遵义市辣椒产业发展现状及对策

介绍了遵义辣椒的生产历史和发展现状,辣椒产业的发展在遵义农业结构调整中有较强的比较优势,并对遵义发展辣椒产业的自然环境、市场需求、经济效益等进行分析,提出遵义发展辣椒产业存在的问题和建议.     

遵义市辣椒产业现状及发展战略

遵义市是中国辣椒之都,位于全国最大的辣椒主产区西南和华中的中心区域,也是全国辣椒消费重辣区,其交通便捷,环境优美,辣椒产业文化丰富。当前遵义辣椒产业正处在基地优化、技术升级和产业提升的关键时期,亟需理清发展思路。通过对遵义辣椒产业现状的阐述与问题的分析,从而针对性地提出了发挥种植优势、突出产品特色,优化产区布局、推广生态化栽培,培育大型加工企业、促进加工产业升级与转型等战略,以促进遵义辣椒产业的发展。     

遵义朝天椒产业现状及发展思考

遵义辣椒居全国各大辣椒主产区第一位,加工规模、产品数量均居全国前列,建有全国唯一国家级辣椒交易市场。遵义朝天椒占遵义市辣椒种植总面积的70%以上,本文在总结遵义朝天椒产业发展现状与存在问题的基础上,提出了遵义朝天椒产业突出"香辣协调、品味温醇"的产品特点,构架"一心两翼多点"加工企业集群的发展思路,建成一区、两平台、五中心的世界辣椒贸易城和三大辣椒生产基地的目标任务。     

遵义朝天椒产业集群化建设现状与思考

辣椒是遵义巩固拓展脱贫攻坚和助推乡村振兴的主导产业之一,遵义市委、市政府高度重视辣椒产业发展.遵义市于2017 年被农业部、财政部、发改委等九部委联合批准为遵义朝天椒中国特色农产品优势区;2018 年,遵义市委、市政府作出了建设"世界辣椒加工贸易基地"的战略部署;2020年,以遵义朝天椒为核心区域,获批实施贵州朝天椒优势特色产业集群建设项目.通过多年的持续努力,遵义朝天椒产业集群化建设取得较大成效,目前,遵义辣椒种植规模常年稳定在200万亩(13.33万hm2)以上,年产鲜椒260余万t;有初(粗)、深、精加工企业123 家,年加工辣椒制品35万t;有省部共建国家级遵义辣椒市场,年干辣椒交易量40万t,遵义朝天椒全产业链集群化发展具备规模.为深入推进遵义朝天椒产业持续健康发展,经调查研究,梳理出了产业集群建设现状,分析了存在问题,并提出了下步发展建议,供行业发展参考.     

遵义地区辣椒病虫害绿色防控技术

世界辣椒看中国,中国辣椒看贵州,贵州辣椒看遵义.遵义地区辣椒种植面积常年稳定在13万hm2以上,现有省、市、县各级辣椒基地示范点400余个,示范面积约0.7万hm2,发展订单种植面积约7.4万hm2.近年来,遵义地区围绕"世界辣椒加工贸易基地"战略部署,以"四新一高"(培育新品种、引进新技术、发展新模式、形成新业态,实现高效益)和"新两品一标"发展思路,做优做强种植生产"第一车间",持续推进辣椒产业高质量发展,着力做强辣椒产业大市.     

遵义市辣椒产业发展的现状、问题与对策

本文概述了遵义市辣椒产业发展的基本情况及存在的问题,进一步提出了当前遵义辣椒产业发展的思路与措施。     

遵义朝天椒新优品种及其配套栽培技术

正遵义朝天椒又名遵义小辣椒、虾子朝天小辣椒(因虾子辣椒市场而得名),因色泽鲜艳、油润红亮、果形美观、肉厚质细、芳香浓辣,含有多种微量元素和矿物质,在国内外市场享有盛名,系遵义重要的经济作物,遵义虾子辣椒交易市场为全国最大的辣椒交易市场。但生产中由于品种老化、种性退化严重、技术配套不到位、管理粗放等原因,导致部分地区辣椒的产量和品质呈下降的态势,严重影响了产业的发展。近年来,武汉世真华龙农业生物技术有     

遵义市辣椒产业竞争力"钻石模型"分析与建议

通过近半个世纪的发展,遵义市辣椒产业发展已经进入到了一个新的历史阶段,面对新时代的农业供给侧改革和辣椒产业的新挑战,遵义市围绕世界辣椒加工贸易基地建设,已基本形成了省、市、县(区)辣椒产业发展和管理体系,产业建设逐步走上了制度化、规范化、产业化的轨道,但仍然有许多问题尚待解决,且总体竞争水平不高,距离打造世界辣椒加工贸易基地,建中国"辣椒硅谷"的目标还有一定的差距。为提升遵义辣椒产业竞争力,笔者通过对"钻石模型"框架下的生产要素、需求条件、相关产业、企业战略等因素进行分析,有针对性地提出了优化辣椒产业生产要素、拉动辣椒市场需求、实施全球化战略、抓好基础设施建设、完善服务体系、扩大政府政策扶持范围等六大建议。     

遵义朝天椒生态化栽培技术

辣椒是遵义市发展较为成熟的传统优势产业,有资源、有基地、有加工厂、有品牌、有市场.为了提高本地朝天椒的综合生产水平,促进全市辣椒产业的健康发展,从2011年开始,遵义市果蔬工作站在10个县(区、市)组织实施遵义朝天椒生态化栽培技术示范与推广项目,熟化和集成了遵义朝天椒生态化栽培技术体系, 现将有关技术归纳整理如下,以供同仁参考.     

中国“辣椒硅谷”的现状、问题及裂变发展战略

针对当前中国"辣椒硅谷"遵义的辣椒产业正处在基地优化、技术升级和产业提升关键时期的现状,亟待提出新时代的发展思路。为此,调查了中国"辣椒硅谷"的种植、加工、品牌、新型经营主体、市场、人才等基本现状,提出了其存在的问题,如缺乏顶层设计和战略对策;"龙头"不强,品牌少;规模化经营程度不够,产业化水平有待提高;科技服务体系不健全,标准化生产技术相对滞后;群众种植积极性不高,辣椒品种退化;资金缺乏,宣传力度不大等,并在明确遵义裂变发展优势的基础上,提出了相应的6大发展战略,即建立强有力的领导机构,开展顶层设计和战略路径研究;做大做强"龙头"企业,实施品牌战略;搭平台、建窗口、重宣传、挖文化,实施全球化战略;加强辣椒人才培育,实施辣椒产业人才战略;提高规模化经营水平,实施全产业链发展战略;建立健全科技服务体系,提高标准化生产技术水平。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.