基因库中21个美洲黑杨无性系的抗寒性

基因库中２１个美洲黑杨无性系的抗寒性徐红，张崎纹，陈一山，解荷峰关键词美洲黑杨无性系，抗寒性，电导率，膜脂脂肪酸不饱和度美洲黑杨（ＰｏｐｕｌｕｓｄｅｌｔｏｉｄｅｓＭａｒｓｈ）无性系具有生长迅速，抗病虫性较强等优良性状。历史上引种成功的几个美洲黑杨无性...     

普通油茶无性系抗炭疽病评价

[目的]评价110个普通油茶无性系对炭疽病的抗病性,为油茶炭疽病抗性种质材料筛选和优良品种推广提供科学依据。[方法]采用田间调查方法和病情指数法,调查2014、2016年两年中110个普通油茶无性系的抗病性。[结果]在参试的110个普通油茶无性系中,未发现免疫(I)、高抗(HR)、高感(HS)无性系,抗病无性系10个,中抗无性系30个,中感无性系65个,感病无性系5个,其中9号、21号、27号、40号、45号、66号、150号、164号、177号、219号是10份抗病无性系。[结论]综合两年调查结果筛选出9号等10份抗病无性系,为深入研究普通油茶抗炭疽病机制和抗病育种提供了育种基础材料和参考依据。     

应用电导法评价5个桉树抗寒性

文章从材料和条件控制上探讨电导法评价桉树抗寒性的应用,具体评价了4个桉树无性系和邓恩桉实生种的抗寒性.结果表明:EG-6无性系抗寒性较强,叶片半致死温度为-9.76～-8.95℃,井冈1号和广9次之,叶片半致死温度为-9.26～-8.22℃,邓恩桉和DH201-2较弱,叶片半致死温度为-8.80 ～-7.77℃.不同叶...     

寒旱区杨树种、品种（无性系）对杨二尾舟蛾抗性研究

对寒旱区克拉玛依市的51个杨树种、品种（无性系）的杨二尾舟蛾危害指数和相对抗性指数进行了调查和分析,结果表明：除准噶尔3号属低抗水平外,其余50个种、品种（无性系）均属于中感和高感水平;不同杂交组合的相对抗性指数差异显著;同一杂交组合的不同种（或品种）间抗性也存在显著差异。     

Cross breeding of Populus and its hybrids for cold resistance

Populus tomentosa was crossed with P. tremuloidis, P. grandidentata, P. alba × P. grandidentata and P. alba × Ulmus pumila in order to maintain its rapid growth and high wood quality and improve its resistance to cold. Two methods were used to increase the germination rate from 1.5% to 41.1% and the remaining rate from 1.7% to 44.2%. Forty crossing combinations were conducted and 2 744 hybrid seedlings were obtained. MX₄ × P. grandidentata (G-1-58), MX₃ × P. tremuloidis (T-44-60), MX₂ × P. tremuloidis (1-13-87-37) and MX₂ × (P. alba × P. grandidentata) were regarded as superior combinations after analysis and selection. Thirty seedlings of these combinations and 11 triploid seedlings identified by counting their chromosomes were selected as super plants. [Supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Ministry of Education (Grant No. 200220022004) and the National “863” Project (Grant No. 2002AA241071)]     

山核桃不同无性系果实性状及营养成分分析

[目的]探明山核桃无性系果实形态结构特征、内含物营养成分组成与含量及其变异规律。[方法]采用国家标准、方差分析、多重比较等方法对山核桃无性系测定试验林11个无性系果实性状和营养成分进行分析。[结果]结果表明:山核桃果实除青果果长和坚果果长无性系间表现出显著性差异外,其它指标均未表现出显著性差异;种仁富含脂肪(52.64%58.51%)、蛋白质(55.07 65.50 mg·g-1)、可溶性糖(0.26%0.68%)和K、Ca、Na、Mg、Ze、Mn、Fe等矿质元素,种仁蛋白共检测出17种氨基酸,各氨基酸含量在无性系间差异极显著。[结论]基于山核桃营养成分特点,探讨了山核桃无性系选育利用方向,并综合筛选出大源4号、高岭8号和高岭4号3个优质果用无性系,徐坑89号高档食用油无性系及大源2号、大源4号2个高氨基酸无性系。     

Variation in wood properties of six natural acacia hybrid clones in northern Vietnam

Wood properties of six 8-year-old natural acacia hybrid clones between Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis, planted in Bavi, Vietnam, were studied. The hybrid clones possessed obvious heterosis in growth and in some wood properties. The characteristics of growth, air-dry specific gravity, lengths of fibers and vessel elements, S₂ microfibril angle, green moisture content, and shrinkage were examined to clarify the variation among clones. From the results, the differences among the clones in growth and in some wood properties were significant. The pattern of distribution of specific gravity showed that there were low and high specific gravity zones in the stem. Specific gravity at stump height or at 3.0 m was useful for prediction of specific gravity in the whole tree stem. Moreover, clones with high specific gravity can be predicted at a young age. There was no significant correlation between diameter growth and specific gravity. Of the six clones studied, clone BV5 was selected as the best based on its growth ability and specific gravity. Part of this report was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, August 2007     

Effect of low temperature on pollen vitality ofLarix olgensis

After the treatment of pollen oflarix olgensis at the different low temperature, the pollen vitality was observed by using fluorescent staining method. Several conclusions were obtained: 1) 0°C–3°C is the best temperature range for storing pollen ofLarix olgensis. 2) At the same temperature, humidity is the key factor influencing the pollen vitality. 3) Different clones shows different resistance to low temperature. Among the ten clones 2# clone shows the highest resistance.     

灰楸无性系生长和形质性状变异与选择

[目的]本研究考察了灰楸无性系生长(树高、胸径、单株材积)和形质(分枝度、分枝角、冠幅、树皮厚度、尖削度)性状,为灰楸优质用材良种选育和定向培育提供理论依据。[方法]以5年生灰楸试验林33个无性系为材料进行多个性状的遗传变异分析、方差分析、重复力估算。利用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合选择优良无性系。[结果]灰楸树高、胸径、单株材积在无性系间差异显著或极显著,其重复力为0.456～0.592。灰楸形质性状中,平均尖削度P1和P3在无性系间存在显著或极显著差异,且具有中等大小的重复力(0.479和0.415)。遗传相关分析中,单株材积与冠幅、树皮厚度、平均尖削度P1等存在显著或极显著较弱的正相关,相关系数为0.178～0.263。针对不同育种目标,利用主成分评价和隶属函数法最终选择出特定的优良无性系。[结论]5年生灰楸无性系间各性状存在丰富的遗传变异,且生长性状受到中等的遗传控制,有较好的遗传改良潜力。灰楸无性系生长性状与形质性状具有独立性,可进行单独定向选择。灰楸无性系H3-1-9、H3-1-18、H3-1-10、H3-1-3、H3-2-16和H3-1-17可作为速生丰产良种;无性系H3-1-16、H3-1-19、H3-2-12和H3-2-9可作为优质用材的无性系;无性系H3-1-17、H3-1-10、H3-1-18和H3-2-16可考虑作为生长和形质综合改良的灰楸无性系在当地推广。     

滇西地区西南桦无性系早期测定与生长节律研究

[目的]开展西南桦无性系早期生长变异及生长节律研究,揭示其生长规律及适应性,为西南桦无性系选育及速生丰产林营建提供参考。[方法]以滇西地区20个无性系参试的3年生西南桦无性系测定林为研究对象,每月定期测定其树高、胸径,探讨各无性系的生长变异,应用聚类分析划分生长类型,运用有序聚类分析进一步揭示各类型无性系的生长节律特征,通过相关性分析探明影响生长节律的主要气象因子。[结果]20个西南桦无性系间树高和胸径差异极显著(P0.01),根据生长表现,可将其划分为速生、中等和慢生3种类型,其中,B3、A10、Q3、Q4、Q2无性系属于速生型,其树高、胸径年均生长量大多超过2 m和2 cm;与中等和慢生型无性系相比,速生型无性系的生长优势并非完全表现在速生期,其在缓生期和滞生期的生长优势更大;各类型西南桦无性系的生长节律基本一致,其树高生长高峰在7—9月,低谷为4月和12月;其胸径生长高峰为5、10月,8月和12月为低谷,尤以8月生长最慢,这与该月的日照时数低有关。[结论]在滇西地区,B3、A10、Q3、Q4、Q2等5个无性系生长最迅速,颇具发展潜力。从经营措施看,宜在树高、胸径生长高峰之前,即5月和9月加强幼林抚育施肥,促进林木生长。