共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
<正>山东农业大学植物保护学院近期明确了室内条件下挥发性化合物苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊(韭蛆)的生物活性。研究人员采用三角瓶密闭熏蒸法测定了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹的熏蒸活性;利用Oxytherm氧电极研究了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫呼吸速率的影响;利用"Y"型嗅觉仪测定了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对苯并噻唑的行为反应。 相似文献
2.
韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的生测方法及防治药剂研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
报道了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的人工饲养方法,测定了灭蝇胺、灭线磷、地亚农、辛硫磷、毒死蜱、丁硫克百威和硫丹对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫和成虫的毒力及药效.结果表明,药后48 h时以毒死蜱和硫丹对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的毒力最高,药后72 h灭线磷和丁硫克百威的毒力迅速上升,对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的毒力与硫丹、毒死蜱接近,LC50约为50~100 μg/mL.药后4 h毒死蜱和丁硫克百威对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊雌成虫的毒力较高,10 h时以毒死蜱和灭线磷的毒力较高.田间药效证明,毒死蜱和灭线磷速效性好,药后5 d 7500 L/hm2防效达到75%以上.药后15 d灭蝇胺的田间防效迅速提高,致使部分幼虫和蛹在形态上发生畸变,减少成虫产卵量. 相似文献
3.
不同肥料对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为明确田间施肥对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生的影响,为生态控制提供依据,采用室内和田间试验相结合的方法,研究8种肥料对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生的影响,从中筛选出对其发生有明显抑制作用的肥料,研究其作用方式,并进行田间控制效果试验。盆栽试验发现,石灰氮、沼液和统壮对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的发生有明显的抑制作用,且具有一定的持效期,常规用量在施肥后第1天接成虫,虫口减退率分别为81.6%、85.0%和78.7%;第6天接成虫,虫口减退率分别为71.3%、44.6%和40.3%。室内试验表明,沼液和统壮对成虫有显著驱避产卵的作用,且杀幼虫效果好;石灰氮和碳酸氢铵具有良好的杀幼虫活性。成虫发生期田间施用常规用量的石灰氮、沼液和统壮对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的控制效果明显,虫口减退率分别为72.0%、69.9%和61.5%。石灰氮、沼液和统壮可作为韭菜迟眼蕈蚊生态控制的重要方法之一。 相似文献
4.
5.
6.
<正>1主要防治对象及防治指标害虫主要有韭蛆,其优势种为迟眼蕈蚊、葱蝇和葱须鳞蛾、韭菜蛾及斑潜蝇、蓟马;病害主要是灰霉病、疫病。其防治指标如下:韭蛆的防治指标:被害株率1%~2%;灰霉病的防治指标:病叶率3%~7%;疫病的防治指标:初见病叶。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
《华北农学报》2018,(6)
为明确河北省安国市川芎种植田根蛆类害虫发生为害情况及害虫种类,采集安国川芎根蛆幼虫至室内,模拟田间生境进行继代饲养,以羽化的第1代根蛆成虫为试验材料。利用成虫形态特征比对方法和分子生物学分类技术共同对安国川芎根蛆的种类进行了鉴定,并采用5点取样法对安国川芎田根蛆的为害情况进行了系统调查。结果表明,安国川芎根蛆为害率为4%~82%,死苗率最高可达22%,单株平均虫口数量可达37. 76头;安国川芎根蛆主要通过幼虫为害川芎的根茎部,造成川芎上部叶片枯黄,严重时根部被咬食一空,造成整株死亡。通过传统的成虫形态特征比对,明确了安国川芎根蛆成虫的形态特征与韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的形态特征基本一致;同时分子标记鉴定结果也显示,安国川芎根蛆mt DNA-COI基因序列与韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的一致性为99%,因此,确定了安国川芎根蛆为韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫。研究明确了近年在河北省安国市川芎上为害并严重影响川芎产量和品质的根蛆为韭菜迟眼蕈蚊,同时明确了川芎根蛆的为害特点和为害程度,旨在为今后川芎根蛆的绿色防控提供科学依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
13.
莫曾梅 《农产品加工.学刊》2019,(7):78-80
随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。 相似文献
14.
Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha−1 grain and 16 t ha−1 residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha−1, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha−1; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha−1. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO−3-N ha−1. 相似文献
15.
我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1 播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm2,发展到1333.3万hm2,增长139.5%。1.2 总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg…… 相似文献
16.
以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F2群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F2群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F2群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关(正相关或负相关),且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
17.
LI Zhi-liang~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):82-85
Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology. 相似文献
18.
果蔬食品的褐变与控制 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Landscape Research》2013,(Z1)
Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design. 相似文献
20.
Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection. 相似文献