共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Salhi-Hannachi Amel Trifi Mokhtar Zehdi Salwa Hedfi Jihène Mars Messaoud Rhouma Abdelmajid Marrakchi Mohamed 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2004,51(3):269-275
The genetic diversity of 18 Tunisian fig cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) associated with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Using a set of primers, the most informative ones were selected that were characterized by an important Resolving power value of 29.6. A total of 47 discernible fragments were scored from samples, with a mean of 11.7 fragments per primer. The 90.4% of sample that were polymorphic were scored as molecular markers to examine the Tunisian fig germplasm polymorphism at DNA level. A large genetic diversity as related to ISSR patterns was found within the local Tunisian fig germplasm. An UPGMA dendrogram exhibits the unstructured variability in this crop. Moreover, the principal component analysis shows that the observed diversity was typically continuous. Our data provide a large number of ISSR markers that are useful in the fingerprinting of Ficus
carica L. cultivars, and in the understanding of the genetic relationships among these accessions. 相似文献
2.
There are many valuable Tadehagi accessions in southwest China, but it is unknown that the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of these Tadehagi resources. This report is the first study in which 41 primers of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) were used to assess
the genetic diversity of 36 Tadehagi accessions from 3 provinces in the southwest of China. Totally, 30 usable ISSR primers detected 163 polymorphic bands among
the 36 accessions, which suggested high utility of ISSR primers in the genetic analysis of Tadehagi accessions. Genetic similarity coefficients among all of the accessions ranged from 0.54 to 0.92 with the average of 0.79
based on the ISSR data, indicating high level of genetic variation in Tadehagi resources from the southwest of China. As for the 3 population, Hainan population had the maximum average genetic similarity
coefficients of 0.81, while similarity coefficient of Guangxi and Yunnan population was 0.75 and 0.74, respectively. All the
36 Tadehagi accessions were divided into 4 groups in the UPGMA dendrogram constructed from genetic similarity coefficients. The Tadehagi accessions from Yunnan and Guangxi provinces showed more genetic variation and occupied the bottom of the dendrogram. On
the contrary, those from Hainan Province had less genetic variation and clustered in the middle and top of the dendrogram.
The information on the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship from this study is propitious to construct a core germplasm
collection and develop novel Tadehagi cultivars with desired economic traits. 相似文献
3.
T. Pradeepkumar J.L. Karihaloo Sunil Archak Ambika Baldev 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(5):469-475
RAPD analysis was conducted in 22 cultivars of P. nigrum(black pepper) from South India and one accession each of P. longum and P. colubrinum. Twenty-four primers generated 372 RAPD markers of which 367 were polymorphic. Jaccard's similarity between pairs of accessions ranged between 0.11 and 0.66 with a mean of 0.38. Among P. nigrum cultivars, the similarity ranged between 0.20 and 0.66 and the mean was 0.42. The existence of wide genetic diversity as revealed in the present study is supported by earlier reports of extensive inter- and intrapopulation morphological variability in pepper cultivars from South India. UPGMA dendrogram and PCO plot revealed P. colubrinum to be most distant of the three species. Genetic proximity among P. nigrum cultivars could be related to their phenotypic similarities or geographical distribution. Greater divergence was observed among landraces than among advanced cultivars. Landraces grown in southern parts of coastal India and those grown in more northern parts were grouped in separate clusters of the dendrogram. 相似文献
4.
S. Ghariani N. Trifi-Farah M. Chakroun S. Marghali M. Marrakchi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(8):809-815
The genetic diversity in Tunisian perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was examined by the help of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR). Starting from eighteen accessions, a large number of polymorphic ISSR markers were currently generated using appropriate primers (a total of 136, which average of 12.6 polymorphic bands/primer). These markers were considered to estimate the genetic distance among accessions and to draw phylogenetic trees. Our data provide evidence of a high degree of genetic diversity in Tunisian ryegrass. In addition, both cultivars and wild types present a high degree of divergence suggesting a complex domestication process in this crop. Moreover, spontaneous populations of Tunisian ryegrass have been identified as important ecotypes that are suitable in selection programs to improve grasslands. 相似文献
5.
María Ferriol Maria Belén Picó Fernando Nuez 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(3):227-238
Increasing the knowledge of the molecular diversity of a crop is essential for extending its genetic base, identifying cultivars and selecting parental varieties for breeding programs. In this sense, Cucurbita maxima Duch. is poorly characterised. Nineteen accessions of this species and 8 related Cucurbita accessions were included in a genetic diversity analysis. For this purpose, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs), which analyse neutral variability, and Sequence-Based Amplified Polymorphism (SBAPs), which preferentially amplify coding regions of the genome, were used. While the UPGMA cluster and the principal coordinates analysis obtained using RAPDs did not group the different accessions according either to fruit morphological criteria or to passport data (origin and agro-climatic conditions), the principal coordinates analysis obtained using SBAPs grouped the different pumpkin accessions fundamentally according to the type of use (human consumption, animal fodder or ornamental). This passport trait is reported to be associated with agronomic breeding characters of interest. The usefulness of both types of markers for discriminating accessions of breeding interest is discussed. 相似文献
6.
Yu-Xia Yang Wei Wu You-Liang Zheng Li Chen Ren-Jian Liu Chun-Yan Huang 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(5):1043-1051
Genetic diversity and relationships among 48 safflower accessions were evaluated using 22 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR)
primers. A total of 429 bands were amplified, and 355 bands (about 82.7%) were polymorphic. Five to forty-one polymorphic
bands could be amplified by each primer, with an average of 16.1 polymorphic bands per primer. The results showed that the
polymorphism of the safflower germplasm was higher at the DNA level. All the 48 accessions could be distinguished by ISSR
markers and were divided into 9 groups based on ISSR GS by using UPGMA method. The genetic relationships among the accessions
from different continents were closer. Comparatively, the genetic diversity of the accessions originated from Asia was higher,
from Europe assembled. The results also showed that the genetic variation of accessions from Indian and Middle Eastern safflower
diversity centers were relatively higher. ISSR is an effective and promising marker system for detecting genetic diversity
among safflower and give some useful information on its phylogenic relationships. 相似文献
7.
摘要:本文针对来源于荷兰的4个引进甜菜品种和国内的6个甜菜品系(其中2个为一年生野生甜菜)进行了ISSR指纹图谱构建和聚类分析研究。筛选出稳定性高且多态性好的6个引物用于试验。利用筛选的6条引物ISSR-PCR 共扩增出51个条带, 其中多态性条带百分率为86.3%. 利用该6条引物ISSR-PCR建立的指纹图谱能将试验中的全部甜菜品种都鉴定区分开。只利用2条引物L1和UBC846 扩增的8个多态性条带构建了10个甜菜品种(系)的数字指纹识别码,该数字指纹图谱能完全区分10个甜菜品种(系),结果显示ISSR 指纹图谱能非常有效的鉴定不同的甜菜品种。利用生物软件NTSYS-pc针对10个试验甜菜品种(系)的ISSR 扩增条带进行遗传相似性聚类分析,结果显示10个甜菜品种(系)的相似系数为0.43与0.83之间,平均为0.62。利用非加权组平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类分析,结果显示10个甜菜品种(系)聚类为2个组和3个亚组。UPGMA 聚类分析能清楚的显示10个甜菜群体间的遗传关系并且聚类结果与10个甜菜群体的特性一致, 说明ISSR标记能用于甜菜不同群体间遗传距离的评估。 相似文献
8.
Diqiu Liu Xiaoping Guo Zhongxu Lin Yichun Nie Xianlong Zhang 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(6):1145-1152
Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.) was once widely cultivated in China. It has also been a valuable source of genetic variation in modern cotton improvement. In this study, the genetic diversity of selected G. arboreum accessions collected from different regions of China was evaluated by microsatellite (simple sequence repeats, SSRs) analysis. Of the 358 microsatellite markers analyzed, 74 primer pairs detected 165 polymorphic DNA fragments among 39 G. arboreum accessions examined. Twelve accessions could be fingerprinted with one or more SSR markers. With the exception of two accessions, DaZiJie and DaZiMian, genetic similarity coefficients among all accessions ranged from 0.58 to 0.87 suggesting high level of genetic variation in the G. arboreum collections. The UPGMA dendrogram constructed from genetic similarity coefficients revealed positive correlation between cluster groupings and geographic distances. In addition, comparison of the microsatellite amplification profiles of the diploid G. arboreum and tetraploid Gossypium hirsutum L. found that size distribution of amplified products in G. arboreum was dispersive and that of G. hirsutum was relatively concentrated. The information on the genetic diversity and SSR fingerprinting from this study is useful for developing mapping populations for constructing diploid cotton genetic linkage map and tagging economically important traits.Diqiu Liu, Xiaoping Guo: These two authors contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
9.
L. S. Rao P. Usha Rani P. S. Deshmukh P. A. Kumar S. K. Panguluri 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1235-1244
Detection of genetic relationships between 19 chickpea cultivars and five accessions of its wild progenitor Cicer reticulatum Ladizinsky were investigated by using RAPD and ISSR markers. On an average, six bands per primer were observed in RAPD analysis
and 11 bands per primer in ISSR analysis. In RAPD, the wild accessions shared 77.8% polymorphic bands with chickpea cultivars,
whereas they shared 79.6% polymorphic bands in ISSR analysis. In RAPD analysis 51.7% and 50.5% polymorphic bands were observed
among wild accessions and chickpea cultivars, respectively. Similarly, 65.63% and 56.25% polymorphic bands were found in ISSR
analysis. The dendrogram developed by pooling the data of RAPD and ISSR analysis revealed that the wild accessions and the
ICCV lines showed similar pattern with the dendrogram of RAPD analysis. The ISSR analysis clearly indicated that even with
six polymorphic primers, reliable estimation of genetic diversity could be obtained, while nearly 30 primers are required
for RAPD. Moreover, RAPD can cause genotyping errors due to competition in the amplification of all RAPD fragments. The markers
generated by ISSR and RAPD assays can provide practical information for the management of genetic resources. For the selection
of good parental material in breeding programs the genetic data produced through ISSR can be used to correlate with the relationship
measures based on pedigree data and morphological traits to minimize the individual inaccuracies in chickpea. 相似文献
10.
Total 65 lotus accessions in genus Nelumbo mainly collected from China, were subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers to estimate the genetic diversity
and to test the genetic basis of the relationships between morphotypes and molecular markers. Seventeen primers generated
a total of 195 highly reproducible and discernible loci, among which 173 were polymorphic. Percent polymorphism varied from
66.7 to 100 with an average of 88.72, and five primers out of them, OPC05, OPG10, OPN20, OPP09 and OPS17, showed 100% polymorphism.
A relatively high genetic diversity was detected among all the samples with the similarity coefficient values ranging from
0.45 to 0.85, and Nei’s gene diversity (h) 0.30, and Shannon index (I) 0.46. The UPGMA dendrogram clustered 65 accessions in four clusters and the clustering pattern showed two groups, N. nucifera ssp. nucifera and those accessions related to the American lotus, and some special cultivars, landraces, hybrids and the American lotus.
Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCA) further indicated that the genetic diversity of Nelumbo accessions was not evenly distributed, instead, was presented by a clustered distribution pattern. Similar to the results
revealed by the dendrogram, two main groups representing the two subspecies of N. nucifera, as well as some special landraces, cultivars of Chinese lotus, the Japanese lotus and hybrids out of the two groups were
obtained. Neither the UPGMA dendrogram nor the PCA analysis exhibited strict relationship with geographic distribution and
morphotypes among the accessions. 相似文献
11.
Mehboob-ur-Rahman Tahira Yasmin Nabila Tabbasam Ihsan Ullah Muhammad Asif Yusuf Zafar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):331-339
Genetic diversity is an area of concern for sustaining crop yield. Information on genetic relatedness/diversity among Gossypium arboreum L. cultivars/genotypes is scanty. We have used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to assess the genetic divergence/relationship
among 30 genotypes/cultivars of G. arboreum. Of 45 primers surveyed, 63% were polymorphic. Out of the total number of loci amplified, 36% were polymorphic. The calculated
genetic similarity between the cultivars/genotypes was in the range of 47.05–98.73%. Two genotypes, HK-244 and Entry-17, were
the most distantly related. The average genetic relatedness among all the genotypes was 80.46%. However, most of the cultivated
varieties showed a close genetic relationship, indicating a narrow genetic base in comparison to the non-cultivated germplasm.
The calculated coefficients were used to construct a dendrogram using the unweighted pair group of arithmetic means (UPGMA)
algorithm, which grouped the genotypes/cultivars into two major and three smaller clusters. The study is the first comprehensive
analysis of the genetic diversity of G. arboreum germplasm and identifies cultivars that will be useful in extending the genetic diversity of cultivated varieties and future
genome mapping projects. 相似文献
12.
本研究利用ISSR技术对37份龙眼种质资源进行遗传多样性检测。研究结果表明,从100条ISSR引物中筛选出7条重复性好,条带清晰的引物对37份龙眼品种基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出54条带,其中43条具有多态性,比率为79.6%。不同龙眼品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0.69~0.97,平均达0.83,说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性。UPGMA聚类结果表明,ISSR标记能将37份龙眼品种完全区分开,并能将来源于中国、越南和泰国的37份龙眼品种分别聚类到中国、越南和泰国三大品种群,说明龙眼品种资源的亲缘关系与地理因素有关,三个国家的龙眼品种之间存在较大的遗传差异。本研究结果将为为龙眼品种资源的研究利用提供参考。 相似文献
13.
Fernanda Witt Cidade Miguel Dall’Agnol Fernanda Bered Tatiana Teixeira de Souza-Chies 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(2):235-246
The genus Paspalum L. comprises approximately 400 species worldwide and about 220 in Brazil. Paspalum is ecologically and economically important, and has been very useful as pasture and P. notatum Flügge (bahiagrass) is a valuable forage grass in the subtropics. This species consists of several sexual (diploid) and apomictic
(tetraploid, ocasionally tri and pentaploids) biotypes. In this work, inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers were used
to assess the genetic variability of a bahiagrass (P. notatum) collection. Vegetative tissues of 95 bahiagrass accessions were obtained from various locations in South America (Brazil,
Argentina and Uruguay). A total of 91 reproducible ISSR fragments were observed and 89 fragments (97.5% of the total observed)
were polymorphic. Cluster analyses (UPGMA) were performed from the ISSR data set and the results illustrate the genetic relationships
among the 95 accessions of P. notatum. A comparison among molecular, morphological and ploidy levels data were done. ISSR markers were effective in distinguishing
the genotypes analyzed, and a wide variability was observed for this species. These results add new information regarding
the genetic diversity in P. notatum, thus contributing toward the biological knowledge of this species, and providing with subsides for future plant breeding
and conservation programs. 相似文献
14.
As an oilseed crop, the cultivation of Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) is restricted only to Ethiopia. Even though geographic diversity is a potent source of allelic diversity, the extent of genetic diversity among germplasm material of Ethiopian mustard from different countries has not been assessed. Forty-three accessions, comprising 29 accessions from eight different geographic regions of Ethiopia and 14 exotic accessions from Australia, Pakistan, Spain, and Zambia were analysed for their genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. A set of 50 primers yielded a total of 275 polymorphic bands allowing an unequivocal separation of every Ethiopian mustard accession. The usefulness of the 50 RAPD primers in measuring heterozygousity and distinguishing accessions was variable such that polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.05 to 0.40, band informativeness (BI) from 0.05 to 0.65 and primer resolving power (RP) from 0.15 to 6.83. Jaccard's similarity coefficients ranged from 0.44 to 0.87 indicating the presence of a high level of genetic diversity. On the average, Australian and Ethiopian accessions were the most similar while, Spanish and Zambian accessions were the most distant ones. Cluster analysis grouped the 43 accessions into four groups, which has quite a high fit (r = 0.80) to the original similarity matrix. With no prior molecular information, the RAPD technique detected large genetic diversity among the 43 accessions from five different countries and their grouping by dendrogram and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) was inclined towards geographic differentiation of RAPD markers. Conversely, RAPD differentiation along geographic origin was not apparent within the Ethiopian accessions. 相似文献
15.
M. Essadki N. Ouazzani R. Lumaret M. Moumni 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):475-482
In olive tree (Olea europaea L.), 12 varieties (or cultivars) representing the main domesticated material used in Morocco and 19 olive cultivars used
extensively in five countries of the western Mediterranean Basin, were analysed using inter-simple sequences repeat (ISSR)
markers which had never been used previously for extensive discrimination of cultivars. Four selected primers produced a total
of 26 polymorphic reproducible amplification fragments. Combinations of these ISSR markers allowed to identify 25 of the 31
cultivars. Two additional combinations were distinguished, each corresponding to three Moroccan cultivars or local varieties.
Evidence of a multiclonal composition in the widely cultivated variety ‘Picholine marocaine’ was obtained by the identification
of three genotypes within the four morphologically distinct clones analysed in the variety. In the UPGMA phenogram based on
the proportion of shared ISSR fragments, five groups of cultivars were distinguished at the 40% critical value of similarity.
Four of the groups contained varieties from various geographic origins, as the consequence of successive human migrations
which favoured olive dispersion throughout the Mediterranean Basin. However, the fifth group gathered together 9 of the 12
Moroccan cultivars and very few cultivated clones from Greece and Spain. The results suggest that most of the Moroccan cultivars
are closely related and likely originated from local domestication. 相似文献
16.
Pedro Talhinhas José Leitão João Neves-Martins 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(3):563-578
Lupinus angustifolius L. is a Mediterranean species, domesticated in the 20th century, representing an important grain legume crop in Australia
and other countries. This work is focused on the collection of wild germplasm and on the characterisation of morphological
and molecular diversity of germplasm accessions. It reports the collection of 81 wild L. angustifolius accessions from the South and Centre of Portugal, available at the ‘Instituto Superior de Agronomia Gene Bank’, with subsequent
morphological and molecular characterisation of a selection of these and other accessions. A multivariate analysis of morphological
traits on 88 L. angustifolius accessions (including 59 wild Portuguese accessions, 15 cultivars and 14 breeding lines) showed a cline of variation on wild
germplasm, with plants from Southern Portugal characterised by earlier flowering, higher vegetative development and larger
seeds. AFLP and ISSR molecular markers grouped modern cultivars as sub-clusters within the wider diversity of wild germplasm,
revealing the narrow pool of genetic diversity on which domesticated accessions are based. The importance of preserving, characterising
and using wild genetic resources for L. angustifolius crop improvement is outlined by the results obtained. 相似文献
17.
Rui-Wu Yang Yong-Hong Zhou Ying Zhang You-Liang Zheng Chun-Bang Ding 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(1):139-144
The genetic diversity and similarities among 40 accessions of Leymus Hochst., distributed in 19 species and 1 subspecies, were analyzed by using random amplified microsatellite polymorphism
(RAMP) markers. Of the 120 RAMP primer combinations tested, 24 (20%) produced polymorphic and clear bands. A total of 192
bands were amplified by 24 primer combinations, among which 179 (93.23%) bands were found to be polymorphic. Three to thirteen
polymorphic bands were amplified by each primer combination, with an average of 7.64 bands. The data of 192 RAMP bands were
used to generate Jaccard's similarity coefficients and to construct a dendrogram by means of UPGMA in the NTSYS-pc computer
program. The genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.10 to 0.73 with the mean of 0.34. The results showed as follows:
(1) Distinct genetic differences were present among the different species; (2) The different accessions in a species were
clustered together, respectively, which had larger genetic similarities and closer relations; (3) The species with similar
morphological characters and the species from the same areas or neighboring geographical regions were clustered together;
(4) RAMP results are basically comparable with those obtained from studies on morphology. It is a useful method for analysis
of the genetic diversity and similarities in Leymus. 相似文献
18.
19.
Cherimoya (Anonna cherimola Mill.) is a fruit tree which originated in Peru and Ecuador and is now cultivated in several subtropical areas of the world. The characterization of cherimoya cultivars at allozyme level has been previously reported, but the geographic distribution and organization of this variation have not been fully characterized. In this study, we assessed the relationships among 206 cherimoya and four atemoya (A. cherimola ×A. squamosa) cultivars based on allozyme polymorphism. We have confirmed the genetic differences between atemoya and cherimoya cultivars, and showed that cherimoya accessions from Madeira, Bolivia and Spain form homogeneous groups of cultivars. Accessions from Chile and California form heterogeneous groups, probably due to their mixed origins. Cultivars from Peru and Ecuador showed a wide range of allelic variation, as is expected for accessions from the center of origin of this species. 相似文献
20.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism markers were used to assess the genetic relatedness between Dioscorea alata and nine other edible Dioscorea. These species include D. abyssinica Hoch., D. bulbifera L., D. cayenensis-rotundata Lamk. et Poir., D. esculenta Burk., D. nummularia Lam., D. pentaphylla L., D. persimilis Prain. et Burk., D. transversa Br. and D. trifida L. Four successive studies were conducted with emphasis on the genetic relationship within D. alata and among species of the Enantiophyllum section from Vanuatu. Study 1 was carried out to select a set of polymorphic primer
pairs using 11 combinations and eight species belonging to five distinct sections. The four most polymorphic primer pairs
were used in study 2 among six species of the Enantiophyllum section. Study 3 focussed mainly on the genetic relationship
among 83 accessions of D. alata, mostly from Vanuatu (78 acc.) but also from Benin, Guadeloupe, New Caledonia and Vietnam. The ploidy level of 53 accessions
was determined and results indicated the presence of tetraploid, hexaploid and octoploid cultivars. Study 4, included 35 accessions
of D. alata, D. nummularia and D. transversa and was conducted using two primer pairs to verify the taxonomical identity of the cultivars `langlang', `maro' and `netsar'
from Vanuatu. The overall results indicated that each accession can be fingerprinted uniquely with AFLP. D. alata is an heterogeneous species which shares a common genetic background with D. nummularia and `langlang', `maro' and `netsar'. UPGMA cluster analysis revealed the existence of three major groups of genotypes within
D. alata, each assembling accessions from distant geographical origins and different ploidy levels. The analysis also revealed that
`langlang', `maro' and `netsar' clustered together with the cultivar `wael' (D. transversa) from New Caledonia. Results are discussed in the paper. 相似文献