内外净驱杀绵羊寄生虫试验

内外净(复方阿维菌素乳剂,Compoud Avermectin Emulsion),主要驱虫活性物质为阿维菌素B1及丙硫苯咪唑,因而它既有阿维菌素独特的驱虫功效,又有丙硫苯咪唑的驱治寄生虫的效力.阿维菌素能增加虫体递质γ-氨基丁酸的释放并加强γ-氨基丁酸受体的结合,导致氯离子通道开放,使细胞功能下降,最终使寄生虫麻痹死亡.     

四种驱虫药驱除绵、山羊寄生线虫比较试验

消化道线虫病对养羊业危害性历来十分严重，由于目前缺乏有效的预防措施，药物驱虫仍是防治这类寄生虫病的重要手段。10多年来，丙硫咪唑和左旋咪唑是治羊消化道线虫的首选常用药，由于长期单一使用，某些地区已发现消化道线虫分别对这两种药物具一定程度的抗药性。据报道丙硫咪唑还有致畸作用。为此我们研制了抗蠕虫的新药片剂：埃维菌素片，     

“内外净”驱除猪体内寄生虫试验

“内外净”一是种广谱、高效、低毒的新型驱虫剂，对畜禽体内多种寄生虫幼虫、成虫均有杀灭或驱除作用，从１９９３年３月￣１９９４年５月，１年多的时间里，我们选取了３１０头自然感染蛔虫、结节点、鞭虫等体内寄生虫严重的猪进行了临床疗效试验，结果表明：０．１ｍｌ／ｋｇ体和一对猪蛔虫具有良好的驱除作用，Ｅ．Ｐ．Ｇ（粪便虫卵数／ｇ）减少率１００％，结节点Ｅ．Ｐ．Ｇ．减少率４０％，鞭虫Ｅ．Ｐ．Ｇ．减少率３３．３％．     

灭虫丁与丙硫苯咪唑驱除山羊胃肠道线虫对比试验

灭虫丁对牛羊寄生线虫有良好的驱虫作用，目前国内广泛应用的驱虫药丙硫苯咪唑也被公认为良好的驱除家畜寄生线虫的药物，为了便于使用者择优选用，我们进行了两种药物驱除羊寄生线虫的比较试验。     

杀虫净驱杀牦牛和绵羊内外寄生虫的试验研究

用我们研制的复合杀虫剂－杀虫净片在阿坝州进行牦牛和绵羊驱杀内外寄生虫试验。结果是剂量和高剂量一次口服,对肝片形吸虫,莫尼茨绦虫,消化道线虫,牛皮蝇蚴,牛毛虱的驱杀率可达１００％,牦牛用３倍中剂量,绵羊用４倍中剂量均无任何副反应。     

"三安百虫净"对山羊体内外寄生虫的驱治试验

用三安百虫净对寄生于山羊体内外的寄生虫进行驱治试验，认为三安百虫净0．1g／kg体重给山羊口服，具有疗效高、驱虫谱广、价格低廉的优点。     

Anthelmintic resistance in non-strongylid parasites of horses

Since 2002, selected populations of Parascaris equorum in several countries have been reported to survive treatment with macrocyclic lactone (M/L) anthelmintics. Clinical treatment failures are characterized by negligible fecal egg count reduction, but M/L resistance has been confirmed in ascarids by controlled efficacy testing. Resistance was selected by current parasite control practices for foals, which often include exclusive and excessively frequent use of M/L dewormers, thereby minimizing refugia within the host and in the environment. Chemical control of M/L-resistant isolates can be accomplished with pyrimidine and/or benzimidazole anthelmintics, but a few M/L-resistant populations have recently exhibited resistance to pyrantel pamoate as well. Some specimens of Oxyuris equi regularly survive treatment with macrocyclic lactones, but it is uncertain whether this constitutes resistance or merely confirms the incomplete oxyuricidal efficacy of virtually all broad spectrum equine anthelmintics. Variations in other biological parameters of Oxyuris and Parascaris, specifically atypical infection of older hosts and shorter prepatent periods, have been reported anecdotally. These changes may represent genetic modifications that have evolved in parallel with resistance as a result of anthelmintic selection pressure.     

洛美沙星透皮吸收搽剂的稳定性研究

建立了兽医诱皮吸收新型制剂洛美沙星搽剂中洛美沙星高效液相色谱测定法。用初均速法探讨其热稳定性，用强光照射试验探讨其光稳定性。结果表明，洛美沙星剂热降解活化能（E）=103.20KJ/mol，室温（25℃）贮存有效期为675d；洛美沙星搽剂的光稳定性较差；高效液相色谱法简便、灵敏、准确。     

The effect of long-term feeding of fresh and ensiled cassava (Manihot esculenta) foliage on gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats

The benefit of long-term feeding of fresh or ensiled cassava foliage on gastrointestinal parasite in goats was evaluated. Eighteen male goats (15.15 ± 2.83kg and between 4–6months) were randomly allocated into three treatments supplemented with 200g of wheat bran head⁻¹ day⁻¹. All groups were fed ad-libitum on either grass (CO), fresh cassava (CaF) or ensiled cassava foliage (CaS). At the beginning of the trial, each goat was inoculated with 3000 L3 containing ≈50% Haemonchus contortus. Individual LWt, FEC and PCV were measured at weekly intervals for 10weeks. At the termination of the experiment all goats were slaughtered for worm recovery and enumeration. The goats in CaF and CaS had similar weight gains while those in CO lost weight (p < 0.05) through the trial. FEC in CaF and CaS were lower (p < 0.05) than CO during the patency of parasite infections, but there was no difference between CaF and CaS goats. PCV of all groups decreased from above 30% to around 25% at the end of the trial. The compositions of established worm burdens were mainly H. contortus (19–40%) and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (55–76%). TWB did not differ among the groups, however, CaS significantly reduced H. contortus burdens, as compared to CaF and CO (p ≤ 0.005). Thus, ensiled cassava foliage reduced the H. contortus population while the fresh foliage only reduced worm fecundity.     

Anthelmintic resistance amongst sheep and goats in Kenya

Faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) and larval cultures were used to assess the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance amongst sheep and goats on farms served by Kenya's five regional Veterinary Investigation Laboratories. Twenty-four out of 42 farms tested (57%) showed resistance to at least one anthelmintic group. Resistance to levamisole was found in nine out of 35 sheep farms tested (26%) and 12 out of 24 goat farms (50%). Resistance to benzimidazole drugs was found in 10 out of 28 sheep farms (36%) and six out of 20 goat farms (30%). Larval cultures of post-treatment faecal samples showed resistance to be predominantly due to Haemonchus contortus. Twelve farms were routinely using substandard products which appeared to have no anthelmintic activity.     

羊布氏菌病iiELISA抗体检测方法的建立及应用

建立了以布鲁氏菌脂多糖(LPS)为抗原,用于检测羊布鲁氏菌IgG抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附试验(iELISA)方法,并对该方法的敏感性、特异性、重复性、稳定性、符合率进行了评价.结果表明,iELISA比SAT和RBPT的敏感性高60 ～ 150倍;该方法特异性强,可有效区分布鲁氏菌与大肠杆菌O157和都柏林沙门氏菌的IgG抗体,但尚无法与小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌O9的IgG抗体相区分;批间重复性试验和批内重复性试验变异系数分别为1.1％～9.8％,2.9％ ～9.8％,表明该方法具有良好的可重复性;保存期试验显示包被好的酶标板在4℃保存11个月,检测结果稳定.iELISA和RBPT检测385份来自不同地区的血清结果表明,阳性符合率为95.14％,阴性符合率为96.28％,对1932份临床血清样本的检测结果与RBPT比较,总符合率为91.7％,证明此方法可以应用于临床羊布鲁氏菌病的筛查.     

灌丛草地山羊放牧利用研究进展

综述了有关灌丛草地山羊放牧利用的研究现状,并提出了今后的研究方向.     

两种山羊及杂交代血液生化遗传标记研究(Ⅰ)

用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板电泳法,研究安哥拉山羊、山谷型藏山羊及杂种Ｆ１、Ｆ２血液中Ｈｂ、Ａｌｂ、Ｔｆ、ＡＫＰ、ＥＳ、ＬＤＨ、Ａｍ等基因座表明,血液Ｈｂ、Ａｌｂ、ＬＤＨ、Ａｍ呈单态;血液Ｔｆ、ＡＫＰ、ＥＳ等基因座呈多态。Ｔｆ基因座有三种基因型（ＡＡ、ＡＢ、ＢＢ）由Ａ基因和Ｂ基因控制。ＡＫＰ有两种基因型（ＡＫＰＦ、ＡＫＰＯ）。ＥＳ酶带类型复杂,可分为三区：ＥＳⅠ呈红色、ＥＳⅡ呈褐色、ＥＳⅢ呈紫褐色。运用血液Ｈｂ、Ｔｆ、ＡＫＰ、Ａｌｂ、Ａｍ的基因频率计算基因杂合度表明,安哥拉山羊的杂合度最小,Ｆ１代的杂合度最大。分析群体间遗传相似系数与级进杂交的变化一致;分析基因型分布差异表明亲本品种差异最大,安哥拉山羊与Ｆ１、Ｆ２间,Ｆ１和Ｆ２间差异较小。     

波尔山羊同期发情影响因素的研究

研究结果表明,FSH对供体发情有显著的促进作用(P＜0.05),经FSH处理后,供体发情高峰期(51.11%～61.11%)的时间比受体早12h.同期发情方法对受体发情情况有显著的影响(P＜0.05),经CIDR法同期发情的受体的发情高峰期(58.94%)比PG法早24h(P＜0.01).     

乐都山羊红细胞钾型的研究

采用火焰光度法对７５只乐都山羊的红细胞钾型进行了调查研究。结果发现：①按红细胞钾浓度，乐都山羊有高钾和低钾两种表型，以高钾为优势表型（８８％）；②高钾型山羊的红细胞钾浓度在４３．５９￣８１．３０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间，低钾型的在９．３７￣２１．２１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间；③Ｋ＾ｈ和Ｋ＾Ｌ等位基因频率分别为０．９３８７和０．０６１９，基因杂合度为０．１１６１。