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为了探明烟蚜体躯的酶活性分布特征,对烟蚜羧酸酯酶(CarE)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的体躯分布进行了研究。结果表明:成虫的头、胸、腹羧酸酯酶的活性分别为19.80%、40.14%和40.78%;3龄若蚜的头、胸、腹羧酸酯酶的活性分别为13.50%、44.50%和42.00%;4龄若蚜的羧酸酯酶的活性分别为17.51%、41.67%和40.82%。成虫、3龄若蚜和4龄若蚜均以头部的活性最低,并且均极显著低于胸部和腹部(p0.01)。成虫、3龄若蚜和4龄若蚜的头部乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性分别占总活性的32.09%、32.00%和32.05%,并且头部活性显著低于胸部和腹部的活性(p0.05)。 相似文献
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寄主植物对南美斑潜蝇羧酸酯酶及乙酰胆碱酯酶活力的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
比较了取食不同寄主植物的南美斑潜蝇后代羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活力,结果表明:寄主植物对南美斑潜蝇羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力影响显著,取食不同寄主植物的南美斑潜蝇后代羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力差异显著。 相似文献
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小菜蛾羧酸酯酶性质研究初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李海琴 《河北北方学院学报(自然科学版)》2008,24(4)
目的 研究小菜蛾羧酸酯酶的性质。方法 CarE活性测定是以α-NA或pNA为底物(含毒扁豆碱10^-5mol/L),在30℃下水浴反应15分钟,然后加入1ml显色液终止反应,分别在555nm和600nm处测定光密度值。结果 小菜蛾羧酸酯酶(CarE)性质研究表明:抗性种群和敏感品系成虫CarE活性均以2日龄为最高,4日龄时活性最低;武汉和张家口种群幼虫CarE对α-NA和β-NA的水解活性明显高于敏感品系,但是成虫CarE活性在三个种群间没有明显差异;张家口种群对α-NA和对β-NA的亲和力都明显低于其它田间抗性种群,武汉、宣化、北京三个种群对α-NA或对β-NA的亲和力近似。结论 本研究为小菜蛾的抗药性治理奠定了生物化学基础。 相似文献
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对久效磷抗性棉铃虫品系的选育及其乙酰胆碱酯酶的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用久效磷对采集于山东聊城抗性地区的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Huebner)进行抗性品系选育,经过10代的室内选育,抗性倍数达211.88倍,为选育前的6.67倍,发现筛选后对氰戊菊酯,氯氰菊酯和灭多威的抗生分别下降了8.13,7.44和13.36倍,对甲基对硫磷和辛硫酸的抗性基本保持不变,这说明久效磷与其他5种被试药剂之间没有明显的交互抗性,还对抗,感棉铃虫体内AChE进行了研究,对久效磷抑制粗酶液的实验表明,抗性品系锦铃虫体内AChE的交互抗笥,还原抗,感棉铃虫体内AChE进行研究,对久效磷抑制粗酶液的实验表明,抗性品系棉铃虫体内AChE的I50是敏感品系的3.18倍,酶液纯化使抗,感品系AChE的I50分别下降6.69和3.49倍,说明粗提液中存在AChE保护因子,且这种保护因子在抗性品系中更有效,但纯化后,抗,感品系的AChE敏感性之间仍存在1.66倍的差异,此外,两品系AChE的动力学参数也存在显差异,由此认为AChE敏感性降低与其它因子共同组成了棉铃虫对久效磷的抗性机制。 相似文献
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不同种群小菜蛾乙酰胆碱酯酶性质研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
小菜蛾乙酰胆碱酯酶的性质研究表明,小菜蛾各种群成虫与幼虫AChE活性相比,差异极显,成虫是幼虫的5~7倍;武汉种群小菜蛾成虫和幼虫AChE与底物的亲和力最小.小菜蛾谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的性质研究表明,宣化、武汉、云南3个田间种群GST活性较高,明显高于台湾敏感品系;北京种群GST活性较低,与台湾敏感品系近似。 相似文献
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[目的]研究了转双价基因棉SGK321对棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力的影响,为转基因棉的生物安全性评价提供理论依据。[方法]在SGK321及其亲本棉石远321上长期饲养棉蚜,研究2种棉花品种对棉蚜短期(第1、2、3代)和长期(第41、42、43代)的影响。[结果]在SGK321上取食1代的棉蚜种群羧酸酯酶比活力显著高于在亲本棉上取食1、2、3代的棉蚜种群,转双价基因棉SGK321上饲养1、2、3代的棉蚜乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力均显著高于在石远321上饲养相同代数的棉蚜。但长期饲养的2种棉蚜之间羧酸酯酶比活力、乙酰胆碱酯酶比活力无显著差异。[结论]长期取食转双价基因棉SGK321的棉蚜通过棉蚜解毒酶的调节作用对SGK321产生了适应性。 相似文献
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小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性风险评估及交互抗性的室内测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在室内用阿维菌素对小菜蛾进行抗性选育,结果表明:小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性发展先慢后快,经过20代14次选育,与敏感种群相比,抗性指数为20.92倍。应用域性状分析法,小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性现实遗传力为0.1303,在致死率为50%~99%的选择压力下,预计小菜蛾对阿维菌素抗性增长10倍,需要2.4~15.9代。这表明小菜蛾对阿维菌素产生高水平抗性的风险很大。交互抗性测定结果表明,阿维菌素抗性小菜蛾种群对甲维盐具有明显的交互抗性,抗性指数为8.85倍;对多杀菌素、茚虫威、氟虫腈和溴虫腈类药剂无交互抗性或交互抗性不明显。 相似文献
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Biochemical Mechanism of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance in the Diamondback Moth,Plutella xylostella Linnaeus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HU Zhen-di ;FENG Xia ;LIN Qing-sheng ;CHEN Huan-yu ;LI Zhen-yu ;YIN Fei ;LIANG Pei ;GAO Xi-wu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(11):2452-2459
The insecticide chlorantraniliprole exhibits good efifcacy and plays an important role in controlling the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus. However, resistance to chlorantraniliprole has been observed recently in some ifeld populations. At present study, diamondback moths with resistance to chlorantraniliprole (resistant ratio (RR) was 82.18) for biochemical assays were selected. The assays were performed to determine potential resistance mechanisms. The results showed that the selected resistant moths (GDLZ-R) and susceptible moth could be synergized by known metabolic inhibitors such as piperonyl butoxide (PBO), triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl-maleate (DEM) at different levels (1.68-5.50-fold and 2.20-2.89-fold, respectively), and DEM showed the maximum synergism in both strains. In enzymes assays, a high level of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) was observed in the resistant moth, in contrast, moths that are susceptible to the insecticide had only 1/3 the GST activity of the resistant moths. The analysis of short-term exposure of chlorantraniliprole on biochemical response in the resistant strain also showed that GST activity was signiifcantly elevated after exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of chlorantraniliprole (about 1/3 LC50, 12 mg L-1) 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the enzyme activity and resistance, and GST is likely the main detoxiifcation mechanism responsible for resistance to chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella L., cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) and carboxy-lesterase (CarE) are involved in to some extent. 相似文献
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在室内采用浸叶法测定湖南3个蔬菜产区(长沙市长沙县、株洲市茶陵县和永州市祁阳县)的田间小菜蛾对9种药剂的抗药性。试验结果表明,小菜蛾对高效氯氰菊酯抗性达到极高水,对定虫隆、阿维菌素和茚虫威抗性属于高抗水平,对溴虫腈,甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和多杀菌素属于中抗水平,对氯虫苯甲酰胺和苏云金杆菌相对敏感。因此,这3个地区的小菜蛾防治应该减少溴虫腈、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和多杀菌素的使用,交替使用氯虫苯甲酰胺和苏云金杆菌,停止阿维菌素、茚虫威、高效氯氟氰菊酯的使用,以便延缓抗药性的产生与发展。 相似文献
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With the bioguided fractionation of the ethanol extracts from the leaves of Momordica charantia, we obtained two most active compounds against the feeding of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella larvae. The antifeedant activity of momordicine Ⅰ and momordicine Ⅱ against the second and the third instar larvae of Plutella xylostella were tested using leaf discs of cabbage in the laboratory. The results showed that momordicin Ⅰ and momordiein Ⅱ had significant antifeedant activity on the larvae of P. Xylostella, and momordicin Ⅱ was more active than momordicin Ⅰ. The concentrations for 50% antifeedant effects (AFC50) of momordicin Ⅱ against the second and the third instar larvae of P. Xylostella were 76.69 and 116.24 μg mL-1, whereas that of momordicin Ⅰ was 144.08 and 168.42 μg mL-1, respectively. In addition, momordicin Ⅰ and momordicin Ⅱ had significant inhibitive effect on the rate of weight gain and survival of P. Xylostella larvae. 相似文献
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研究扁蓄(Polygonum aviculare L.)乙醇提取物对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)触杀、胃毒、拒食及抑制生长的影响,比较扁蓄不同部位的活性,并对提取溶剂进行选择。结果表明,扁蓄乙醇提取物对小菜蛾的主要作用方式为触杀。 相似文献