优质高产杂交糯稻新品种嘉糯1优2号高产制种技术

嘉糯1优2号是福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所选育的优质、高产杂交糯稻新品种,2009年7月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。根据嘉糯1优2号亲本的特征特性,结合制种生产实践,提出了嘉糯1优2号高产制种技术。     

优质杂交糯稻嘉糯2优2号的选育

嘉糯2优2号是福建农林大学作物科学学院用嘉农wx2A作母本、嘉糯恢2号作父本配组育成的杂交糯稻新品种,2018年7月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定,表现优质、丰产稳产等特点。就嘉糯2优2号品种的选育流程、产量表现、特征特性、栽培及制种高产技术作简要阐述。     

新糯稻嘉糯Ⅰ优6号在上杭县的示范效果与丰产栽培技术

<正>嘉糯Ⅰ优6号是福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所用嘉农WXA1与嘉糯恢6号杂交选育而成的糯稻新品种,2009年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员     

优质高产杂交糯稻新组合嘉糯1优2号的选育与应用

嘉糯1优2号是福建农林大学作物科学学院采用60Co-γ射线辐照诱变的方法育成糯稻不育系嘉农wxA1与糯稻恢复系嘉糯恢2号后再用其配组育成的杂交糯稻新组合.具有高产稳产、米质优、生育期适宜、适应性广等特点,于2009年7月通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.介绍了该组合的选育经过、产量表现、特征特性、高产栽培及高产制种技术要点.     

高产优质杂交糯稻新组合嘉糯1优6号的选育与应用

嘉糯1优6号是用糯稻不育系嘉农聊A1与恢复系嘉糯恢6号配组育成的杂交糯稻新组合,具有高产稳产、米质优、生育期合适、适应性广、制种产量高等特点,于2009年3月通过福建省农作物品种审定。介绍了该组合的选育经过、产量表现、特征特性、高产栽培及高产制种技术要点。     

杂交糯稻新组合嘉糯1优6号高产制种技术

2008和2009年在福建省邵武市共制种嘉糯1优6号(嘉农wxA1/嘉糯恢6号)72.3hm2,平均产量3.375t/hm2。根据制种实践及父母本的特征特性,总结了该组合的高产制种技术。     

优质抗病杂交糯稻新组合糯两优12的选育与应用

糯两优12是用糯稻光温敏核不育系闽糯1S和三系保持系嘉农wx2B配组育成的籼型杂交糯稻新组合，具有稳产、优质、抗稻瘟病等特点，于2021年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

杂交籼糯稻新组合嘉糯Ⅰ优6号高产制种技术

嘉糯Ⅰ优6号是采用核辐射诱变技术育成的三系籼糯稻,产量高,适应性较广。根据嘉糯Ⅰ优6号双亲的特征特性和2a当地高产制种经验,总结了该组合高产制种技术。     

新糯稻嘉糯I优6号在上杭县的示范效果与丰产栽培技术

嘉糯I优6号是福建农林大学作物遗传育种研究所用嘉农WXA1与嘉糯恢6号杂交选育而成的糯稻新品种,2009年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定（闽审稻2009003）。2009年上杭县种子管理站在庐丰乡上坊村作烟后稻示范种植,面积0．4hm2,产量559．9kg／667m2。表现生长整齐,剑叶瓦状直立,株型紧凑,分蘖力较强,穗大粒多,成穗率高,熟期转色佳,抗性好,产量高。适宜在该地区作中稻或低海拔区域作烟后稻与双季晚稻栽培。     

杂交糯稻嘉糯Ⅰ优721高产保质制种技术

嘉糯Ⅰ优721是信阳市农业科学院以三系糯稻不育系嘉农wx A1为母本、高产强优恢复系信糯恢721为父本配组育成的杂交糯稻组合,2013年通过河南省农作物品种审定委员会审定(豫审稻2013005)。介绍了该组合亲本特征特性及优质高产制种技术。     

Expression,Purification and Bioactivities Analysis of Recombinant Active Peptide from Shark Liver

The Active Peptide from Shark Liver (APSL) was expressed in E. coli BL21 cells. The cDNA encoding APSL protein was obtained from shark regenerated hepatic tissue by RT-PCR, then it was cloned in the pET-28a expression vector. The expressed fusion protein was purified by Ni-IDA affinity chromatography. SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis showed the purity of the purified fusion protein was more than 98%. The recombinant APSL (rAPSL) was tested for its biological activity both in vitro, by its ability to improve the proliferation of SMMC7721 cells, and in vivo, by its significant protective effects against acute hepatic injury induced by CCl₄ and AAP (acetaminophen) in mice. In addition, the rAPSL could decrease the blood glucose concentration of mice with diabetes mellitus induced by alloxan. Paraffin sections of mouse pancreas tissues showed that rAPSL (3 mg/kg) could effectively protect mouse islets from lesions induced by alloxan, which indicated its potential application in theoretical research and industry.     

In Vitro Functional Study of Rice Adenosine 5'-Phosphosulfate Kinase

Sulfate can be activated by ATP sulfurylase and adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate kinase(APSK) in vivo. Recent studies suggested that APSK in Arabidopsis thaliana regulated the partition between APS reduction and phosphorylation and its activity can be modulated by cellular redox status. In order to study regulation of APSK in rice(Os APSK), Os APSK1 gene was cloned and its activity was analyzed. Os APSK1 C36 and C69 were found to be the conserved counterparts of C86 and C119, which involved in disulfide formation in At APSK. C36A/C69 A Os APSK1 double mutation was made by site directed mutagenesis. Os APSK1 and its mutant were prokaryotically over-expressed and purified, and then assayed for APS phosphorylation activity. Os APSK1 activity was depressed by oxidized glutathione, while the activity of its mutant was not. Further studies in the case that oxidative stress will fluctuate in vivo 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate content, and all APSK isoenzymes have similar regulation patterns are necessary to be performed.     

The effect of cutting on the proportions of perennial ryegrass and white clover in mixtures

In two experiments with ryegrass/white clover mixtures, the proportion of clover was measured before and after cuts which removed 8-75% of above-ground biomass. Cutting was found to reduce the proportion of clover leaf area in the crop in both experiments, sometimes by as much as two-thirds, and the proportion of clover dry weight, by up to half, in one of them. That is, the harvested material contained a greater proportion of clover than did the sward before the cut. This disproportionate removal of clover was due to clover having a greater proportion of its leaf near the top of the canopy than grass. It showed that preferential removal of clover occurs as a result of the purely passive selection by a mower, not only as a result of grazing by animals which may be capable of active as well as passive selection.
Despite the disadvantage to clover of losing more of its leaf area than grass, and in some cases more of its dry weight also, when the mixture was cut, the clover content of the sward did not decrease during the growing season as a whole. This was because, where no nitrogen fertilizer was applied, clover had a greater relative growth rate (RGR) than its companion grass during the growth periods between cuts and this increased its percentage of the mixture. Even where nitrogen was applied, clover equalled the RGR of grass and maintained its proportion of the crop, except in one instance.     

热带花卉植物半支莲(Portulaca grandiflora Hook.)观赏性状的化学调控研究

为了解决热带花卉植物半支莲(Portulaca grandiflora Hook.)茎干生长过长又肉质柔软而影响观赏期这一缺陷,培育出优良的半支莲盆花,以半支莲盆花为材料,选用不同浓度的植物生长调节剂氯化氯胆碱、PP333和S-3307D的单剂和复配剂,对其观赏性状进行化学调控。结果表明,对半支莲盆花地上部喷施50%氯化氯胆碱400倍液+5%S-3307D800倍液和50%氯化氯胆碱200倍液+5%S-3307D400倍液2种复配剂,在20d时测定,盆花的主茎生长速率显著小于对照和其他处理,第1种复配剂的花朵数增长率和花蕾数增长率显著大于对照和其他所有处理;40d时测定,此2种复配剂的主茎生长速率仍显著小于对照和其他处理,但第1种复配剂的花朵数增长率和花蕾数增长率仍显著大于对照和其他所有处理,其观赏性状的调控效果显著优于对照和其他处理。且50%氯化氯胆碱400倍液+5%S-3307D800倍液的配伍显著优于氯化氯胆碱和S-3307D各自单剂的调控效果,2种药品此浓度的配伍具有显著的协同调控作用。氯化氯胆碱和S-3307D原料来源较丰富,价格便宜,剂型较稳定,是具有较好开发前景的半支莲盆花观赏性状的化学调控剂。     

粳型水稻显性半矮秆突变体的发现与初步研究

 在中粳杂交组合“M9056 × R8018选”的F6 选种圃中，发现半矮秆突变单株。以纯合半矮秆单株为父、母本， 与稳定野生型高秆单株进行正、反杂交。种植 P1 、P2 、F1、F2 世代群体。结果表明F1 植株与半矮秆亲本基本相同， 仍然表现半矮秆。 说明该半矮秆突变材料的矮生性表达为显性， 无细胞质效应。F2 群体植株株高性状发生分离，其分离比符合一对等位基因的遗传模式，说明该半矮秆材料的矮生性表达受一对核基因控制。     

花生新品种中花4号的性状表现及其抗性遗传背景分析

花生新品种中花４号的全国区试及大面积示范结果表明：该品种具有较大的增产潜力，旱地亩产２５０公斤左右，水田覆膜３２０公斤以上，最高达４６１公斤，经稳产性测定，回归系数（ｂ）接近１．稳产性能好，适应性广，蛋白质含量３０％以上，油分含量５１％左右；中抗花生锈病和青枯病．适于我国江淮流域及南方花生产区种植，目前累计推广面积已达２３０余万亩．     

基于ITS2条形码的南药巴戟天真伪鉴别

本研究旨在建立基于ITS2条形码的巴戟天及其混伪品的真伪鉴别方法。采用试剂盒提取巴戟天植物样品的总DNA,以一对通用引物对其ITS2条形码进行PCR扩增并测序;从Genbank数据库获取巴戟天及其混伪品ITS2序列。采用DNAMAN、ClustalX软件拼接比对序列,以及利用MEGA5.1软件构建NJ树。获得的22条ITS2序列的长度范围为224~244 bp,GC含量范围为59.8%~70.1%。巴戟天与8种混伪品的ITS2序列存在155处变异,种间K2P遗传距离远大于种内K2P遗传距离。基于ITS2条形码的NJ聚类树能直观地区分巴戟天及其混伪品。因此,ITS2条形码适用于南药巴戟天及其混伪品的鉴别,可为其基原研究提供重要的分子鉴定证据。     

‘云香’水仙NtNAC1基因的克隆及功能分析

本研究利用RT-PCR技术从‘云香’水仙的根中克隆得到了NtNAC1基因,并通过qRT-PCR技术分析了该基因的时空表达模式以及在逆境和逆境相关激素处理下的表达变化,结合分析过表达该基因的转基因烟草植株的表现等解析了该基因的功能。结果显示:NtNAC1基因全长1083 bp,其ORF为918 bp,编码306个氨基酸,N端含有NAM保守结构域,聚分在SNAC1亚组,与香蕉MusaSNAC1、小麦TaNAC47亲缘关系较近。实时荧光定量分析显示,NtNAC1的表达水平随花器官花瓣和副冠的发育呈先上升后下降趋势,始花期达到峰值;NtNAC1在根和叶中高表达,受ABA、MeJA、SA、H_2O_2、NaCl、PEG诱导上调,推测该基因可能参与‘云香’水仙花器官的形态建成及响应非生物胁迫。进一步构建表达载体转化烟草,获得9株转基因植株。在高盐和干旱胁迫处理下,转基因植株根系发达、长势更好、存活率高,表明水仙NtNAC1过表达能提高烟草对高盐、干旱的耐受性,在抗逆中起正向调控作用,可作为提高水仙抗性的优良遗传基因资源。     

龙眼胚性愈伤组织miR398a前体的克隆及其在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达分析

为了解miR398a在龙眼体胚发生中的调控机制,以龙眼胚性愈伤组织为材料,采用RT-PCR法克隆miR398a前体序列,最终成功克隆了长83 bp的龙眼miR398a前体序列(GenBank登录号:FJ973472);该前体与其它物种的miR398前体序列具有较高的同源性,并包含miR398a的成熟序列;利用qPCR技术研究该基因在龙眼体胚发生发育过程中的表达情况,定量分析结果表明,随着龙眼体胚的发育,pre-miR398a在不同胚性培养物中的转录水平存在显著差异:在不完全胚性紧实结构表达量最高,球形胚阶段次之,随后是胚性紧实球形结构、胚性愈伤组织II及松散型胚性愈伤组织,在心形胚、鱼雷形胚阶段和子叶形胚阶段表达量较低。说明pre-miR398a在龙眼体胚发生过程中的表达具有组织特异性和一定的时序性。     

Antioxidant properties of polysaccharide from the brown seaweed Sargassum graminifolium (Turn.), and its effects on calcium oxalate crystallization

We investigated the effects of polysaccharides from the brown seaweed Sargassum graminifolium (Turn.) (SGP) on calcium oxalate crystallization, and determined its antioxidant activities. To examine the effects of SGP on calcium oxalate crystallization, we monitored nucleation and aggregation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals, using trisodium citrate as a positive control. We assessed antioxidant activities of SGP by determining its reducing power, its ability to scavenge superoxide radicals, and its activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The nucleation inhibition ratio of trisodium citrate and SGP was 58.5 and 69.2%, respectively, and crystal aggregation was inhibited by 71.4 and 76.8%, respectively. Increasing concentrations of SGP resulted in increased scavenging of superoxide anions and DPPH radicals (IC₅₀ = 1.9 and 0.6 mg/mL, respectively). These results suggest that SGP could be a candidate for treating urinary stones because of its ability to inhibit calcium oxalate crystallization and its antioxidant properties.