叶面喷锌对鄂杂棉28号部分生理指标的影响

通过对鄂杂棉28号叶面喷施锌肥,研究其叶片中叶绿素含量、蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量的变化.结果表明:每次以5g/L的浓度喷锌,随着施锌次数的增加,叶片中叶绿素、蛋白质和可溶性糖的含量均增加.     

茶多酚对干旱胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响

以黄瓜为材料,研究干旱胁迫下不同浓度的茶多酚对黄瓜幼苗氮代谢相关酶活性、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的影响。结果显示,干旱胁迫降低了黄瓜幼苗中可溶性糖、蛋白质的含量和GS活性。不同浓度的茶多酚均能增加黄瓜幼苗干旱胁迫下可溶性糖和蛋白质的含量,提高GS的活性,促进氨的同化。     

普通小麦品种（系）以及杂交组合后代株系籽粒无机磷含量的分布

植酸是植物中磷的主要储存形式,适当减少植酸含量就可以提高作物种子中微量元素的利用率、降低环境中磷的污染和浪费。本研究旨在通过钼蓝显色法测定小麦种子中无机磷的含量,间接反映小麦品种（品系或株系）的植酸含量,从而为低植酸小麦品种的培育提供参考。对348个普通小麦品种（系）、232个近缘种杂交后代株系,以及4个普通小麦杂交组合的第四代（或第五代）株系进行了无机磷含量测定,结果表明,这570份小麦材料的籽粒无机磷含量主要分布在0.46μg/mg-0.93μg/mg之间,低无机磷（低于0.15μg/mg）、高无机磷（高于0.93μg/mg）的材料比较少,呈现中间多、两头少的分布趋势。4个杂交组合群体无机磷含量的平均值分别是0.6549μg/mg、0.5918μg/mg、0.4538μg/mg和0.5792μg/mg,没有高无机磷或者低无机磷含量的株系,可能由这4个组合的亲本无机磷含量所决定的。因此,在普通小麦品种（系）、近缘种杂交后代株系中存在少量高无机磷和低无机磷的材料,而从中等无机磷含量的亲本杂交后代中没有筛选到高无机磷（低植酸）的株系。     

花生芽菜发芽过程中营养物质变化规律研究

本文以发芽花生(0～9 d)为对象,研究了花生萌芽期间基本营养物质水分、蛋白质、脂肪、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸及活性成分多酚、白藜芦醇、原花色素含量的变化规律.结果表明,花生芽菜在0～9 d内,水分含量持续增加,蛋白质基本维持在原有水平,脂肪含量降低44％,可溶性糖含量增加70％,游离氨基酸含量增加212％,多酚含量增加3...     

不同品牌椰子汁质量的研究

为了更好地了解市售椰子汁的质量状况,本实验以市场上常见的20种不同品牌的椰子汁为样品,通过测量这20个样品的脂肪含量、可溶性固形物含量、蛋白质含量、酸价以及色差,分析了市售椰子汁的质量状况。结果发现:脂肪、可溶性固形物、蛋白质含量达到国家标准QB/T 2300-2006规定的均有19个样品;被测样品的酸价均值为0.86 mg/g,个别样品酸价较大,色差值(Lab值)的变化揭示了椰子汁在颜色上的差异。     

海南不同地区绿茶功能性成分对比分析

检测了海南五种绿茶中的功能性成分茶多酚、粗多糖、超氧化物歧化酶活性、总黄酮、总皂甙含量,并进行了对比分析。茶多酚的含量以五指山绿茶最高为21.9 g/100g,粗多糖含量以五指山绿茶中的最高为32mg/g,超氧化物歧化酶活性以响水绿茶最高为560 U/g,总黄酮含量以定安绿茶中的最高为400mg/100g,总皂甙含量以五指山绿茶中的最高为301mg/100g。海南五指山绿茶稍占优势,其在茶多酚、粗多糖和总皂苷三个功能成分方面均是最高的。从指标方面总体来看,除了五指山绿茶和定安绿茶的超氧化物歧化酶活性过低之外,五种海南绿茶的其他功能成分含量丰富且差异较小。     

茶树花酒的研制

茶树花含有丰富的茶多酚、氨基酸、茶多糖、蛋白质、维生素等对人体有益的成分，其干物质含量为13%～19%，其中含茶多酚13.02%、氨基酸2.84%、咖啡碱2.59%、蛋白质27.46%、儿茶素总量63.42mg/g、总糖38.47%，对人体具有解毒、降脂、降糖、抗癌、滋补、养颜等功效。茶树开花期一般在9～12月，花期长达100～110天，每公顷茶园可产干花450～750kg。福建省茶园面积达14万hm^2，茶树花资源非常丰富。     

两季贡菊花生理生化指标及活性成分测定

研究了黄山贡菊的两季花突变种基本的形态学特征,并采用可见光分光光度计、紫外分光光度计、毛细管电泳等方法对其生理生化指标和活性成分进行了测定。结果显示,叶片及茎中可溶性糖的含量分别为3.00和3.65μg/m g,可溶性蛋白的含量分别为2.08和0.57μg/m g,总叶绿素的含量为0.52 m g/g。逆境处理后,游离脯氨酸和丙二醛的含量分别达到106.90和12.18μm o l/g。叶片组织提取的酶液中过氧化物酶的活性为8.73 u/g(组织),过氧化氢酶最大酶活为36.5 u/g.m in。商品干花中,总黄酮的含量为5.17 m g/g;挥发油常温下为蓝绿色,得率为0.36%;绿原酸的含量为0.57 m g/g。     

部分杧果品种果实若干品质特征的比较研究

研究57个杧果品种果实的7项品质特征,结果表明:不同杧果品种果实的可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量分别为9.00%～19.88%、11.30%～20.88%、0.02%～0.89%,糖酸比、固酸比分别为16.47～878.86、19.25～882.78,类胡萝卜素含量为6.38～48.60μg/g FW,贮藏期为6～17 d,相对应各项指标的平均值分别为13.51%、14.44%、0.26%、127.36、127.05、23.01μg/g FW、10.17 d,不同品种果实的品质存在显著差异.灰色关联度分析表明,57个杧果品种的综合品质以留香杧最佳.完熟时绿色果皮品种的果实可溶性糖含量显著高于红色果皮品种,且糖酸比值和同酸比值显著高于红色与黄色果皮品种.多胚品种的可溶性糖含量显著高于单胚品种.相关分析表明,芒果可溶性糖含量与可溶性固形物含量及类胡萝卜素含量呈极显著或显著正相关,可滴定酸含量与糖酸比、固酸比呈极显著负相关.     

4种风味铁观音的滋味成分分析

本试验将市售铁观音划分为"正炒"、"消青"、"拖酸"、"浓香"等4种风味,分别进行不同时间单次冲泡处理,对冲泡茶汤进行感官审评和主要生化成分检测.结果表明,冲泡3 min时,可较好反映各种风味的感官品质特点.冲泡茶汤理化成分检测结果表明,"正炒"铁观音的水浸出物含量最高,茶多酚含量和可溶性糖总量较低;"消青"铁观音的游离氨基酸总量最高;"拖酸"铁观音的水浸出物含量最低,可溶性糖总量最丰富;"浓香"铁观音的茶多酚/儿茶素类含量高于其他茶样,游离氨基酸含量最低.从生化成分浸出效率来看,水浸出物、游离氨基酸及简单儿茶素更易浸出,而茶多酚/酯型儿茶素及可溶性糖浸出量较低,揭示了不同风味铁观音冲泡时的滋味变化.     

豫北优质大豆产业发展策略

针对豫北地区的大豆生产现状，从气候、土壤、品种、生态因素及市场需求等方面提出了优质大豆的发展策略与途径。     

Analysis of nutritional components of eight famine foods of the Republic of Niger

In the western Sahel, indigenous plants become important staples when cereal harvests are inadequate to support populations inhabiting that region of Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient content of several of these edible wild plants. The leaves of the following seven plant foods were analyzed: Ziziphus mauritiana, Cerathotheca sesamoides, Moringa oleifera, Leptadenia hastata, Hibiscus sabdarifa, Amaranthus viridi, and Adansonia digitata. The fatty acid, vitamin E, carotenoid, selected mineral and amino acid contents of these plant foods were determined. These same analyses were performed on the fruit of the Adansonia digitata. In quantitative and qualitative terms, Amaranthus viridis was found to be an excellent source of protein. Its amino acid composition compared favorably to that of a World Health Organization (WHO) protein standard. It also contained considerable amounts of the two fatty acids that are essential in humans (linoleic and -linolenic) and a number of minerals including iron, magnesium, calcium and zinc. The leaves of Hibiscus sabdarifa contained an appreciable quantity of protein the composition of which was comparable to the WHO standard. The mineral content of the leaves of this plant was also exceptionally high; noteworthy was its high zinc content. H. sabdarifa also contained significant quantities of the two essential fatty acids. Ziziphus mauritiana was an excellent source of the essential fatty acid linoleic acid and several of the metals including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. Its content of other essential nutrients, however, was rather low. In general, Adansonia digitata leaves were nutritionally superior to the fruit of the tree; however, the fruit did contain useful quantities of potassium, phosphorus, zinc and -linolenic acid. The Leptadenia hastata leaves were an especially good source of lutein and -carotene. These data should be useful to the people who inhabit the western Sahel in helping them devise healthy diets during times when cereal staples are in short supply.     

狗牙根诱变后代抗寒性评价

通过电解质外渗法和匍匐茎恢复试验对‘阳江’狗牙根及其12个通过形态鉴定选出的坪用价值高且花序密度低的诱变后代进行抗寒性鉴定。电解质外渗法结果表明:诱变后代间的抗寒性具有较大差异,其叶片半致死温度(LT₅₀)的变异范围为-7.6～-0.2℃(最低值与最大值相差7.4℃);参试材料抗寒性由强到弱依次为M18>M4>M26>M28> M22>阳江>M29>M31>M10>M37>M16>M1>M25,其中,有5个诱变后代抗寒性优于亲本,分别是M18、M4、M26、M28、M22。匍匐茎恢复实验结果表明:诱变后代M1、M22、M26、M31、M25在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫后的恢复生长率都高于亲本,恢复能力均优于亲本;M10、M37、M28在-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长能力低于亲本,抗寒性相对较弱,M16和M4在0℃和-5℃低温胁迫下,恢复生长率都低于亲本,抗寒性明显弱于亲本。综合2种方法鉴定结果显示:诱变后代M1、M25的恢复能力较强;M4、M28的叶片抗寒性较好,青绿期较长;M22、M18、M26的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较强;M29,M31的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力与亲本相似;M10、M16、M37的叶片抗寒性和匍匐茎恢复能力均较弱,整体抗寒性较弱。     

吉林省平安农业科学院大豆所大豆研究工作报告

1　吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究工作简介吉林省平安农业科学院大豆研究所 ,设在吉林省长春市西安大路种子大厦内。现有科技人员 6人 ,其中研究员 2人 ,农艺师 2人 ,技术员 2人 ,定向培养研究生 2人。大豆研究所的主要任务是选育稳产、高产、优质及抗病虫大豆新品种 ;同时密切     

Comparisons of methods of scheduling irrigations of potatoes

Irrigation of Netted Gem potatoes was scheduled during three growing seasons by three methods: (a) when plants displayed first visual symptoms of moisture stress, (b) when indicated by a soil moisture budget involving estimated evapotranspiration, and (c) on the basis of tensiometer readings of soil moisture suction. When the tensiometer method of scheduling was used, the mean yields of tubers were 55.0 and 25.8 cwt/acre (6160 and 2890 kg/ha) higher than those obtained with the other two scheduling methods. Methods did not affect the specific gravity of potatoes. Method (a) scheduled irrigations least frequently. Scheduling by the budget method was not always adequate because it was based on the assumption that the crop extracted water from a constant 4 ft (1.2 m) profile from planting to full vegetative growth. In one year the budget method scheduled the first irrigation earlier than necessary and delayed the second irrigation during a critical period of crop growth. From full vegetative cover to harvest the irrigation schedules were alike for both the budget and tensiometer methods.     

湖南沅陵4种绿茶品质成分分析

以长沙县高桥相同嫩度茶鲜叶原料采用卷曲形毛尖茶加工工艺制绿茶为对照,分别对沅陵县齐眉翠峰、凤娇碣滩茶、干发茶和军大坪茶4种绿茶的主要生化成分与感官品质进行初步分析。结果表明,沅陵4种绿茶的茶多酚总量28.76%~30.34%,游离氨基酸总量2.35%~3.22%,咖啡碱含量3.00%~3.63%,水浸出物含量37.26%~40.07%,可溶性糖总量5.46%~5.65%,可溶性蛋白含量1.50%~1.74%,类黄酮化合物总量1.16%~1.79%,叶绿素总量1.36%~2.01%,儿茶素总量13.53%~16.20%。与对照相比,4种绿茶的茶多酚、可溶性糖和儿茶素总量均高于对照,除齐眉翠峰外其余3种茶样水浸出物和叶绿素总量均高于对照,除干发茶外其余3种茶样类黄酮化合物总量均高于对照。     

Comparison of two methods of PCNB application for control of Rhizoctonia infection of potatoes

A broadcast application of PCNB (Terraclor) resulted in a reasonably uniform distribution of the chemical in the soil with the concentration decreasing in a linear fashion with increasing depth in the soil profile. A banded application resuluted in a considerably higher chemical concentration at the 4–6 inch depth than at the 0–2 or the 2–4 inch depths. The problem of the lack of uniformity of chemical distribution could probably be solved by altering nozzle placement and size and allow use of the band method of application to minimize grower cost. More complete disking in the case of the broadcast treatment would probably result in a relatively uniform distribution of the chemical but at higher cost to the grower. PCNB application rates of 10, 15 and 25 lbs per acre broadcast and 71/2, 10 and 121/2 lbs per acre in a band significantly reduced the severity ofRhizoctonia infection of Russet Burbank potatoes but did not increase potato yields significantly.     

Prediction of the digestibility of the diet of horses: evaluation of faecal indices

Data from in vivo digestibility trial with four to six horses fed twenty-seven forage-based diets are used to calculate prediction equations for the digestibility of dry and organic matter, based on the crude ash (CA), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents of diets and faeces. The most precise prediction of dry-matter digestibility (r.s.d. = 0.032, R²= 0.80) was derived from a multiple regression including faecal (CP, CF) and dietary parameters (CF). Among faecal parameters, CP was the best single predictor of both digestibility (r.s.d) = 0.040, r²= 0.63) and dietary CP content (r.s.d = 0.028, r²= 0.59). For biological reasons we propose a non-linear model that allows prediction of dry- and organic-matter digestibility from faecal CP Content with reasonable Precision (r.s.d = 0.038, 0.036, r²= 0.65, 0.74, respectively). This will be adequate for many studies, especially for free-living animals in rangelands.     

橡胶树丛枝病病原的抗血清制备与应用

以感染橡胶树丛枝病病原的长春花为材料,制备得到橡胶丛枝病病原菌抽提液,以抽提液为抗原免疫家兔,制备抗血清,经微量沉淀测定,抗血清效价为１：２０４８。应用橡胶丛枝病抗血清检测橡胶褐皮病,无症苗木检出率达３０％－３７％,可疑的褐皮病树检出率达８５．７％。