全收粪和指示剂法测定阉牛日粮有机物消化率的差异性分析

选用两个肉牛消化代谢试验所测定的8个不同日粮有机物消化率，对比分析全收粪法、Cr2O3法、AIA法对所测定有机物消化率的影响。结果表明：用全收粪法、Cr2O3法、AIA法测定日粮有机物的表观消化率分别为67．43％、62．93％、72．15％，其中AIA法测定值显著高于Cr2O3法（P〈0．05），外源指示剂Cr2O3在粪中回收率为90．74％，内源指示剂AIA回收率为118．17％。     

全收粪法和指示剂法测定陕北白绒山羊日粮养分消化率的研究

通过全收粪法和指示剂法,测定陕北白绒山羊日粮CP、EE、NDF、ADF、DM、OM的消化率.结果表明:AIA法测定各营养成分消化率比全收粪法偏高,两种方法间差异显著.外源指示剂法(Cr2O3)测定CP、EE、NDF、ADF、DM、OM的消化率与全收粪法差异不显著,Cr2O3的回收率87.75%.研究认为Cr2O3可以作为测定陕北白绒山羊日粮消化率方法.     

猪生长阶段与饲粮类型对酸不溶灰分法测定养分消化率的影响

本试验旨在探讨猪饲粮中添加硅藻土来源的盐酸不溶灰分(AIA)后,以饲粮和粪中AIA含量测定养分消化率的可行性。试验采用2×2两因素完全随机设计,其中饲粮设2个处理,即玉米-豆粕型饲粮和玉米-玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(cDDGS)-米糠粕型饲粮;猪生长阶段设2个处理,即生长期(60~100日龄)和育肥期(100~140日龄)。每个生长阶段分为2个试验期,每期试验包括5 d预试期、5 d全收粪期和3 d部分粪样定点采集期,测定饲粮及粪样的干物质、AIA、总能和粗蛋白质含量,从而计算饲粮的养分消化率及AIA的回收率。结果表明:1)玉米-豆粕型饲粮和玉米-cDDGS-米糠粕型饲粮中AIA的平均回收率分别为97.29%和97.54%,差异不显著(P0.05);2)全收粪法和AIA法测定的养分消化率差异不显著(P0.05),猪生长阶段和饲粮类型对其测定的养分消化率的绝对差影响不显著(P0.05);3)部分粪样定点采集AIA法测定的干物质消化率与全收粪AIA法差异不显著(P0.05),猪生长阶段和饲粮类型对其测定的干物质消化率的绝对差影响不显著(P0.05)。综合以上研究结果,在2种猪饲粮中添加0.8%的硅藻土后,以AIA法测定饲粮养分消化率不受猪生长阶段及饲粮类型的影响,且AIA法与全收粪法的测值是可比的。     

全收粪法与不同内源指示剂法测定山羊饲粮中养分消化率的比较

本试验旨在比较全收粪法与不同内源指示剂法测定山羊饲粮养分消化率差异,并建立消化能(DE)的估测模型。选用生长状况良好的杂交波尔山羊72只,体重约35 kg,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复6只羊。使用3种内源指示剂[盐酸不溶灰分+酸性洗涤木质素(ADL+AIA)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、盐酸不溶灰分(AIA)]法和全收粪法,分别对4种不同的颗粒型全混合日粮(TMR)进行试验,用聚酯筛网袋法测定内源指示剂的回收率。结果表明:1)内源指示剂ADL+AIA、ADL和AIA的平均回收率分别为99.84%、100.33%和100.60%,均可作为理想的内源指示剂,其中ADL+AIA作为内源指示剂平均回收率为99.84%,变异系数(CV)最低(4.59%)。2)ADL+AIA、ADL和AIA法测定4种饲粮的各养分消化率和DE与全收粪法无显著差异(P0.05)。3)采用饲粮中粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤可溶性碳水化合物(NDSC)、半纤维素(HCEL)和纤维素(CEL)含量建立的DE估测模型为:DE(MJ/kg)=0.017 2CP+0.034 6EE+0.015 3NDSC+0.010 8HCEL+0.007 8CEL。由此可见,ADL+AIA、ADL和AIA均可作为理想的内源指示剂进行育肥羊饲粮中养分消化率和DE的测定,通过测定饲粮中CP、EE、NDSC、CEL和HCEL含量,可以较好地预测育肥羊的DE。     

全收粪法与内源指示剂法测定德州驴饲粮中养分消化率的比较研究

本试验通过测定不同内源指示剂的回收率,筛选出最佳的内源指示剂,并且与全收粪法进行对比,测定德州驴饲粮中养分消化率。试验选用生长状况良好的德州公驴12头,体重(128.5±5.0) kg,随机分为3个处理,每个处理4个重复。试验选用单一饲草苜蓿和2种全混合日粮(TMR),分别使用酸不溶木质素(ADL)、含有浓硫酸不溶灰分的木质素(ADL+SAIA)、盐酸不溶灰分(AIA)3种内源指示剂和全收粪法进行消化试验,用聚酯筛网袋法测定饲粮中各内源指示剂的回收率。预试期10 d,正试期6 d。结果表明:1)3种饲粮中ADL的平均回收率为98.28%,可作为理想的内源指示剂,而AIA的平均回收率偏高。2) ADL内源指示剂法测定的3种饲粮中各养分消化率与全收粪法无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,ADL可作为内源指示剂对德州驴饲粮中养分消化率进行测定。     

肉牛日粮补饲硫酸锌对有机物消化率和氮平衡的影响

为研究肉牛日粮补饲无机锌对日粮有机物表现消化率和氮沉积的影响,试验选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔杂交肉牛,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以全收粪和全收尿法测定日粮补饲锌(源于硫酸锌,分别补饲锌0、25、50和100 mg/kg DM)对日粮有机物表观消化率和氮沉积的影响.试验结果表明,处理组间日粮有机物和粗蛋白表观消化率没有差异,平均值分别为66.2%和67.3%,各组间的氮沉积和可消化氮转化为沉积氮的效率也没有明显差异,平均值分别为27.7g/d和38.9%.肉牛日粮补饲硫酸锌对日粮有机物消化率和氮平衡没有影响.     

猪饲粮养分消化率不同测定方法的比较

本试验采用全收粪法和Cr_2O_3法测定两种饲粮干物质、有机物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、无氮浸出物和能量消化率,并用离体消化法测定干物质和能量消化率。结果表明,Cr_2O_3法测得各种养分及能量消化率与全收粪法基本一致(P>0.05),离体法两项消化率也与全收粪法吻合。     

肉牛混合日粮不同进食水平对尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量的影响

为研究肉牛不同进食水平对尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量的影响,选4头本地黄牛,按4×4拉丁方设计,采用"自由采食量"的100%、80%、60%和40%饲喂4种相同组分不同进食量的日粮,用全收粪法和全收尿法分别测定有机物的消化率和尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量.结果表明:日粮进食水平对全消化道OM表观消化率没有明显影响(P＞0.05),尿中嘌呤衍生物排出量随进食水平提高而增加(P＜0.05),而尿中肌酸酐的排出量没有明显差异(P＞0.05),日粮低进食水平时嘌呤衍生物排出量变异较大.     

不同的益生菌组合对保育猪粪污氮磷减排的影响

研究旨在通过将已筛选出对降低粪便中氮磷含量作用的细菌和真菌进行组合优化,筛选1种能有效降低保育猪粪污氮磷含量的益生菌组合,为利用益生菌降低畜禽业粪便排放导致的环境污染提供科学依据。选取16头日龄接近且体质量为57.6 kg(±3 kg)的保育猪,随机分为4个处理组,每处理组4个重复,每重复1头猪对照组饲喂基础日粮;处理组1为基础日粮+0.5%的枯草芽孢杆菌;处理组2为基础日粮+添加0.5%的枯草芽孢杆菌+0.5%的酿酒酵母菌;处理组3为基础日粮+0.5%的枯草芽孢杆菌+0.5%的酿酒酵母菌+0.5%的植物乳杆菌。结果表明:表观消化率酸不溶灰分(AIA)间接法测定,在处理组2和处理组3中,氮表观消化率提高58.65%和39.00%(P0.01),磷表观消化率提高93.80%和71.46%(P0.01),粗纤维消化率提高88.72%和32.51%(P0.01),处理组2与处理组3间差异不显著(P0.05);全收粪法测定结果中处理组3效果最明显,能有效提高氮表观消化率33.14%(P0.01),磷表观消化率48.99%(P0.01)。由此可见,复合益生菌能够有效提高氮、磷和粗纤维的表观消化率,减少粪便中氮和磷含量,降低畜禽粪便对环境的污染;由于AIA间接法与全收粪直接法计算方法不同,导致测定饲料的氮、磷和粗纤维表观消化率的结果存在一定区别。     

成都地区三种奶牛典型日粮消化率的测定

测定日粮的消化率是科学饲养畜禽的一项最基础的工作。但因奶牛日粮组成复杂、数量大,测定工作繁重且耗资很大,国内进行此项工作的报导甚少,而成都地区从古至今尚未搞过,给科学地指导奶牛饲养工作造成了一定的困难。常规全收粪法测定消化     

Cow‐specific diet digestibility predictions based on near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy scans of faecal samples

This study was designed to obtain information on prediction of diet digestibility from near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) scans of faecal spot samples from dairy cows at different stages of lactation and to develop a faecal sampling protocol. NIRS was used to predict diet organic matter digestibility (OMD) and indigestible neutral detergent fibre content (iNDF) from faecal samples, and dry matter digestibility (DMD) using iNDF in feed and faecal samples as an internal marker. Acid‐insoluble ash (AIA) as an internal digestibility marker was used as a reference method to evaluate the reliability of NIRS predictions. Feed and composite faecal samples were collected from 44 cows at approximately 50, 150 and 250 days in milk (DIM). The estimated standard deviation for cow‐specific organic matter digestibility analysed by AIA was 12.3 g/kg, which is small considering that the average was 724 g/kg. The phenotypic correlation between direct faecal OMD prediction by NIRS and OMD by AIA over the lactation was 0.51. The low repeatability and small variability estimates for direct OMD predictions by NIRS were not accurate enough to quantify small differences in OMD between cows. In contrast to OMD, the repeatability estimates for DMD by iNDF and especially for direct faecal iNDF predictions were 0.32 and 0.46, respectively, indicating that developing of NIRS predictions for cow‐specific digestibility is possible. A data subset of 20 cows with daily individual faecal samples was used to develop an on‐farm sampling protocol. Based on the assessment of correlations between individual sample combinations and composite samples as well as repeatability estimates for individual sample combinations, we found that collecting up to three individual samples yields a representative composite sample. Collection of samples from all the cows of a herd every third month might be a good choice, because it would yield a better accuracy.     

Technical note: evaluation of acid detergent lignin, alkaline peroxide lignin, acid insoluble ash, and indigestible acid detergent fiber as internal markers for prediction of alfalfa, bromegrass, and prairie hay digestibility by beef steers.

Six steers (BW = 436 +/- 15 kg) were assigned randomly to alfalfa, bromegrass, or prairie hay diets in a replicated 3 x 3 Latin square design to evaluate the efficacy of different internal markers for estimating OM digestibility (OMD). Internal markers used to estimate OMD included ADL, alkaline peroxide lignin (APL), AIA, and indigestible ADF (IADF), which consisted of a 144-h in vitro incubation (IADFWOUT), indigestible ADF with acid/pepsin pretreatment of feed and orts samples (IADFFEED), or acid/pepsin pretreatment of feed, orts, and fecal samples (IADFALL). Marker-derived estimates of OMD were compared with OMD measured by total fecal collection (TFC). For the alfalfa diet, all marker estimates differed (P less than .05) from the TFC measurement; however, lignin-based procedures (ADL and APL) and IADF with acid/pepsin pretreatment (IADFFEED, IADFALL) were numerically closest to TFC values. Estimates of bromegrass and prairie hay OMD by ADL, APL, and AIA ratio were not different (P greater than .05) from TFC measurement, although AIA seemed to provide the most accurate estimate for prairie hay. All indigestible ADF procedures yielded estimates of forage OMD that differed (P less than .05) from TFC for all forages; acid/pepsin pretreatment of samples (IADFFEED and IADFALL) improved accuracy of the OMD estimates in all forages. Likewise, recovery of indigestible ADF was consistently least among the markers evaluated. These results indicate that APL ratio performed similarly to ADL ratio in estimating forage OMD, that AIA estimated grass OMD very accurately, and that estimation of OMD by indigestible ADF ratio was improved when the procedure was accompanied by an acid/pepsin pretreatment of samples.     

Effect of β-mannanase on the digestibility of diets with different protein sources in dogs determined by different methodologies

This experiment aimed at evaluating the effects of including the enzyme, β-mannanase, in dog (Canis lupus familiaris) diets based on either poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) by-product meal (PBM) or soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Meal (SBM). The second objective was to evaluate 3 methods for determining energy and nutrient digestibility values in diets fed to dogs: total fecal collection (TFC) and use of aia or crude fiber (CF) as a marker. Eight dogs were allotted to a replicated latin square (4 by 4) design. There were 2 diets based on PBM as the major protein source and 2 diets based on SBM as the major protein source. Within each protein source, 1 diet contained no β-mannanase and 1 diet contained 0.01% β-mannanase. Diets were fed for an adaptation period of 5 d followed by 5 d of TFC. Fecal score (1 = watery feces to 5 = dry, hard pellets), pH, DM, and fecal volume were determined. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, OM, CP, ether extract (EE), N-free extract (NFE), and GE, and ME content were calculated using the methods of TFC, AIA, and CF. Data were analyzed as a 2 by 2 by 3 split-split-plot design (β-mannanase, protein source, and digestibility calculation procedure). There were interactions between protein source and β-mannanase (P < 0.05). Supplementation of β-mannanase increased ATTD of nutrients and energy and ME (+ 195.3 kcal/kg) and also reduced fecal production in the diet with SBM, but not in the diet that contained PBM. There was an interaction between digestibility calculation procedure and protein source (P < 0.05). The use of AIA overestimated ATTD of the diets containing PBM, but digestibility values estimated based on TFC and CF were not different. Dogs fed diets containing SBM produced more feces with greater moisture content and lower pH compared with dogs fed the PBM diet (P < 0.05). Addition of 0.01% β-mannanase increased (P < 0.05) the digestibility and ME content of the diets containing SBM, but did not improve (P > 0.05) fecal texture. Results indicated that values for ATTD of energy and nutrients in diets containing sbm are not different if they are calculated based on TFC, AIA, or CF, but use of AIA may result in an overestimation of values for ATTD of energy and nutrients in diets containing PBM.     

不同处理的小麦秸在绵羊体内的消化率及其对瘤胃液pH 值、NH-N 浓度的影响

从整体消化和瘤胃消化的角度出发,研究了复合处理(尿素 石灰)对小麦秸营养价值的影响。结果表明:①复合处理优于尿素处理;②复合处理可使小麦秸的干物质消化率(DM-D)、有机物消化率(OMD)、能量消化率(ED)和中性洗涤纤维消化率(NDFD)分别提高10.8%,21.4%,23.4%,43.8%。     

Determination of true ileal amino acid digestibility and the endogenous amino acid outputs associated with barley samples for growing-finishing pigs by the regression analysis technique

This study was conducted to determine true ileal AA digestibility coefficients and the endogenous AA outputs associated with barley samples for growing-finishing pigs using the regression analysis technique with dual digestibility markers. Six barrows, with 30.5 and 58.6 kg average initial and final BW, were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum and fed six barley-based diets at close to ad libitum feed intake according to a 6 x 6 Latin square design. The six diets contained 97% of six barley samples varying from low to high in CP and AA contents (8.5, 9.2, 9.8, 11.5, 12.6, and 15.6% CP, respectively, on DM basis). The dietary NDF content ranged from 16.8 to 23.8% on DM basis. Chromic oxide (Cr2O3) and acid-insoluble ash (AIA) were used as digestibility markers. Each experimental period lasted 7 d. Ileal digesta were collected, at 2-h intervals, for a total of 24 h during d 6 and 7. There were linear relationships (P < 0.01) between dietary contents of apparent ileally digestible and total CP and AA as determined by using either Cr2O3 or AIA as a digestibility marker. The use of Cr2O3 vs AIA affected (P < 0.01) the determination of true ileal AA digestibility coefficients and the endogenous CP and AA outputs. However, there were no differences (P > 0.01) in the true ileal AA digestibility coefficients in barley samples between this study and the average values reported in the literature. The endogenous CP and AA outputs determined in this study were higher (P < 0.01) than reported values (35.1+/-3.0 vs 14.7+/-1.1 g CP/kg DMI). It is concluded that dual digestibility markers should be used to measure true ileal AA digestibility coefficients and endogenous AA outputs when dietary fiber content is high and the ileal digesta is collected through a simple T-cannula in the pig. True rather than apparent ileal AA digestibility coefficients determined in barley samples should be used in diet formulation for swine. The gastrointestinal endogenous AA secretion, recycling, and output losses are important in whole-body AA utilization and homeostasis, especially when fiber-enriched diets are fed to growing-finishing pigs.     

体外产气法评价宁夏地区四种非常规粗饲料的营养价值

本研究通过体外产气法研究了甘草茎叶、野草、柠条叶和柠条四种非常规饲料体外发酵24 h的产气量、产气参数,并应用Menke和Steingass(1988)模型估测了四种饲料的有机物消化率和代谢能,其中有机物消化率最高的是甘草茎叶(69.28%)(P<0.05),野草次之(55.73%),柠条最低(22.31%)(P<0.05);四种饲料的代谢能比较,甘草茎叶最高,为10.45 MJ/kg DM(DM,干物质)(P<0.05),野草次之(6.66 MJ/kg DM),柠条最低(4.23 MJ/kg DM)(P<0.05)。通过与中国农业科学院(1984)测定的国产饲料代谢能值比较,并结合四种饲料的有机物消化率值,甘草茎叶、野草和柠条叶对于反刍动物均具有一定的饲喂价值,而柠条营养价值极低,不适宜作为反刍动物的粗饲料。     

Evaluation of internal markers isolated by alkaline hydrogen peroxide incubation and acid detergent lignin extraction

Samples from two experiments were used to evaluate the potential of ADL and alkaline peroxide lignin (APL; isolated by sequential, alkaline hydrogen peroxide [AHP] incubation and ADL extraction) for predicting digestibility of warm-season grass diets. Experiment 1 evaluated the influence of level of sorghum grain supplementation on utilization of immature bluestem-range grasses, and Exp. 2 evaluated the influence of supplemental protein x energy level interaction on the utilization of dormant bluestem-range grasses. Internal markers isolated in feed, orts and feces were 1) ADL and 2) APL with AHP incubation either before (APL-PRE) or after (APL-POST) the acid detergent extraction step in the ADL procedure. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) was calculated from the ratio of marker consumed to marker excreted for each internal marker and was compared with OMD from total collection. For Exp. 1 a treatment x marker interaction was observed (P less than .01). The APL-PRE procedure yielded OMD coefficients similar (P greater than .10) to total collection values within most treatments, but OMD coefficients from APL-POST and ADL differed (P less than .05) from total collection within all treatments except at the highest level of supplementation. For Exp. 2, predicted OMD values from ALP-PRE were similar (P greater than .10) to total collection values, whereas OMD predictions from APL-POST and ADL were different (P less than .01) from total collection. In conclusion, APL appears promising as an internal marker for bluestem-range grasses if AHP incubation is incorporated before the acid detergent extraction in the ADL procedure.     

Chromic oxide and acid‐insoluble ash as markers in digestibility studies with growing pigs and sows

The results of three experiments, focused on the determination of endogenous ileal flow (EIF) of amino acids (AA) and nitrogen (N) (Exp. 1), apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and N (Exp. 2), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), N, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (Exps. 2 and 3), were used to compare chromic oxide (Cr₂O₃) and acid‐insoluble ash (AIA) as digestibility markers. In Exps. 1 and 2, a total of six gilts fitted with T‐cannula in terminal ileum, and in Exp. 3, a total of 24 pregnant sows were used. In Exps. 1 and 2, the pigs were assigned into four dietary treatments according to 4 × 6 crossover design (Exp. 1; diets with 0%, 4%, 8% and 12% of casein; Exp. 2 basal diet with different levels of phytase). In Exp. 3, the sows were assigned to four dietary treatments (basal diet with different levels of phytase) of six sows. In Exps. 1 and 2 ileal digesta and in Exps. 2 and 3 faeces were collected for the determination of EIF, AID and ATTD. Differences in EIF of AA determined by Cr₂O₃ and AIA ranged (p ? 0.05) from ?4.62 to 4.54%. The lowest EIF was for methionine and the greatest one for proline, determined by both markers. Apparent ileal digestibility determined by Cr₂O₃ was slightly greater (p ? 0.05) in comparison with AIA. Differences ranged from 1.88% (Arg) to 7.08% (Gly). The greatest AID was for arginine and the lowest one for glycine, determined by both Cr₂O₃ and AIA. Similarly for ATTD of DM, OM, N, Ca and P, there were no differences in digestibility determined by Cr₂O₃ and AIA. Both, Cr₂O₃ and AIA, are suitable and comparable markers for digestibility studies in pigs.     

Effect of physical effectiveness on digestibility of ration for cows in early lactation

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of a diet particle size on nutrient digestibility in cows in early lactation. Treatments were diets with forage to concentrate ratio 43:57% in diet dry matter, with four different physically effective fibres (peNDF) content based on different cut length of corn silage and alfalfa haylage. The physical effectiveness factors (pef) and peNDF content of TMRs (total mixed ration) were determined using Penn State Particle Separator (PSPS) with two (pef_8.0, peNDF_8.0) or three (pef_1.18, peNDF_1.18) sieves. The reducing of cut length of forages and particle size of diets did not affect on dry matter intake, while decreased peNDF intake by 16.34 and 8.83%, for peNDF_8.0 and peNDF_1.18 respectively. Apparent total tract digestibility of the nutrients was measured using two indicators: acid insoluble ash (AIA) and acid detergent insoluble lignin (ADL). Decreasing of forages cut length significantly increased apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) from 48.39% to 53.84% and from 53.9% to 58.66%, of crude protein from 73.96% to 79.24% and from 71.56% to 77.90%, with contemporary decreasing of non‐fibre carbohydrate from 90.89% to 84.81% and from 91.99% to 86.80%, with AIA or ADL as indicator respectively. Dietary value of net energy for lactation (NE_L) and energy intake was not affected by the peNDF content of the diet.     

饲粮纤维源及粗纤维水平对肉兔营养物质消化率、肠道消化酶活性及盲肠菌群多样性的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮纤维源及粗纤维(CF)水平对肉兔营养物质消化率、肠道消化酶活性及盲肠菌群多样性的影响。试验采用双因子试验设计,依据等能等氮原则,设2种纤维源(苜蓿草粉、稻壳粉)、3个CF水平(12%、14%、16%),共配制6种试验饲粮。选择144只70~80日龄、平均体重(2 002±77)g的健康伊拉生长肉兔,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只兔,单笼饲养。饲养试验为期4周,饲养试验期末,采用全收粪法进行消化试验,之后进行屠宰,取肠道食糜用于消化酶活性及盲肠菌群多样性的测定。结果表明:1)苜蓿草粉组干物质(DM)、CF、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、木质素(ADL)的消化率显著或极显著高于稻壳粉组(P0.05或P0.01),粗蛋白质(CP)消化率则极显著低于稻壳粉组(P0.01);12%CF水平组DM、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、ADF的消化率显著高于14%CF水平组(P0.05),同时该组能量的消化率及表观消化能(ADE)极显著高于14%、16%CF水平组(P0.01)。2)稻壳粉组十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性极显著高于苜蓿草粉组(P0.01)。与14%、16%CF水平组相比,12%CF水平组的空肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶活性及盲肠纤维素酶活性均最低。3)纤维源对盲肠菌群丰富度和香农指数无显著影响(P0.05),但苜蓿草粉组的盲肠菌群均衡指数极显著高于稻壳粉组(P0.01)。CF水平对盲肠菌群丰富度和香农指数有显著影响(P0.05),其中16%CF水平组的数值均为最高。综上所述,在本试验条件下:1)苜蓿草粉组肉兔DM、CF、ADF、ADL的消化率及盲肠菌群均衡指数显著或极显著高于稻壳粉组,但十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性极显著低于稻壳粉组。2)饲粮CF水平为12%时肉兔的ADE和各主要营养物质的消化率最高;CF水平越高,肉兔空肠淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶活性和盲肠纤维素酶活性越高;饲粮CF水平为16%时肉兔盲肠菌群的多样性较高。