and MBM were studied utilizing an in vitro incubation technique. The values of IVOMAD, IVOMTD, ME, NEL, GP, MBM and MN varied with the studied experimental materials. The true fermentation of the outside part of Atriplex leucoclada produced a higher volume of gas than the middle or the inside parts, and this was associated with an increase in the values of IVOMAD, IVOMTD, ME and NEL. However, screening off the wood from olive cake to obtain olive cake pulp increased the IVOMAD, IVOMTD, ME, NEL and the volume of gas production from the true fermented material. One ml of gas was generated from the true degradation of 5 mg of wheat straw, Moringa oleifera, Alhagi camelorum, Eucaliptus camaldulensis and A. leucoclada, from 11 mg of Prosopsis stephaniana and olive cake pulp, and from 20 mg of olive cake or olive cake wood. The amount of MN or MBM produced from 100 mg of truly fermented organic matter depended on the kind of the fermented material and amounted to 0.7–2.9 mg or 8–34 mg, respectively. Crude fibre was negatively correlated to IVOMAD, IVOMTD, ME and NEL. Gas production was positively correlated to IVOMAD and IVOMTD but negatively correlated to MBM and MN.     

Effect of neutral detergent soluble fibre on digestion, intestinal microbiota and performance in twenty five day old weaned rabbits

The effect of neutral detergent soluble fibre (NDSF) level on digestibility, fermentation traits, intestinal microbiota and performance was studied in weaned rabbits. A control diet (DA) containing 103 g NDSF/kg DM included dehydrated alfalfa as the main source of fibre. Another diet (B-AP) was formulated by replacing half of the dehydrated alfalfa with a mixture of beet and apple pulp resulting in 131 g NDSF/kg DM. A third diet (OH) was obtained by substituting half of the dehydrated alfalfa with a mix of oat hulls and a soybean protein concentrate and contained 79 g NDSF/kg DM. All diets contained similar levels of total fibre (NDSF + neutral detergent fibre), starch and protein (446, 208, and 199 g/kg DM, respectively). Forty-two rabbits (14/diet) weaned at 25 days were used to determine faecal digestibility from 32 to 35 days of age. This group, plus another nine rabbits/diet (23/diet), were used to determine weight of stomach and caecum and their contents, caecal fermentation traits and similarity rate (SR) of intestinal microbiota. Another 105 and 245 weaned rabbits were used to determine growth traits and mortality, respectively. From 25 to 39 days of age, rabbits were fed the experimental diets and from 39 to 60 days they were fed a commercial diet, including robenidine hydrochloride in all diets. Drinking water was supplemented with apramicine sulfate and tylosine tartrate throughout the experimental period. Faecal and energy digestibility increased linearly by 8% and NDF digestibility by 43% between extreme diets with NDSF inclusion (P < 0.001). Weight of total gastrointestinal tract decreased linearly and quadratically with NDSF reduction (P = 0.008 and P = 0.089, respectively). Stomach pH decreased linearly with increasing levels of NDSF (P ≤ 0.041). Weight of caecal contents increased linearly between animals fed OH and B-AP diets (P < 0.001). Level of inclusion of NDSF had no effect (P ≥ 0.12) on pH, VFA concentration and VFA molar proportions in caecal contents. Treatments appeared to influence the SR of caecal microbiota but a lesser effect was observed on ileal microbiota. Post weaning feed efficiency (25–39 days) increased linearly (P < 0.001) with NDSF inclusion by 10% between extreme diets, and by 3% in the whole fattening period (P = 0.027). Average feed intake during the post weaning (25–39 days) and the whole fattening period increased with NDSF reduction (P ≤ 0.079). No effect of NDSF was detected on average daily gain (P ≥ 0.15). Mortality decreased linearly with increasing levels of NDSF in the post weaning and in the whole fattening period (P = 0.086 and 0.016, respectively).     

Liver diseases of fattening bulls]

The authors report on occurrence, causes and diagnostics of liver affections observed in fattening bulls in Ukrainia between 1982 and 1988. For this purpose, 2747 bulls in 10 fattening plants had been controlled clinically once during the last month of their final fattening period (lasting, according to the feeding schedule, from the 4th until the 12th, or from the 6th until the 18th month of life), and 1318 of them were controlled for eventual hepatic lesions at slaughter. The authors found an increase in liver affections during the final fattening period. The type of lesion found preferentially in the different fattening plants showed a certain correlation with feeding used in these: The prevalence of liver lesions (i.e. in 87.2% of the animals controlled) were found in fattening bulls fed cereal branstraw-pellets; among these, liver abscesses were most frequent (i.e. 55.2% of all lesions observed in this group). Steatosis of the liver was prevalent in fattening bulls receiving eating offalls (i.e. 82.7% of all lesions found in that group), whereas liver cirrhosis was prevalent in fattening bulls fed with sugar beet chips-silage. In Holstein-bulls, liver lesions were about double as frequent as in Fleckvieh-bulls (i.e. 37.3 and 16.7% of the livers controlled were found involved, respectively). Diagnostical value of several clinical parameters controlled is discussed (i.e. size and sensitivity of liver percussion field, activity of SDH, LDH, AST and ALT in serum, serum concentration of vitamin A, D3-25 and E, concentration of Vitamin A in liver, and concentration of cholic acids and of their glucoconjugates in bile).     

Humoral and cellular immune response of rabbits to Psoroptes cuniculi, the rabbit scab mite.

Rabbits infested for the first time with Psoroptes cuniculi (Group A) and heavily infested ones with unkown aetiology (Group B) were examined for specific serum antibody activity and responsiveness of their peripheral blood lymphocytes by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lymphocyte transformation assay methods. These parameters were examined after treatment with ivetmectin and after subsequent challenge infestation with P. cuniculi. Group A rabbits developed a small number of mite-caused lesions, and exhibited a significant P. cuniculi antigen-induced T cell response and a high level were observed to be suppressed in Group B rabbits that were highly susceptible to P. cuniculi.     

苜蓿草粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清抗氧化及免疫性能相关指标的影响

【目的】该试验通过研究添加不同比例苜蓿草粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化性能以及免疫指标的影响,以探明育肥猪饲粮中苜蓿草粉的较优添加比例。【方法】选取健康、平均体重(75.5±1.03)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪120头,随机均分为4组,每组6个重复,1个重复1栏。分别在基础饲粮中添加0(对照组)、5%、10%、15%的苜蓿草粉进行饲喂试验,预试期7 d,正式期45 d。测定每头猪初始体重、终末体重及每栏日采食量;试验结束后,每栏随机抽取1头猪,通过前腔静脉采血10 mL,测定血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及免疫球蛋白含量。【结果】与对照组相比,各试验组平均日增重均显著降低(P<0.05),5%和10%苜蓿组料重比(F/G)无显著差异(P>0.05),而15%苜蓿组料重比显著提高(P<0.05);各试验组抗氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著提高(P<0.05);5%苜蓿组甘油三酯(TG)含量显著提高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05);10%苜蓿组总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均显著提高(P<0....     

Rabbit metabolic response and selected meat quality traits: Evaluation of dietary PLX®23 and LycoBeads® feed supplement

Effects of dietary supplementation of verbascoside and lycopene, alone and in combination, on some blood parameters, plasma oxidative status and meat quality traits in intensively reared rabbits were investigated. The test lasted 60 days and was conducted on 200 weaned‐rabbits, divided into four groups of 50 animals each (5 animals each cage × 10 repetitions). The control group (CON) received a fattening feed without any feed supplements, whereas the experimental groups received the following: the first, an integration in 22 g of PLX^®23 (Lippia citriodora extract; VB group) per ton of feed; the second, an integration in 100 g of LycoBeads^® (Solanum lycopersicum extract; LIC group) per ton of feed; and the third, an integration of both feed supplements in combination at the same doses (LIC+VB group). The dietary supplementation with Lippia citriodora and Solanum lycopersicum resulted in an improvement of the blood lipid profile, oxidative plasma markers, and hepatic and renal activity of treated growing rabbits. Feed additives also produced meat with a lower content in SFA and an increased PUFA content, and inhibited the lipid oxidation improving the oxidative stability of rabbit meat. The dietary supplementation, even reporting no effects on productive parameters and carcass yield, showed an improvement on several blood parameters, as indicator of animal welfare, and on quality and healthy meat markers.     

发酵刺梨渣对贵州水牛×摩拉水牛杂交育肥牛生产性能、肉品质、胃肠道及血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究发酵刺梨渣对贵州水牛×摩拉水牛杂交育肥牛生产性能、肉品质、胃肠道发育、血液生化指标的影响.试验选取30头健康贵州水牛×摩拉水牛杂交育肥牛,随机分为3组,每组10头.对照组、试验组1和试验组2饲粮中分别添加0、13％、18％的发酵刺梨渣进行饲喂试验.试验周期90 d.结果显示:3组杂交育肥牛平均日增重差异不显...     

Effects of different fibre sources and fat addition on cholesterol and cholesterol-related lipids in blood serum, bile and body tissues of growing pigs

Knowledge is limited on the efficacy of hindgut-fermentable dietary fibre to reduce blood, bile and body tissue cholesterol levels. In three experiments with growing pigs the effects of different kinds and levels of bacterially fermentable fibre (BFS) on cholesterol metabolism were examined. Various diets calculated to have similar contents of metabolizable energy were supplied for complete fattening periods. In the first experiment, a stepwise increase from 12 to 20% BFS was performed by supplementing diets with fermentable fibre from sugar beet pulp (modelling hemicelluloses and pectin). Beet pulp, rye bran (modelling cellulose) and citrus pulp (pectin) were offered either independently or in a mixture in the second experiment. These diets were opposed to rations characterized in carbohydrate type by starch either mostly non-resistant (cassava) or partly resistant (maize) to small intestinal digestion. The third experiment was planned to explore the interactions of BFS from citrus pulp with fat either through additional coconut oil/palm kernel oil blend or full-fat soybeans. In all experiments the increase of the BFS content was associated with a constant (cellulose) or decreasing (hemicelluloses, pectin) dietary proportion of non-digestible fibre. In experiment 1 an inverse dose-response relationship between BFS content and cholesterol in blood serum and adipose tissue as well as bile acid concentration in bile was noted while muscle cholesterol did not respond. In experiment 2 the ingredients characterized by cellulose and hemicelluloses/pectin reduced cholesterol-related traits relative to the low-BFS-high-starch controls whereas, except in adipose tissue cholesterol content, the pectinous ingredient had the opposite effect. However, the changes in serum cholesterol mainly affected HDL and not LDL cholesterol. Adipose tissue cholesterol also was slightly lower with partly resistant starch compared to non-resistant starch in the diet. Experiment 3 showed that the use of citrus pulp increased serum cholesterol concentrations when levels were low in the corresponding low-BFS diets (low-fat and soy bean diets), but caused no further increase in the coconut-oil/palm kernel oil blend diet. From the present results it seems that fermentable hemicelluloses have a more favourable effect of decreasing metabolic cholesterol and related traits than hardly digestible fibre, fermentable cellulose or, particularly, pectin. Furthermore, some types of fibre expressed a certain potential to reduce cholesterol content of fat pork and pork products by up to 10% (experiment 1) and 25% (experiment 2).     

Evaluation of haematological,serum biochemical and histopathological parameters of growing rabbits fed Amaranthus dubius

Amaranthus dubius is an alternative source of fibre and protein for the feed formulation for growing rabbits, although its effects on their health status are yet unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of three dietary levels (0, 160 and 320 g/kg) of A. dubius on haematological, serum biochemical and histopathological parameters of fattening rabbits. One hundred and thirteen New Zealand White rabbits were fed ad libitum from weaning (35 days) to slaughter (87 days). The health status of the animals was monitored, and mortality was recorded. Before slaughtering, 30 rabbits were randomly selected for haematological and serum biochemical analysis. During slaughter, 18 rabbits were randomly selected for histopathological study in heart, liver, lung and small intestine. The health status of rabbits was good, with no differences among treatments in mortality. Diet and sex did not affect the values of most haematological and serum biochemical parameters. Fibrinogen, glucose and high‐density lipoprotein values increased significantly from 0 to 320 g/kg A. dubius diets. The white blood cell count and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase values decreased significantly from 0 to 320 g/kg A. dubius diets. The organs showed histologically well‐structured tissues. However, in all experimental groups several samples with lesions were observed, always highly focalized in small tissue areas. The main lesions observed, probably related to conditions of thermal stress affecting the rabbits, were cholesterolosis (heart), steatosis (liver), inflammatory lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate (lung) and chronic inflammatory tissue damage (small intestine). In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 320 g/kg A. dubius in diet did not jeopardize the health status of growing rabbits. Therefore, A. dubius can become an alternative raw material for the formulation of feeds in tropical and subtropical countries where this plant is widespread.     

饲料中不同水平的玉米柠檬酸渣对育肥猪增重效果的影响

为研究饲料中添加不同比例的玉米柠檬酸渣对育肥猪增重效果的影响,试验选取40头60 kg左右的育肥猪,采用单因素完全随机分为5个处理组,每个处理组8头猪.对照组饲喂"玉米+豆粕"型基础日粮,4个试验组分别饲喂含有3％、6％、9％和12％的玉米柠檬酸渣饲粮.结果表明:⑴4个试验组与对照组平均日采食量差异不显著(P〉0.05...     

热应激条件下藿朴蒲苓散对育肥羔羊生长性能、消化性能和血清生化指标的影响

针对夏季绵羊遭受严重热应激现状,研究日粮中添加中草药组方(藿朴蒲苓散)对夏季育肥羔羊生长性能、消化性能、瘤胃发酵参数及血清生化指标的影响。选择200只体重相近、年龄一致的健康育肥公羔羊,随机分为4组,分别饲喂0%(对照组)、0.5%、1.0%和1.5%藿朴蒲苓散,试验期30 d,试验期间舍内温湿指数平均达79.11。试验末检测育肥羔羊生长性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标。结果表明：1)饲喂0.5%藿朴蒲苓散的羊日增重显著高于对照组(P < 0.01);日饮水量和日采食量在不同组间未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。从生理指标分析,饲喂中草药的羊直肠温度和呼吸频率与对照组比较均未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。2)0.5%组的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白、钙和磷等养分表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),DM消化率较对照组提高7.20%(P < 0.01),而1.0%和1.5%组的消化率较对照组未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。3) 从血清生化指标上,3个给药组的生长激素均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),0.5%组含量最高,较对照组提高16.90%;且0.5%组的甲状腺素含量显著高于其他组(P < 0.05)。4)从瘤胃发酵参数分析,3个给药组总挥发性脂肪酸含量、乙酸和丁酸含量均显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),分别是对照组的1.19~1.30倍、1.18~1.24倍和1.28~1.43倍。综上,本试验条件下,日粮中添加藿朴蒲苓散有助于缓解育肥羔羊的热应激,添加量以0.5%效果更佳。     

不同颗粒日粮对滩羊育肥羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

旨在探究不同颗粒日粮对育肥羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响.选取体重相近、(70±10)日龄的滩羊羯羔羊60只,随机分为4组:对照组(n=15)、试验Ⅰ组(n=15)、试验Ⅱ组(n=15)、试验Ⅲ组(n=15).对照组饲喂自配全混合日粮(40％自配精饲料+60％自配粗饲料),试验Ⅰ组饲喂50％自配全混合日...     

刺糖对家兔血糖影响的初探

[目的]探讨刺糖水提剂对家兔血糖的影响。[方法]将12只健康新西兰大白兔随机分为6组,除空白对照组不做处理外,分别肌肉注射一定剂量的30%刺糖水提剂、15%刺糖水提剂、7.5%刺糖水提剂、25%葡萄糖＋30%刺糖水提剂、25%葡萄糖。各处理组及对照组在注射前（0 min）和注射后10、20、30、60、120、240、360、480、600、720 min分别耳缘静脉采血并分离血清,利用酶标仪测定血糖含量。[结果]高、中、低剂量的刺糖水提剂对家兔的血糖影响作用不明显;30%刺糖水提剂＋25%葡萄糖与单独使用25%葡萄糖和单独使用30%刺糖水提剂相比,对家兔血糖浓度的影响差异不显著。[结论]刺糖水提剂对家兔血糖的影响不明显。     

中草药、甘露寡糖和抗生素对蛋雏鸡抗氧化机能与血液生化指标的影响

选用中草药:女贞子(LL)、五味子(SC)、四君子汤(SJZT)与六味地黄丸(LWDHW)以及甘露寡糖(MOS)和黄霉素作饲料添加剂,通过测定蛋雏鸡血清、心脏、肝脏和肾脏组织中过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性与丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及血清生化指标,研究上述饲料添加剂对蛋雏鸡抗氧化机能与血清生化指标的影响。结果显示:(1)SC与LWDHW显著提高血清SOD活性,LL显著提高心脏SOD活性,试验所用这几种添加剂对蛋雏鸡肝脏和肾脏SOD活性无显著影响;(2)LL和SC显著提高血清和心脏GR活性(P<0.05),SJZT显著提高心脏和肝脏GR活性(P<0.05),试验所用几种添加剂对雏鸡肾脏GR活性无明显影响;(3)LL显著降低血清和心脏MDA含量,SJZT显著降低心脏MDA含量,试验所用这几种添加剂对蛋雏鸡肝脏和肾脏MDA含量无显著影响;(4)试验所用这几种添加剂对蛋雏鸡血清生化指标无显著影响。