酶解对青梅汁澄清效果的影响

采用单因素试验,分别研究了果胶酶和纤维素酶澄清青梅汁的最佳工艺条件。设计复合酶澄清青梅汁的4因素3水平正交试验,以透光率和出汁率为指标,确定澄清青梅汁的最适工艺条件为:果胶酶用量为0.07%,纤维素酶用量为0.08%,酶解时间为3.5h,酶解温度为40℃,青梅汁的透光率和出汁率分别为79.43%和77.29%。     

酶法高透光率青梅汁生产工艺的研究

以永泰青梅为原料,以制取高透光率青梅汁为目标,采用正交试验方法研究了酶加入量、酶解时间和酶解温度对青梅汁黏度和透光率的影响。结果表明,果胶酶酶解青梅浆的最佳工艺条件是:酶用量0.05%,酶解温度45℃,酶解时间1.5h,其中果胶酶用量是影响青梅汁透光率的主要因素。     

响应面法优化石榴汁酶解澄清工艺的研究

采用三元二次中心组合响应面法研究了石榴汁酶解澄清工艺中果胶酶用量、酶解温度和酶解时间对石榴澄清汁透光率和花色苷含量的影响,建立了相应的数学模型,确定了最佳酶解条件.结果表明,对石榴汁透光率影响作用大小的顺序为:果胶酶用量>酶解温度>酶解时间;最优酶解工艺条件为:pectinex BE XXL果胶酶加酶量0.98 mL/...     

果胶酶澄清蜜柚汁的工艺优化

以琯溪蜜柚为主要原料,研究果胶酶对蜜柚汁的澄清工艺,通过单因素试验和正交试验,对其澄清工艺进行了优化。结果表明,采用果胶酶澄清蜜柚汁时,酶解的最佳工艺条件为果胶酶添加量0.05%,最适pH值3.5,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间2.0 h。在此酶解工艺条件下,蜜柚汁透光率达77.8%以上,澄清度明显提高。酶解后产品风味独特,基本保留鲜蜜柚汁营养成分。     

果胶酶在制备澄清型香蕉汁中的工艺研究

澄清型香蕉汁的制备中,果胶酶应用的工艺条件对产品的品质有很大影响。分别考察了果胶酶的添加量、温度、反应时间等因素对香蕉汁澄清度的影响,并通过正交试验发现,反应温度55℃,反应时间为150 min,果胶酶质量浓度为0.09 g/L,果汁的透光率最大为76.74%。     

利用果胶酶澄清余甘果汁的研究

以新鲜余甘果为原料,用果胶酶作为澄清剂,研究果胶酶用量、酶解温度、酶解时间和果汁pH值对余甘果原汁澄清效果的影响,确定用果胶酶澄清余甘果汁的最佳条件。结果表明,果胶酶法澄清余甘果汁的最佳工艺条件是:果胶酶用量0.16%,酶解温度55℃,酶解时间80min,果汁pH值为4.5。     

果胶酶澄清葡萄汁的工艺研究

采用果胶酶澄清葡萄汁工艺效果研究,通过单因素与正交试验确定最佳工艺条件,结果表明,果胶酶澄清葡萄汁的最佳工艺为酶用量0.04g/L、酶解温度50℃、酶解时间50min,用此工艺条件澄清的葡萄汁透光率在83.7%以上,可溶性固形物含量基本不变。     

复合酶法提取青梅汁的工艺研究

以普宁青梅为原料,以获取率高出汁率为目标,采用正交试验方法研究果胶酶和纤维素酶的用量、酶解时间、酶解温度。结果表明,青梅汁的最佳酶解工艺条件为果胶酶用量2.00 U/kg,纤维素酶用量0.50 U/kg,酶解时间3.0 h,酶解温度30℃,出汁率为76.14%。。     

番茄酱生产果葡糖浆工艺研究

利用番茄酱为原料生产果葡糖浆,将番茄酱经过稀释、离心、酶解澄清等工艺处理后,对其澄清汁透光率的变化进行研究,经过超滤、大孔树脂净化、浓缩,使之达到果葡糖浆的指标要求.试验确定了反应温度55 cC时,Pectimex CL酶对番茄酱澄清汁透光率影响较大,番茄酱中可溶性固形物含量为8％,酶用量60 mL/m3,酶解时间2h,大孔树脂上样速度1.5 BV/h,最大上样量8.0 BV.结果表明,该工艺生产的果葡糖浆干物质≥77％,葡萄糖+果糖(占干物质)≥95％,产品无色透明,收率为91.2％～94.4％,符合国标要求.     

柑橘红茶复合饮料的研制

以柑橘和红茶为主要原料,探究了柑橘红茶复合饮料的制作工艺。分别以醇试验、碘试验和感官评价结果为指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验对柑橘汁的酶解条件、红茶茶汤的浸提工艺、柑橘红茶复合饮料最佳配方进行优化。结果表明,柑橘汁的最佳酶解工艺为0.2%果胶酶稀释液10%,酶解pH值3.5,酶解温度45℃,酶解时间2.0 h;最佳茶汤浸提工艺为料液比1∶60 (g∶mL),浸提时间10 min,浸提温度80℃;最佳配方为红茶汁用量40 g,柑橘汁用量8 g,白砂糖用量6 g,柠檬酸添加量0.2%,蜂蜜添加量4%。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

新疆布尔津县土地利用格局特征研究

基于RS与GIS技术,利用景观生态学理论及景观格局指数对布尔津县土地利用现状进行定量分析。结果显示为：（1）布尔津县以草地、林地为主要景观类型,镶嵌着耕地、水域等景观类型。（2）四个分区（即高山区、丘陵区、平原区、荒漠区）的林地资源组成差异明显,耕地、居民、交通及工矿用地集中分布在丘陵区和平原区（3）从各项指数来看,高山区的多样性指数较低;平原区是受人文因素最多的区域,景观优势度低,各种土地利用类型比例差异不大,有利于生态可持续发展,但要合理的开发利用;荒漠区生态环境相对脆弱,要加强生态环境的保护与改善。通过该研究对布尔津县的土地利用现状作一个了解,为该县乃至整个地区的景观规划和可持续发展战略提供科学依据。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6～9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5～6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法.结果表明,在含1％果胶酶+4％纤维素酶R-10+3％纤维素...     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

Laboratorial Method of Determining Limit of Yielding of Material

Based on the relation between the incipient yield pressure and the limit of yielding in cylinder according to the elastic disabled rule, a laboratorial method of determining limit of yielding of material is designed and a set of experimental data were gained by the method. The incipient yield pressure of the cylinder is gained by analyzing the experimental data, and then the limit of yielding is gained. The laboratorial method has a good reliability as the experimental value has a little error to the theory value. It has a definite engineering signification and theory value to research the mechanical capability of material and the disabled rule of high pressure vessel.