杨柴木材的构造,纤维形态及其化学成分的分析研究

本文对杨柴木材的显微结构、纤维形态和化学成分进行了测定与分析，研究结果表明，杨柴材木纤维所占比率较多，纤维形态好，综纤维素含量高，是替代针，阔叶乔木树材制造刨花板的纤维板的优良原料。     

秸秆刨花板性能分析

对普通木质刨花板、麦秸刨花板及稻草刨花板进行了密度、含水率、吸水厚度膨胀率、静曲强度和弹性模量、内结合强度、表面结合强度及握钉力的测试,结果表明,麦秸刨花板在强度方面不及木质刨花板,稻草刨花板在抗弯性能上也无法满足要求,两种秸秆板的握钉力都较差。产生上述差距的关键原因是板坯的密度,另外,与原料形态、加工工艺、机械设备等也有关系。     

豆胶杨木/麦秸复合刨花板制造工艺

研究利用无醛豆胶生产杨木/麦秸复合刨花板的制造工艺。采用正交试验设计方法,探讨了施胶量、杨木/麦秸刨花质量比例、热压温度、热压时间等工艺因素对刨花板的静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率等性能的影响。试验结果表明:利用无醛豆胶生产杨木/麦秸复合刨花板是可行的,厚度11 mm复合刨花板的优化工艺参数为施胶量14%、杨木/麦秸刨花质量比70/30、热压时间10 min、热压温度170℃。     

麦秸刨花板的耐水性能研究

本文研究了用MDI与UF两种胶粘剂以不同比率混合后制造的麦秸刨花板的耐水性能。结果表明：随着胶粘剂中MDI比率的增加，麦秸刨花板的耐水性能提高，但改善的程度逐渐趋缓；在一定范围内，提高麦秸刨花板的密度，可以降低其吸水厚度膨胀率。     

菠萝叶纤维与大豆蛋白纤维混纺纱

充分利用热带农业生物资源,弥补我国天然纺织原料的不足.通过对菠萝叶纤维与大豆蛋白纤维的性能及混纺纱的分析,提出将菠萝叶纤维与大豆蛋白纤维混纺的工艺及值得注意的问题,并对其混纺纱的研究前景进行了展望.     

豆秸刨花板工艺的初步研究

本文分析了整株豆秸的化学成分，研究了用豆秸制造刨花板的工艺，并分析了不同工艺条件对刨花板性能的影响。结果表明：豆秸制造的刨花板，其物理力学性能和外观均达到国家标准要求，可以认为豆秸是制造刨花板适用的原料。     

麦秸特性与麦秸刨花板制板工艺的研究

麦秸特性与麦秸刨花板制板工艺的研究张冬梅韩广萍何灵芝（黑龙江省林产工业研究所）麦秸表面硅质含量较高，并与其它非木材原料有很大不同，而且麦秸的自身强度低于木材，只有通过采用特殊的胶粘剂才能生产出达到国家标准（ＧＢ／Ｔ４８９７－９２）的麦秸刨花板产品。本...     

小叶桉刨花板板坯产生“纤维团”的成因及解决方法

小叶桉刨花板板坯产生“纤维团”的成因及解决方法海南省农垦三亚木材厂郑庆汉海南省农垦三亚木材厂近两年来利用小叶桉为原料制造刨花板，由于小叶桉树皮含量较高，约占１０％～２０％，刨花制备过程产生较多纤维。铺装时，板坯表面带有“纤维团”形成，有时情况较为严重...     

湿法纤维模压制品技术研究

以本质纤维为原料，用我国现有湿法纤维板生产设备压制成平坯，再用纤维模压技术压制成模压制品，并找出板坯制造工艺中对模压制品内在，外观质量有影响的工艺因子和较佳参数值。     

改性UF麦秸均质刨花板的工艺研究

通过试验确定了麦秸均质刨花板的主要工艺参数。其结果表明：１０ｍｍ厚麦秸均质刨花板的较优工艺参数为热压温度１５０℃、热压时间８ｍｉｎ、表层麦秸刨花的施胶量为１０％、芯层麦秸刨花的施胶量为８％、板密度０．７５ｇ／ｃｍ３、表芯层刨花比例为３：７。按照以上工艺条件压制的麦秸均质刨花板性能已达到均质刨花板的要求。     

三种竹碎料板的物理力学性能比较分析

对三种竹碎料板的物理力学性能进行了比较分析。板材弹性模量：竹席增强竹碎料板〉竹碎料/木纤维复合板〉普通竹碎料板;静曲强度：竹席增强竹碎料板〉竹碎料/木纤维复合板〉普通竹碎料板;吸水率：普通竹碎料板〉竹碎料/木纤维复合板〉竹席增强竹碎料板;吸水厚度膨胀率：普通竹碎料板〉竹碎料/木纤维复合板〉竹席增强竹碎料板;内结合强度：竹碎料/木纤维复合板〉竹席增强竹碎料板〉普通竹碎料板。     

广宁县竹香骨下脚料制备竹碎料刨花板及其复合改性研究

采用竹香骨下脚料为原料,以脲醛树脂和三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂制备竹碎料刨花板,并与木纤维复合改性,检测并分析了内结合强度、静曲强度、弹性模量和吸水性。结果表明,在热压温度为160℃时,竹碎料板和竹木复合碎料板的物理力学性能均满足国标规定在干燥状态下使用的普通用板要求。当木纤维与竹碎料复合后,复合板材的静曲强度和弹性模量有一定程度提高,但内结合强度降低。     

麦秸/石膏复合材的工艺研究

以麦秸和石膏为原料,采用铺装生产工艺,通过单因子试验,研究原料形态、料膏比、乳白胶加入量和原料预处理方式等工艺因子对麦秸/石膏复合材性能的影响,并利用体视显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察复合材的胶接状况。结果表明:料膏比10%、原料筛网目数10～20目、乳白胶的加入量12.5%、麦秸经热水处理3h,所制备的麦秸/石膏复合材各项物理力学性能较佳,指标可达到LY/T1598—2002石膏刨花板标准合格品的要求。     

稻草原料酸碱性及稻草中密度纤维板的性能

测试分析了稻草原料的ｐＨ值和缓冲容量，分别使用脲醛树脂胶和异氰酸酯胶在特定工艺条件下压制了稻草中密度纤维板，并测试了板材性能。结果表明：１）稻草秸秆原料呈弱碱性，缓冲容量远高于普通木材；经热磨处理获得的稻草纤维呈弱酸性，其缓冲容量虽较稻草秸秆有一定幅度的下降，但仍高于普通木材；２）脲醛树脂或异氰酸酯稻草中密度纤维板的性能都明显优于相应的碎料板；在密度０．８０ｇ／ｃｍ３和施胶量１７％的条件下，脲醛树脂稻草中密度纤维板性能达到国标ＧＢ／Ｔ１７６５７－１９９９一等品的要求，在密度０．８０ｇ／ｃｍ３和施胶量６％的条件下，异氰酸酯稻草中密度纤维板性能达到国标ＧＭ／Ｔ１７６５７－１９９９优等品要求。     

Effects of five additive materials on mechanical and dimensional properties of wood cement-bonded boards

There is a growing desire to improve the properties and use of nonwood plant materials as supplements to wood materials for wood cement-bonded boards (WCBs). This study was conducted to determine the comparative properties of WCBs containing various amounts of discontinuous inorganic fiber materials, such as alkali-resistant glass fiber, normal glass fiber, mineral wool, and nonwood plant materials such as retted flax straw and wheat straw particles. Tested cement-bonded boards were made at wood/additive compositions of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (weight percentages). Seventy-eight laboratory-scale WCBs were produced. Various board properties, such as the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding strength (IB), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), and linear expansion (LE), were studied. The test results showed that three types of discontinuous inorganic fiber used as reinforcing materials in composites significantly enhanced and modified the performance of WCBs. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of cement-bonded board were significantly improved with increasing amounts of the additives. MOR and IB were increased; and WA, TS, and LE of boards were reduced by combination with the inorganic fiber materials. The results also indicated that combination with retted flax straw particles only slightly increased the MOR of boards, and wheat straw particles led to marked decreases in all the mechanical properties and the dimensional stability of WCBs.Part of this report was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000     

棉杆/木材复合碎料板生产工艺试验

采用正交试验对棉杆/木材复合碎料板的生产工艺条件与力学性能的关系进行了试验研究。结果表明,生产棉杆/木材复合碎料板适宜的生产工艺条件为:棉木比为1.4∶1,施胶量为11%,板材密度为0.7 g.cm-3,石蜡用量为3%。     

Manufacture and properties of Miscanthus–wood particle composite boards

Miscanthus sacchariflorus straw was used as a raw material for the manufacture of Miscanthus–wood particle composite board with Douglas-fir particles in ratios of 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80, and 0/100. A commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin was used as a binder at 9 and 11 % for target densities of 0.50 and 0.65 g/cm³, respectively. The effects of the Miscanthus/wood particle ratio on the composite board properties were investigated. In addition, the density profile was also examined to improve the understanding of the composite board manufacturing process. Results indicate that the internal bonding value increased drastically in the board containing up to 50 % wood particles, providing a valuable parameter for subsequent research. The board properties were greatly improved with increasing density and binder addition level.     

Upgrading of urea formaldehyde-bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards using silane coupling agents

Reed and wheat straw particleboards bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) resin were manufactured from two different material configurations (i.e., fine and coarse particles). The board densities were in the range of 0.550–.90g/cm³. The effects of particle size and board density on the board properties were examined. The properties of particleboard produced from fine particles were better than those made from coarse particles. An increase in board density resulted in a corresponding improvement in the board properties. The properties of OF bonded reed and wheat straw particleboards were relatively lower than those of commercial particleboards. Three silane coupling agents were used to improve the bondability between the reed and wheat particles and OF resin. Results of this study indicate that all the board properties were improved by the addition of silane coupling agent. The degree of improvement achieved from each coupling agent was different; epoxide silane was found to be more effective for reed straw particleboard, and amino silane was better for wheat straw particleboard.     

利用废旧刨花板及其制品生产再生刨花板

废旧刨花板及其制品不仅危害周围环境，同时也是对木材资源的浪费。研发以废旧刨花板及其制品为原料生产刨花板，既减少了污染源，又可使木材资源得到重复利用。     

双氧水和固化剂对稻草碎料板性能影响的比较

分析比较用双氧水处理稻草、板材表芯层固化剂的添加量对稻草碎料板性能影响的结果表明,用浓度为10%、pH值为10~11的双氧水处理稻草,会降低稻草板的综合性能;而将稻草板的表芯层分开添加不同量的固化剂,压制的稻草板可达到国标要求。