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Ⅰ、导言大多数昆虫病原真菌属半知菌。已知大约有30个属含有一种或多种真菌能感染昆虫。它们的分类较混乱,误名和乱用学名也常有发生。本文提出了一个常见重要昆虫病原真菌的检索表,并列出了含有一种或多种昆虫病原真菌属的名录。对昆虫的致病性未被证实的一些属,如青霉,茎点霉(Phoma),或鉴定值得怀疑的分类单位则被略去。第Ⅶ部份介绍了一些真菌学术语。 相似文献
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真菌ITS区序列结构及其应用 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
分析了真核生物以及原核生物核糖体基因内部转录间隔区序列结构.核rDNA的内转录间隔区ITS序列包含被5.8S rDNA所分隔的ITS1和ITS2两个片段.列举了根据真菌ITS区序列设计的扩增通用引物与特异引物.在此基础上,综述了真菌ITS序列结构在种间亲缘关系研究、植物病原真菌的检测、未知病原真菌的鉴定、近似种或疑难种的确定等方面的应用. 相似文献
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为了明确越冬期枣树组织中内生真菌的种类和分布情况,并从中筛选出对枣缩果病病原有拮抗作用的内生菌株,从越冬期健康枣树的树皮、枣股、枝条中分离获得内生真菌225株,共鉴定出12个真菌属,其优势属为茎点霉属、链格孢属、毛壳菌属和镰刀菌属。研究结果表明:越冬期健康枣树组织中内生真菌分布普遍,种类丰富;不同品种、不同部位中内生真菌的种类和数量都有差异。室内平板对峙实验结果表明:在225株内生真菌中,有25株内生真菌对枣缩果病病原茎点霉菌1-2有抑制作用,最高抑菌率为85.45%;有14株内生真菌对病原壳梭孢菌1-5有抑制效果,最高抑菌率为76.00%;内生真菌F7和F8对两种病原菌均有抑菌效果,而且均有明显的抑菌带,这说明上述两株菌均可产生抗菌代谢物质。 相似文献
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A diverse mycoflora was associated with slash-pine seeds from cones obtained at seed orchards and cone-processing facilities in the southeastern USA. Potentially pathogenic fungi, including Lasiodiplodia tbeobromae, Sphaeropsis sapinea, and Fusarium spp., were isolated from seeds of cones obtained at all locations. Fusarium proliferatum and F. semitectum were the Fusarium spp. most often associated with seeds; F. subglutinans was rarely isolated. Many other species of fungi were associated with seeds from all locations. Incidence of fungus-damaged seeds ranged from 2 to 11% among collection sites. Disease incidence was found to increase during cone storage. Types of fungi and the incidence of fungus-damaged seeds were similar for damaged/discoloured cones and apparently healthy cones. The potential for slash-pine seeds to become colonized by pathogenic fungi, such as S. sapinea and the various Fusarium spp., could have important implications for the establishment of these fungi in forest-tree nurseries, as well as their introduction into foreign countries. 相似文献
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Succession and pathogenic properties of fungi inhabiting pine needles . Isolates from healthy and dying pine needles of various age permit conclusions about the relationship of some needle fungi to their host. Of the six most prevalent fungi, only Lopbodermium seditiosum has a pathogenic nature. 相似文献
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血红铆钉菇对土传病原菌抑菌性研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在24种培养基上对血红铆钉菇子实体进行分离培养,对分离的菌种与病原菌立枯丝核菌、茄孢镰刀菌、链格孢、终极府霉、根癌菌在PDA平板上进行对峙测试,结果对病原菌立枯丝核菌能够重寄生,对茄孢镰刀菌产生抑菌带,对链格孢也有一定的抑制作用。能够控制病原菌的繁殖器官形成。同时进行了液体培养基的筛选,其培养滤液对病原细菌A.t产生抑菌圈,血红铆钉菇液体菌剂及其代谢物对病原细菌抑制作用比病原真菌强。室内盆栽试验表明,在灭菌土上血红铆钉菇对茄孢镰刀菌引起的猝倒病有一定防效,田间处理试验效果不明显。 相似文献
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The antifungal activity of fresh, aqueous Brassica oleracea var. botrytis juice against Candida albicans and other pathogenic fungi was investigated. The juice was found to be effective both in inhibiting the growth of blastoconidia and reducing the appearance of C. albicans germ tubes. Furthermore, the juice inhibited the growth of some pathogenic, filamentous fungi. 相似文献
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采用内生菌常规分离法从云南榧的新鲜茎与叶中分离得到10株内生真菌和5株内生放线菌,通过滤纸片扩散法研究了内生菌对小麦雪腐病菌、辣椒炭疽病菌、三七丝核病菌等10种植物病害病原真菌的抑菌活性。结果显示,云南榧内生真菌粗提物对10种植物病原真菌具有较广泛的抑制作用,其中,菌株TY3对棉花枯萎病菌具有较强的抑菌活性;菌株TY7对辣椒炭疽病菌、三七丝核病菌及番茄灰霉病菌具有较强的抑菌活性。5株内生放线菌中,菌株FTY1、 FTY5、 FTY7无抑菌活性,而菌株FTY2对10株植物病原真菌均表现出了较强的抑菌活性, FTY6对辣椒炭疽病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、梨黑星病菌表现出了很强抑菌活性。该实验结果为云南榧内生菌的进一步开发利用奠定了基础。 相似文献