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1.
Yu Bingjun 《林业研究》1994,5(1):1-9
On the basis of the results from the geographic provenance test of nine years oldlarix olgensis in Liangshui Natural Reserve of our university, a study on the geographic varition and the primary selection of the best
provenance ofLarix olgensis was carried out. The main results are as follows: I.The different provenances ofLarix olgensis have rich and wide genetic variation, and exist a linear correlation with latitude and longitude in collection area. General
trends are enumerated below: Provenances at lower latitude and more west longitude have lighter thousand seed weight, short
growth period, higher increment, wide branches, rich leaves and crown as well as worst adaptabillity. It is a dual-way variation
along with two directions of latitude and longitude, and also embodies a change gradually in climate condition from south
to north. The temperatures in seed production site, especially the mean temperature in January and ≥10 °C accumulated temperature,
are important factors that produce geographic variation forlarix olgensis. 2. The variation of different provenances in periodic biological phenomena and growth rhythm trends are that: 1 both of the
provenances from Changbai Mt. (III) and Dashitou(IV) at low latitude belong to the centralized growth type, and have shout
growth period, the difference between these two provenances is that the provenance from Changbai Mt. grows well in all time,
Dashitou provennce is well only in later period; 2 the provenance from Baidao Mt. (II) at middle latitude belongs to even
growth type and has longer grpwth period, this provenance has higher increment in early and later periods relatively; 3 Xiaobeihu
provenance at high latitude is a growth type among II. III and IV provenances and has a general growth period, the provenance
grows better in middle time and worse in later time. 3. The best provenance in Liangshui Natural Reserve and its meighbourhood
is Dashitou Procenance, which growth in height, diameter and volume has exceeded 16. 28%, 46. 27%, 30. 58%, 78. 20, 82. 00%
as well as 392. 00% by comparison with the mean value of the contrast and the worst provenance respectively, The result from
the height growth of three, five, seven and nine years oldLarix olgensis by using the method of order correlation analysis demonstrates that it is possible to make early selection of the provenance.
Meanwhile, data from juvenile and mature oflarix olgensis plantation also prove the reliability of the early selection. 4. The provenance heritabilities of nine years oldlarix olgensis in Liangshui Natural Reserve are follows: The heritability of the height growth (h2) is 0.79; The heritability of the diameter breast height (h2) is 0.791; The geretic gain is 24.5% and 40.36% respectively. 相似文献
2.
Li Pengfei Zhang Ximing Hui Enxian Liu Zhifang Ge Yuxiang Wang Jun Wang Daojun Wu Changyou 《林业研究》1998,9(4):264-268
The spatial distribution pattern of needle bright disease was mathematically studied. The results showed that it is tally
with negative binomial distribution. The infected area and damaged amount can be forecasted with this spatial distribution
pattern. Through the study on probability distribution of spatial points for single tree, the method and equations for calculation
of the disease index of whole forest belt were determined.
(Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai) 相似文献
3.
The biomass and net primary production of Mongolian scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L. var.mongolica) plantations of west Kerqin sandy land were measured. According to average standard trees, the biomass, net primary production
and their distributions of trunk, bark, branch, leaf and root of 16-year-old stand were analyzed. The regressive equation
for the estimation of each organ biomass was established through dimensional analysis. Preferable equation with higher precision
was selected. The study results showed that the total biomass of the forest community was 62.023 t/hm2 and net primary production was 5.045 t/(hm2·a), which indicates that the community of plantation possesses high bio-productivity.
(Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai) 相似文献
4.
Fixed quadrates were established in different stands. In continued six years, the occurring period, occurring amounts and
the relation between epidemic disease and environmental factors were investigated according to spraying laws of spores and
accounting measures of disease ranking. The occuring peak period of the disease was from the last ten days of May to the second
ten days of June. The epidemic period was from the last ten days of June to the second ten days of July and the initial decease
period was from the last ten days of July to the beginning of September. The change of the disease depended on air temperature,
relative humidity and precipitation. A multiple linear regression model was established using computer, which can predict
the disease index(Y) of 10 days later, with more than 95% reliability
(Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai) 相似文献
5.
Changbai pine (Pinus sylvestris var.Sylvestriformis) is an endemic and important tree species in Changbai Mountain. There were only 63 plant species in Changbai pine plantation,
where hemicryptophyte was dominant(39.68%). Simpson diversity index was 0.87, Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.96, and
evenness index was 0.82. Community structure were divided into three layers: tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The total
biomass and net production were 111.982 t/hm2 and 8942.80 kg/(hm2 a) respectively. The total biomass for tree, shrub and herb layers were 106.150, 2.230, 2.264 t/hm2, accounting for 94.79%, 1.99%, and 2.02%, respectively, and net production for those were 7465, 223, and 1182 kg/(hm2 a), accounting for 83.47%, 2.49%, and 13.22% of the total respectively. The nutrient content in various organs is in the
order of needle> branch> root> bark> trunk, For the assimilated organ, the nutrient content is in the order of N> K> Ca> P>
Mg, and that in absorption organ is in the order of Ca> N> K> P> Mg. For the whole plantation ecosystem, nutrient content
is in the order of soil> litter> herb layer> shrub layer> tree layer. Nutrient storage and its accumulation rate in tree layer
take up 88.79% and 76.43% of the total, respectively.
The project is funded by the Opened Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
6.
Qiong Zhao Xingyu Liu Dehui Zeng Jinhuan Liu Yalin Hu 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(1):85-89
In order to find out the best foliar diagnostic index of phosphorus (P) nutrition in Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) in the southeastern Keerqin Sandy Lands, the concentrations of total nitrogen (N), inorganic P, organic P and total P in
needles of different ages and soil available P were examined. The results show that in the study area, soil available P was
rather low (0.12–0.63 mg/kg) and was significantly correlated with inorganic P (cPi) and total P (cPt) concentrations in current
year needles of Mongolian pine. The significant correlation between soil available P and needle cPt derived from the significant
correlation between cPi and cPt. Compared with cPt, cPi did reflect the level of soil P supply more accurately and more directly.
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Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(3): 494–498 [译自: 应用生态学报] 相似文献
7.
Effects of drought stresses induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) (0.0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, with four replicates)
on germination of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) seeds produced in plantations (southern Keerqin sandy land) and natural forests (Hulunbeier sandy plain) were observed.
The results indicated that the seeds from both provenances did not germinate when PEG concentration was more than 25%. The
time of initial germination and that of its completion of stressed seeds from both provenances were delayed when compared
with the unstressed seeds. The germination capacity and germination rate of natural seeds were significantly higher than those
of plantation seeds for all treatment levels (P < 0.05). The mean growth rates of radicle and hypocotyl from natural seeds were significantly higher than those from plantation
seeds at all treatment levels below 20% PEG treatment (P < 0.05). The ratios of radicle to hypocotyl of 20% PEG treatment were significant higher than those of the corresponding
controls for both provenances (P < 0.05). These results suggested that Mongolian pine seeds/seedlings had stronger resistance to PEG drought stresses; 10%
PGE stress did not significantly influence germination. Natural seeds exhibited more resistance to PEG stress than plantation
seeds. It was concluded that drought stress on seed germination might be one cause of obstructed natural regeneration of Mongolian
pine plantations on sandy land. It is recommended that natural seeds be used for afforestation, and light drought stress (e.g.,
10% PEG stress) may be useful in improving seed germination and the growth of radicles and hypocotyls. 相似文献
8.
Comparative study on drought resistance ofLarix olgensis Henry andPinus sylvestris var.mongolica (I)
Water potential (ϕ w) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) ofLarix olgensis andPinus. sylvestris var.mongolica decreased with the decrease of soil water content. ϕ w and Pn ofL. olgensis changed hardly during the first 9 days after stopping watering, then decreased sharply at the 10th day Pn ofP. sylvestris varmongolica decreased slightly during the first 8 days, then decreased sharply at the 9th day. Their respiration rate, chlorophyll content
and their a/b ratio changed hardly. The following 3 conclusions were obtained and discussed exhaustively. (1) ϕ w can be used
to direct watering as a sensitive index of judging whetherL. olgensis andP. sylvestris var.mongolica lacking water. (2) The decrease of Pn ofL. olgensis andP. sylvestris var.mongolica when drought had nothing to do with chlorophyll. (3)P. sylvestris var.mongolica had morphological drought resistance, while Lolgensis had physiological drought resistance, and their drought resistance was discussed comparatively first time. 相似文献
9.
在江苏3个试验点连续9年(1981~1989)对美国39个湿地松种源(包括2个不同树种)研究表明:不同种原、树种间生长、形态性状变异显著.但变异与种源产地地理、气候因子相关不显著而与造林地的土壤条件密切相关.变异主要来源于林分和单株.7年生时优良种源高、径生长量遗传增益为19.14~85.38%.初选优良种源4个(S_(14)、S_(11)、S_(17)、S_1).分布于佛罗里达州北部、德克萨斯州东部和北卡州南部. 相似文献
10.
Comparison of stand structure and growth between artificial and natural forests of Pinus sylvestiris var, mongolica on sandy land 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ZHUJiao-jun FANZhi-ping ZENGDe-hui JIANGFeng-qi MATSUZAKITakeshi 《林业研究》2003,14(2):103-111
Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestiris Linnaeus var. mongolica Litvinov) as a valuable conifer tree species has been broadly introduced to the sandy land areas in “Three North” regions (North, northwest and northeast of China), but many prob-lems occurred in the earliest Mongolian pine plantations in 7hanggutai, 7hangwu County, Liaoning Province (ZZL). In order to clarify the reason, comprehensive investigations were carried out on differences in structure characteristics, growth processes and ecological factors between artificial stands (the first plantation established in ZZL in 1950s) and natural stands (the origin forests of the tree species in Honghuaerji, Inner Mongolia) on sandy land. The results showed that variation of diameter-class distributions in artificial stands and natural stands could be described by Weibull and Normal distribution models, respectively.Chapman-Richards growth model was employed to reconstruct the growth process of Mongolian pine based on the data from field investigation and stem analysis. The ages of maximum of relative growth rate and average growth rate of DBH, height, and volume of planted trees were 11,22 years, 8, 15 years and 35, 59 years earlier than those of natural stand trees, respectively. In respect of the incremental acceleration of volume, the artificial and natural stands reached their maximum values at 14 years and 33 years respectively. The quantitative maturity ages of artificial stands and natural stands were 43 years and 102 years respectively. It was concluded that the life span of the Mongolian pine trees in natural stands was about 60 years longer than those in artificial stands. The differences mentioned above between artificial and natural Mongolian pine forests on sandy land were partially attributed to the drastic variations of ecological conditions such as latitude, temperature, precipitation, evaporation and height above sea level. Human beings‘‘ disturbances and higher density in plantation forest may be ascribed as additional reasons. Those results may be potentially useful for the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas. 相似文献
11.
ZHU Jiao-jun TAN Hui KANG Hong-zhang XU Mei-ling 《林业研究》2006,17(3):177-184
In order to examine the causes of degradation of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations on sandy land, the foliar concentrations of N, P, K and C were analyzed and compared between the field grown P. sylvestris var. mongolica trees from two provenances (natural forests and plantations). The results indicated that natural tree needles had lower N, P and C concentrations, and higher K concentrations than those of plantation tree needles. For plantation tree needles, ratios of N: P, P. K and N: K increased with tree age before 45 years old; but they were not clear for the natural tree needles. Compared with the conclusions reported on Pinus spp., we found that the foliar N and P concentrations were in the optimal range for both natural and plantation tree needles. This result suggested that N or P might not be the absolute limit factors in plant nutrient for P sylvestris var. mongolica on sandy land. However, foliar K concentrations in both natural and plantation tree needles were much lower than those reported on Pinus spp. (〉4.80 g kg-1).The N: P ratio of natural needles was in the adequate ranges, but N: P ratio of plantation needles was out of the adequate ranges. These results indicated that there was a better balanced nutrition status in the natural forest than in the plantations. If only considering the foliar nutrient concentrations of P sylvestris var. mongolica from different provenances, it might be concluded that the degradation phenomenon of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations was not induced by nutrition deficiency of absolute nutrients of N and P, but might be induced by other mineral nutrients or by the effectiveness of N and P nutrients. The unbalanced nutrition status and relatively quick decomposition of needles in the plantations might also contribute to the degradation. 相似文献
12.
INTRODUCTIoNPinussylveslrisvar.mongolic(lLitv.isoneofthemostimportantcommercialco-nifertrees,withsofttimber,straightgrainandhighercraftvalue,iswidelywidelyusedandpaidattentiontoinalltradesandprofessions.TheintroductionareaofthissPecieshasreachednortheast,northwestandnorthChinaandhasbecamemainspeciesforcheckingwindandcontrollingsand,turningthepfoursidesygreen,andornamentingforcourtyard.ThegeographicdistributionofPinussylvestrlkvar.mongolicais:thepurestandfromQiqian,Mangui,Huzhoug,Xinlint… 相似文献
13.
This paper studied that the significant difference exists among the ten provenances of 9-year-oldFraxinus mandshurica stand. The rule of geographic variation is that dual continuous changes with longitude and latitude, and the provenance in the
southwest range grows rapidly. There are positive significant correlation when the tree growth is influenced by ≥10°C accumulated
temperature, duration of sunshine and annual precipitation. So it is suggested that Lushuihe and Maoershan provenances should
be employed first in Maoershan Forest Farm and its neighborhoods.
(Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong) 相似文献
14.
几种修枝措施对沙地樟子松生长及结实的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过试验研究疏枝、截轮枝、截冠3种措施对樟子松种子园母树各种指标的影响,找出最利于樟子松生长的方法。结果表明:3种措施对樟子松的树木生长和开花结实都产生显著差异,经疏枝的单株,其高生长、径生长、冠幅、种子产量都大幅提高,说明疏枝对于樟子松的生长有较大的促进作用,特别是在种子产量上表现明显。 相似文献
15.
16.
Yang Chuanping Xia De''''an Xu Chuiqing Qi LizhiLiu Guifeng Weng Yuhui Sheng LiNortheast Forestry UniversityWei Fuyou Zhang ZhengsuWangqin Forestry Bureau Jilin Province 《林业研究》1993,4(1):22-30
In this paper,it is studied that the growth characters of the progeny of 16provenance of larix gmelinii within the all 13 experimental sites by means of the analysis of va-riance,provenance stability,productivity index,rank correlation,synthetic index selection andPCA.The provenances were divided into three patterns:The first type have low and steady prod-uctivity;The second type have high but unsteady productivity;The third type is between theproductivity of the first and second type.Through the analysis on the feasibility and the reliabili-ty of the provenance early selection,the best provenances which lie in the southeast of theXiaoxingan Mt.are regarded as the best and suitable for a large afforestation areas of Larixgmelinii.Then in the north of Xingan Mt.,the local or the northwest provenances of theXiaoxingan Mt.should be used.The genetic gain was calculated on the basis of the provenanceheritability and the utilization of the best provenance were evaluated in this paper. 相似文献
17.
ZHU Jiao-jun KANG Hong-zhang TAN Hui XU Mei-ling WANG Jun 《林业研究》2005,16(4):253-259
Natural regeneration in Mongolian pine, Pinus sylvesttis var. mongolica, forest at Honghuaerji of China (the original of the natural Mongolian pine, forest on sandy land) was studied in 2004. The total mean values of regeneration indexes were higher in mature stands (more than 80% individual stems were older than 50 years), the maximum of regeneration index reached 29 seedlings, m^ 2, with lowest values in the younger stand, e.g., in 32-year old and 43-year old stands. The stand age was an important factor determining the natural regeneration, which was the best in the older stands in this investigation (e.g. about 80-year old). The regeneration index seemed not to be closely in relation to canopy openness although Mongolian pine is a photophilic tree species. In each type of gaps, natural regeneration was very well. Regeneration indexes were satisfactory at the south and east edges in the circle gaps; and at the east edge of the narrow-square gaps. Results indicated that Mongolian pine, seedlings could endure shading understory, but it would not enter the canopy layer without gap or large disturbance, e.g., fire, wind/snow damage or clear cutting etc. These results may provide potentially references to the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine, plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas. Researches such as the comprehensive comparisons on regeneration, structure and ecological conditions and so on between natural Mongolian pine, forests and plantations should be conducted in the future. 相似文献
18.
19.
应用热扩散式树干茎流计(TDP)对辽宁省章古台樟子松人工固沙林生长季期间树干液流速率进行了连续5年的测定,结合同步观测的降水、林冠截留量、林内蒸发散量和土壤水分含量,利用水量平衡的方法,推算了现阶段樟子松应有的合理密度。结果表明:4月上中旬沙地樟子松液流启动,10月中下旬液流基本结束,生长季(4-10月)各月平均液流速率分别为2.58、4.78、5.19、5.01、4.84、4.30、1.93 cm·h-1,以6月份的最高,其次依次为7、8、5、9月份,4、10两月平均液流速率较低。通过推算,径阶14、16、18、20 cm的樟子松纯林的合理密度分别应为688、531、422、344株·hm-2,现有同径阶的林分普遍存在密度过大的问题。研究结果对于现有林分的科学经营具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献