天然色素稳定剂研究

本文介绍从天然植物中提取一种天然产物作为天然色素的稳定剂,可使天然色素的稳定性大大提高,褪色、变色现象很小。这对天然色素的应用有很大的推动作用。     

饲用玉米遗传育种概述

饲用玉米是一种具有较大开发利用价值的特用玉米。近年来，有了一定的发展，本文概述了饲用玉米育种的历史与现状，展望了我国饲用玉米前景及发展方向。     

饲用色素虾青素的生产与应用

自然界中大多数动物自身不能合成类胡萝卜素,动物及动物产品所具有的色彩缤纷的颜色大多归功于类胡萝卜素及其衍生物,这些色素来源于动物的日粮。对于人工饲养的动物,长期以来人们只注重常规营养素的平衡与供给,往往忽略一些非常规成分的添加,从而使动物从日粮中获取这些成分的机会越来越少,最终导致动物及其产品失去了自然条件下生长所应有的特征与品质,以至于一定程度上影响了产品的质量及消费者的购买欲望。随着人民生活水平的提高,饲料工业、养殖业及动物营养研究的发展,饲料中这些非常规成分的作用愈来愈得到人们的重视。虾青素(ａｓｔ…     

影响天然色素利用的因素

天然色素被广泛利用，影响其利用的主要因素除了天然色素自身的可利用性、稳定性和效用性外，还会受到日粮中脂肪、抗氧化剂、VA、钙、抗营养因子等的影响，另外，畜禽品种、饲粮摄入量和饲养管理条件也同样产生一定的影响。     

食用天然色素开发与应用

经计算机检索，近１０年国内食用天然色素有１００余篇，本文介绍５种色素的提取、市场和原料情况。     

天然色素对肉鸡着色效果研究

本试验采用单因子试验设计，共 4个处理；选取 22日龄体重和脚胫颜色相近的优质 AA肉鸡 540只，随机分成 12栏，每栏 45只，一栏为一个重复。试验共进行 28天，分不添加“金黄素－ Y”（空白组）和添加三个不同浓度的“金黄素－ Y”（ 0.05％， 0.10％， 0.15％）试验组，进行肉鸡饲养试验和屠宰试验。试验结果表明：添加“金黄素－ Y”极显著提高了试鸡脚胫和皮肤的着色（ p<0.01）。试验肉鸡后期（后 28天）日粮中添加 0.1％“金黄素－ Y”可达到理想的脚胫着色（罗氏比色扇 5.8级）和皮肤着色（罗氏比色扇 4.2级）；日粮中添加 0.15％“金黄素－ Y”可达到更佳的皮肤着色（罗氏比色扇 5.3级）；同时添加“金黄素－ Y”明显改善了饲料颗粒的外观色泽，对试鸡的日增重、料肉比和死亡率无显著影响。     

天然色素叶黄素在蛋鸡生产中的应用

本文综述了天然色素叶黄素的结构理化性质,植物性来源,在蛋鸡体内的吸收沉积过程及影响天然色素对蛋黄着色的主要因素.     

桑椹天然食用色素的提取工艺研究

桑椹色素是一种新型的食用天然色素,属花青素类的水溶性色素,饮料制品以万分之二着色,色感好,无异味。提取时可用纯水作溶剂,干桑果的料液配比以1:10、提取温度以75℃、提取时间以2小时为宜,用二次浸提工艺,色素得率可达73.36%。     

Zinc bioavailability in feed-grade sources of zinc

Chick bioassays were used to assess bioavailability of zinc (Zn) from inorganic Zn sources. A soy isolate-dextrose diet containing 13 mg Zn/kg diet was supplemented with feed-grade sources of ZnSO4.H2O (ZnSO4) or ZnO and fed for 2 wk after a 7-d Zn-depletion protest period. Bioavailability of Zn in ZnO relative to ZnSO4 (set at 100%) was determined by multiple regression slope-ratio methodology, using both growth and tibia Zn accumulation in chicks fed graded levels of ZnO and ZnSO4. Linear responses for gain and tibia Zn occurred at dietary Zn levels (ZnSO4.7H2O) between 13 mg/kg (basal) and 33 mg/kg (gain) or 53 mg/kg (total tibia Zn). Therefore, two bioavailability assays were conducted using supplemental Zn levels of 0, 7.5 and 15 mg/kg from each Zn source. When weight gain was regressed on supplemental Zn intake, bioavailability of Zn in ZnO was only 61.2% (P less than .01) that of ZnSO4. When total tibia Zn was regressed on supplemental Zn intake, bioavailability of Zn compared with ZnSO4 (set at 100.0%) was 44.1% (P less than .001) for ZnO. With chicks fed soy-based diets, bioavailability of Zn from ZnO was less than that of ZnSO4.     

饲用磷脂的特性与质量控制

本文综述了饲用磷脂的物理化学特性和品控标准，并提出了相应的质量鉴别及控制方法。对饲用磷脂的贸易及饲料品质的管理和控制有一定的指导意义。     

饲料级L-苏氨酸镧配合物的合成

通过水溶液直接合成法制得L-苏氨酸镧,研究了L-苏氨酸镧的产率与反应的投料比、时间、温度、酸度等因素的关系。结果表明:生产L-苏氨酸镧的最佳条件为:NL-Thr:NLaCl3=1.2∶1,pH5.5,温度65～75℃,反应时间8h。     

饲料级磷酸氢钙生产工艺的研究进展

随着我国畜牧业的快速发展,饲料级磷酸氢钙作为一种优良的家禽、家畜饲料添加剂,其需求量和安全性要求日益提高.文章对国内外饲料级磷酸氢钙生产工艺的研究进展做了较为系统的阐述.     

The use of feed-grade amino acids in lactating sow diets

Background: The use of feed grade amino acids can reduce the cost of lactation feed. With changing genetics,increasing feed costs, and higher number of pigs weaned with heavier wean weights further evaluation of higher inclusion levels of feed-grade amino acid in lactation diets than previously published is warranted. Two experiments(Exp.) were conducted to determine the optimal inclusion level of L-lysine HCl to be included in swine lactation diets while digestible lysine levels remain constant across dietary treatments and allowing feed grade amino acids to be added to the diet to maintain dietary ratios relative to lysine to maximize litter growth rate and sow reproductive performance. Furthermore, the studies were to evaluate minimal amino acid ratios relative to lysine that allows for optimal litter growth rate and sow reproductive performance.Results: Exp. 1: Increasing L-lysine HCl resulted in similar gilt feed intake, litter, and reproductive performance.Average litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.51, 2.49, 2.59, 2.43, and 2.65 kg/d when gilts were fed 0.00, 0.075,0.150, 0.225, and 0.30% L-lysine HCl, respectively. Exp. 2: The average litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.68,2.73, 2.67, 2.70, and 2.64 kg/d(P 0.70) when sows were fed 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.4% L-lysine HCl plus valine,respectively. No other differences among dietary treatments were observed.Conclusions: Collectively, these studies demonstrate corn-soybean meal based lactation diets formulated with a constant SID lysine content for all parities containing up to 0.40% L-lysine HCl with only supplemental feed grade threonine and a methionine source have no detrimental effect on litter growth rate and subsequent total born.     

饲用小麦总磷和植酸磷含量变异度的研究

选择我国6个小麦主产省区具有代表性的64个饲用小麦样品,测定其总磷和植酸磷含量,研究饲用小麦总磷和植酸磷含量变异度。结果发现:全国小麦主产区的小麦含磷量平均水平为0.37%,最小值为0.25%,最大值为0.48%,变异系数为4.89%～15.14%,四川省和河南省的变异系数最大;山东省饲用小麦总磷和植酸磷水平最高,平均水平分别为0.4%和0.3%;饲用小麦总磷和植酸磷之间存极显著正相关,植酸磷=0.766×总磷-0.019(r=0.841,P0.01)。     

Bioefficacy of L-lysine sulfate compared with feed-grade L-lysine-HCl in young pigs

A pig growth assay was conducted to determine the relative biological value (RBV) of lysine from L-lysine sulfate compared with feed-grade L-lysine HCl. One hundred nursery pigs with an average initial BW of 9.5 +/- 1.5 kg were blocked by BW and gender and allotted randomly to five dietary treatments in five replicates of four pigs per pen. A corn-peanut meal diet containing 0.6% total lysine (as-fed basis) was supplemented with two levels (0.1 and 0.2%) of lysine from L-lysine-HCl or L-lysine sulfate. The RBV of L-lysine sulfate was determined using multiple regression slope-ratio methodology, with ADG and G:F as the response criteria. At the tested levels, linear responses for gain and G:F were obtained from increments of lysine from the two lysine sources. When ADG was regressed on supplemental lysine intake, the RBV of lysine in L-lysine sulfate was 99% of the RBV of lysine in L-lysine HCl. When G:F was regressed on supplemental lysine intake, the RBV of lysine in L-lysine sulfate was 97% of the RBV of lysine in L-lysine-HCl. The t-test analysis revealed that the RBV of lysine in L-lysine sulfate was not significantly different from the RBV of lysine in L-lysine HCl, which was assumed to be 100% bioavailable. In conclusion, L-lysine sulfate can replace L-lysine HCl in diets for growing swine.     

What We Know about PRRS

猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征(Porcine Reproductive and Respira-tory Syndrome,PRRS),又称蓝耳病,是一种具有重要经济意义的猪病,它持续困扰着猪肉生产者和兽医,会成批地减少活猪存栏数,并给猪肉生产者带来重大经济损失.蓝耳病临床爆发的首次报道为美国在20世纪80年代后期,然而,该病的病原学或起因并不清楚.     

我们所了解的蓝耳病

猪繁殖和呼吸障碍综合征(Porcine Reproductive and Respira-tory Syndrome,PRRS),又称蓝耳病,是一种具有重要经济意义的猪病,它持续困扰着猪肉生产者和兽