《鸡病丸》防治鸡痘效果显著

鸡痘是鸡的一种高度传染性疾病,由痘病毒科(Poxviridae),禽痘病毒属[Avipoxvi luses(Folw pox)](《兽医传染病微生物分类索引》李坚耀编),痘病毒引起之传染性疾病。常发生在皮肤或口腔粘膜,以皮肤表皮尤其是鸡冠肉     

一例羊痘的实时荧光PCR诊断

<正>羊痘(capripox)包括绵羊痘(variola ovina;sheep pox)和山羊痘(variola caprina;goat pox),是绵羊和山羊的一种高度接触性传染病[1]。该病是所有动物痘病中最为严重的一种,被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为A类重大传染病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病。羊痘病毒主要通过呼吸道和皮肤接触传播[2],表现为发热、无毛或少毛部位皮肤黏膜发生丘疹和疱疹,     

科学防控羊痘

正羊痘是由痘病毒科羊痘病毒属的绵羊痘(Sheep pox)病毒、山羊痘(Goat pox)病毒引起的绵羊和山羊的急性、热性、接触性传染病,我国将其列为一类动物疫病。近些年羊痘在我省呈局部多发的流行趋势,冬春季节更是流行高发季节,容易给广大养羊户带来较大甚至比较严重的损失。笔者依据工作经验,现将该病介绍一下,以利于广大养羊户掌握防控知识,预防本病发生,减少损失。     

山羊痘病毒不同基因片段PCR诊断方法的研究

山羊痘(goat pox)是由羊痘病毒属(Capripoxvirus)山羊痘病毒(Goat poxvirus,GPV)引起山羊及绵羊的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病.本试验根据GenBank上公布的山羊痘病毒P32基因与ITR(inverted terminal repeat)基因序列设计2对特异性引物,比较2对引物扩增山羊痘病毒基因的特异性、敏感性,并将扩增片段进行了克隆、测序,分析基因片段的同源性,拟为山羊痘的诊断提供快速、可靠、简便的诊断与检测技术.     

山羊痘病毒贵州分离株P32基因的克隆及序列分析

山羊痘(goat pox)是由羊痘病毒属(capripox-virus)山羊痘病毒(goat poxvirus,GPV)引起的一种主要危害山羊的高度接触性传染病[1]。本试验应用PCR技术,从山羊痘病毒DNA中扩增P32基因,通过pMD18-T克隆载体转化到DH5α工程菌中,并进行重组质粒的鉴定,旨在探索山羊痘病毒贵州株与国     

猪痘流行与防控研究进展

<正>猪痘（Swine pox,SWP）又称为猪天花,是一种猪的病毒性传染病,其可以由猪痘病毒（Swine pox virus,SWPV）或痘苗病毒（Vaccinia virus,VACV）感染引起。自19世纪40年代,在欧洲第一次被发现并报道后,相继在北美、南美和亚洲等地区也出现相同病例,并在非洲和澳大利亚的许多地区流行。     

Estimates of genomic inbreeding and identification of candidate regions that differ between Chinese indigenous sheep breeds

Background:A run of homozygosity(ROH)is a consecutive tract of homozygous genotypes in an individual that indicates it has inherited the same ancestral haplotype from both parents.Genomic inbreeding can be quantified based on ROH.Genomic regions enriched with ROH may be indicative of selection sweeps and are known as ROH islands.We carried out ROH analyses in five Chinese indigenous sheep breeds;Altay sheep(n=50 individuals),Large-tailed Han sheep(n=50),Hulun Buir sheep(n=150),Short-tailed grassland sheep(n=150),and Tibetan sheep(n=50),using genotypes from an Ovine Infinium HD SNP BeadChip.Results:A total of 18,288 ROH were identified.The average number of ROH per individual across the five sheep breeds ranged from 39(Hulun Buir sheep)to 78(Large-tailed Han sheep)and the average length of ROH ranged from 0.929 Mb(Hulun Buir sheep)to 2.544 Mb(Large-tailed Han sheep).The effective population size(Ne)of Altay sheep,Large-tailed Han sheep,Hulun Buir sheep,Short-tailed grassland sheep and Tibetan sheep were estimated to be 81,78,253,238 and 70 five generations ago.The highest ROH-based inbreeding estimate(FROH)was 0.0808 in Large-tailed Han sheep,whereas the lowest F_ROHwas 0.0148 in Hulun Buir sheep.Furthermore,the highest proportion of long ROH fragments(>5 Mb)was observed in the Large-tailed Han sheep breed which indicated recent inbreeding.In total,49 ROH islands(the top 0.1% of the SNPs most commonly observed in ROH)were identified in the five sheep breeds.Three ROH islands were common to all the five sheep breeds,and were located on OAR2:12.2-12.3 Mb,OAR12:78.4-79.1 Mb and OAR13:53.0-53.6 Mb.Three breed-specific ROH islands were observed in Altay sheep(OAR15:3.4-3.8 Mb),Large-tailed Han sheep(ORA17:53.5-53.8 Mb)and Tibetan sheep(ORA5:19.8-20.2 Mb).Collectively,the ROH islands harbored 78 unique genes,including 19 genes that have been documented as having associations with tail types,adaptation,growth,body size,reproduction or immune response.Conclusion:Different ROH patterns were observed in five Chinese indigenous sheep breeds,which reflected their different population histories.Large-tailed Han sheep had the highest genomic inbreeding coefficients and the highest proportion of long ROH fragments indicating recent inbreeding.Candidate genes in ROH islands could be used to illustrate the genetic characteristics of these five sheep breeds.Our findings contribute to the understanding of genetic diversity and population demography,and help design and implement breeding and conservation strategies for Chinese sheep.     

绵羊痘与山羊痘研究进展

绵羊痘与山羊痘(sheep and goat pox)分别是由SPPV或GTPV引起的一种高度接触性传染病。主要表现为皮肤和粘膜上出现特异性的痘疹，伴以发热、呼吸困难、流粘液性或粘脓性鼻液为特征。国际兽疫局(OIE)在1997年将该病列为A类传染病，我国也将其列为甲类动物传染病。本病现己引起世界各国的高度重视，有本病的国家和地区其易感动物及其相关产品被列为严格限制进出的对象。     

Detection of the FecX~R Mutation of BMP15 Gene in Sheep and Goats

<正>PCR-SSCP was used to detect mutations of bone morphogenetic protein 15(BMP15) gene in both high prolificacy(Small Tail Han sheep,Hu sheep,Jining Grey goat and Boer goat) and low prolificacy breeds(Dorset sheep,Texel sheep,Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat and Angora goat).Both the nucleotide sequences and the amino acid sequences were compared in amplification fragments of both Small Tail Han sheep and Jining Grey goat.The results indicated that none of the four sheep and the four goat breeds carried the same FecX~R mutation of the BMP15 gene as do Rasa Aragonesa sheep.The nucleotide sequence of Small Tail Han sheep was completely identical with that of the sheep BMP15 sequence(GenBank AF236079,NM_001114767).Three base substitutions(T529G,C530G and T576C) and two amino acid changes(V155G and S171P) were found in Jining Grey goat compared with Small Tail Han sheep.The FecX~R mutation of the BMP15 gene had no significant effect on high prolificacy of Small Tail Han sheep, Hu sheep,Jining Grey goat and Boer goat.     

The Analysis for the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of TGF-β1 and Its Association with Reproduction in Different Sheep Breeds

A single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of 805 bp region in the intron 6 of transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)gene was identified by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand composition polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)in 196 sheep among Small-tailed Han sheep,Tong sheep,Tan sheep and Oula sheep.Comparative sequence analysis of cloned products revealed an AGAC deletion at 294 bases upstream of exon 7 of the TGF-β1 gene(site 14201 in gi76871756).Statistical results of the genotype and allele frequencies in different breeds showed that genotype AB was dominant in the Small-tailed Han sheep.Genotype BB,however,was in majority in low-fecundity sheep.The results of a Chi-square test indicated that all the populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.     

山羊痘的诊断与防制

山羊痘（Variola caprina Goat pox）是由痘病毒科、山羊痘病毒属中的山羊痘病毒引起的,以发病羊局部或全身皮肤出现痘疹为特征的一种传染病。该病的症状剧烈,传染性强,死亡率高,在我国被列为动物一类传染病。现将诊治的2例山羊痘病例报告如下。     

Estimates of genomic inbreeding and identification of candidate regions that differ between Chinese indigenous sheep breedsOA

Background: A run of homozygosity(ROH) is a consecutive tract of homozygous genotypes in an individual that indicates it has inherited the same ancestral haplotype from both parents. Genomic inbreeding can be quantified based on ROH. Genomic regions enriched with ROH may be indicative of selection sweeps and are known as ROH islands. We carried out ROH analyses in five Chinese indigenous sheep breeds; Altay sheep(n = 50 individuals),Large-tailed Han sheep(n = 50), Hulun Buir sheep(n = 150), Shor...     

鸡痘的病因分析及防治措施

禽痘是由禽痘病毒引起的禽类的一种急性传染病.其特征是在皮肤(尤其是头部皮肤)、口角、冠等处出现痘疹(皮肤型);有的在口腔和咽喉部粘膜发生纤维素性坏死性炎症,常形成伪膜,故又称禽白喉(粘膜型). 1 病原 禽痘病毒是一种比较大的痘病毒,它包括鸡痘病毒、鸽痘病毒、火鸡痘病毒、鹌鹑痘病毒、金丝雀痘病毒和麻雀痘病毒等.这些痘病毒之间有着密切的亲缘关系,在血清学和免疫学方面具有交叉反应性,但又可互相明确区分.在自然情况下,各种痘病毒对相应的宿主具有选择性的致病作用,但在人工感染时,也可使异种宿主感染.禽痘病毒通常不感染人和其他哺乳动物,也无交互免疫性.     

Molecular cloning and characterization of the endothelin 3 gene in black bone sheep

Background: Black bone sheep was first discovered in Yunnan province of China in 1970, with unique black pigmentation on the body and internal organs. Endothelin 3(EDN3) has been known as a key gene causing hyperpigmentation in black bone chicken, the Silky fowl.Methods: In this study, EDN3 was employed as a candidate gene for regulating black color pigmentation. First,EDN3 was cloned from sheep to obtain the full-length cDNA by using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE).Genomic EDN3 was screened and a total of thirty predicted single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were genotyped for allele and genotype frequency analysis in a case-control study involving two black bone sheep populations. Genomic copy number analysis of EDN3 in sheep was conducted to measure the variation in copy number. EDN3 expression levels were observed among the groups in adult liver, lymph node, and kidney tissues, as well as embryo kidney samples. Also, among the tissues of black bone and non-black bone sheep.Results: The size of the full-length cDNA was 1,578 bp, which included 426 bp of 5′-untranslated region(5′-UTR),an open reading frame(ORF) of 639 bp encoding a protein of 212 amino acids, and a 3′-UTR of 513 bp. Genotype and allele frequencies of all the discovered SNPs were found insignificantly different in black bone and non-black bone sheep(P 0.05). Genomic copy number analysis of EDN3 in sheep revealed no significant difference between the two sheep groups. No significant variations were found in the adult liver and kidney embryo samples. However,the expression in lymph node and kidney tissue was significantly higher in black bone sheep than that in non-black bone sheep(P 0.05). Significant variations in the EDN3 expression levels were observed among the tissues of nonblack bone sheep.Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that unlike in Silky chickens, EDN3 is not responsible for hyperpigmentation but may play a key functional role in immune and excretory systems of black bone sheep.     

Nano-chromium picolinate and heat stress enhance insulin sensitivity in cross-bred sheep

This study evaluated the effects of heat stress (HS) and dietary nano chromium picolinate (nCrPic) on metabolic responses of sheep to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), an intravenous insulin tolerance test (ITT) and an intramuscular adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) challenge in sheep. Thirtysix sheep housed in metabolic cages were randomly allocated within 3 dietary groups (0, 400 and800μg/kg supplemental nCrPic) to either thermoneutral (22°C) or cyclic HS (22 to 40°C) conditions ...     

The use of the fowlpox virus as the vector for vector vaccines

美国Illinois大学的Deoki N Tripathy博士探讨了禽痘病毒作为载体生产疫苗的理论基础,当家禽受到禽痘病毒的攻击时,它们会产生体液免疫和细胞免疫,以抵抗病毒的感染. 他认为,要生产重组病毒疫苗或载体疫苗,需要具备以下条件: (1)禽痘病毒的非必需基因;(2)调节外来基因的启动子;(3)选择标记;(4)适合禽痘病毒生长的细胞培养基.     

Isolation and Identification of Sheep Pseudorabies Virus

In a sheep farm with mixed culture of pig and sheep in Shandong Province,sheep were attacked by a disease featured by foaming at the mouth,neurological symptoms and partial hair slip of legs,and the mortality of the disease was as high as 100%.In order to determine the pathogen,dead sheep were analyzed through pathogen isolation,PCR assay and direct immunofluorescence identification,and the pathogen was confirmed as pseudorabies virus(PRV).Sequencing results showed that the g E gene of the isolated strain shared the homology of 97%-99% with the nucleotide sequence of known PRV genome in the NCBI databases,suggesting the isolate was PRV.The virus had obvious cytopathic effect through BHK cell line passage till the seventh generation,and the amount of half virus tissue cell infection(TCID50) was 1×107.5/m L following ReedMuench method.Two healthy sheep with the body weight of 20 kg were injected with the viral fluid of the isolate,and typical symptoms of pseu-dorabies(PR) were observed after 4 d.According to clinical symptoms and PCR diagnosis results,the epidemic situation of sheep farm was effec-tively controlled through comprehensive measures such as eliminating swinery in the farm,strengthening disinfection of pigsty,injecting sick sheep with pseudorabies serum,supplementing healthy sheep herb with antivirus traditional medicine Qiqing Baidu granule.     

鸡痘病毒细胞培养方法的探索

鸡痘病毒(FPV)是痘病毒科脊椎动物痘病毒亚科禽痘病毒属的成员,为双股DNA病毒,主要侵害皮肤(尤其是头部皮肤)、上呼吸道及口腔黏膜的上皮细胞,引起上皮增生、细胞肿大及与之有关的炎症反应,临床上表现为皮肤型、白喉型及混合型三种形式.……     

共表达H5亚型AIV HA 基因与鸡IL-18基因的重组鸡痘病毒的构建

以鸡痘病毒(FPV)疫苗株为载体,将H5亚型AIV血凝素基因(HA)和鸡白细胞介素18(IL-18)基因分别插入到鸡痘病毒表达载体pUTA-16-LacZ复合启动子(ATI-P7.5×20)和单一启动子(P7.5)下游,构建了携带AIV HA基因和鸡IL-18基因的重组鸡痘病毒转移载体质粒pUTAL-H5HA-IL18.将H5亚型AIV HA基因插入到鸡痘病毒表达载体pUTA2复合启动子(ATI-P7.5×20)下游构建了携带H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒转移载体质粒pUTA2-H5HA.应用脂质体转染法,将重组鸡痘病毒转移载体质粒与282E4株鸡痘病毒共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),在BrdU药物加压下进行3次蚀斑筛选.以不同代次细胞的mRNA为模板,利用H5亚型AIV HA基因和鸡IL-18基因特异引物进行RT-PCR和蛋白印迹检测,筛选出能共表达H5亚型AIV HA基因与鸡IL-18基因和单独表达H5亚型AIV HA基因的重组鸡痘病毒rFPV-H5HA-IL18和rFPV-H5HA,这些重组鸡痘病毒的构建为AIV活载体疫苗的研制奠定了基础.     

羊传染性脓疤病的防治

(一)病原本病病原是痘病毒科副痘病毒属的传染性脓疱皮炎病毒,对外界环境有相当强的抵抗力.