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植物花青素基因的克隆及应用——文献综述 总被引:36,自引:2,他引:34
评述了近十年来有关植物花青素的基因克隆研究进展及其应用前景。植物花青素代谢途径及其主要酶类的作用之研究已较为成熟,一大批调控植物花色的结构基因与调节基因已被克隆。利用外源基因导入、反义基因及共抑制原理已培育出了新色系观赏植物品种。用基因工程的方法培育蓝色月季的工作正在进行。利用结构基因和调节基因为创造新花色、植物体彩化、植物生长发育及研究植物的花青素代谢等开辟了广阔前景 相似文献
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月季RcHSP1718为编码小分子热激蛋白基因, Southern检测其在月季基因组中为多拷贝存在。38 ℃/3 h热激处理后, 该基因在耐热月季品种‘曼海姆宫殿’ ( Schloss Mannieim) 、‘彩虹’ (Radio) 、‘赌城’ (Las Vegas) 、‘梅郎随想曲’ (Caprice de Meiland) 、‘小女孩’ ( Girl) 中强表达, 而在不耐热品种‘新十全’ (Kordes’Perfecta) 、‘绯扇’ (Hiogi) 、‘莱茵黄金’ ( Pfalzer Gold) 中弱表达或不表达, 表明该基因与月季耐热性关系密切。为确定月季RcHSP1718基因功能, 将其转化E.coli BL21, 结果表明重组菌株能正常诱导表达包含RcHSP17.8的融合蛋白, 并因此提高了重组菌株对高温、低温、高盐、高pH、重金属、氧化等非生物胁迫的耐性, 表明RcHSP17.8参与了上述非生物胁迫的响应。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2017,(12)
【目的】探讨套袋对红肉猕猴桃果实生长发育过程中不同部位花色苷合成关键结构基因表达的影响,为解析光照对花色苷合成分子机制的影响提供依据。【方法】以全红型软枣猕猴桃‘天源红’为试材并对其进行套袋处理,在RNA-seq的基础上,筛选候选基因,利用实时荧光定量PCR对这些候选基因在‘天源红’盛花后7个时期的果肉样品中的表达量进行相对定量。根据荧光定量结果和聚类分析,最终确定关键候选基因,利用实时荧光定量PCR对关键候选基因在‘天源红’不同处理、不同时期、不同果实部位中的表达量进行相对定量分析,并对关键候选基因的表达量和花色苷含量进行相关性分析。【结果】12个候选基因在盛花后7个时期中的表达具有一定的规律,且各自的表达规律不尽相同。在果肉颜色明显变为红色的盛花后110 d,F3H、LDOX和F3GT的表达量较其他时期高。聚类分析结果显示,LDOX和F3GT分别聚为一类,且与其他的基因明显分开。LDOX在处理1和处理2的果肉以及处理3的果心中的表达量与花色苷含量呈极显著相关,而F3GT在处理1的果肉和处理3的果心中的表达量与花色苷含量呈极显著相关。【结论】LDOX和F3GT可能是‘天源红’果实花色苷生物合成途径中的关键结构基因。套袋抑制LDOX在‘天源红’外果皮、果肉中的表达,而一直套袋促进其在果心中的表达。套袋抑制了F3GT在果肉中的表达,而对果心中F3GT的表达无明显影响。 相似文献
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Xie Jirong Xiong Yunhai Liang Guolu Cheng Zaiquan Tang Kaixue Huang Xingqi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
To investigate the floral fragrance new genes, scent mutant of rose was used here. The suppressive subtraction hybridization (SSH) technique and micoarray analysis of the clones were used to isolate the cDNA fragments, which showed differential expression between the rose scent mutant ‘Wangriqinghuai’ and wild type ‘Jinyindao’ (Rosa × hybrida), and RT-PCR was used to identify up-regulated expressed genes. 16 positive contigs of JSSH were obtained. Some ESTs such as RcOMT1, RcOMT2, RhMYB92 and RhGP1 were known to regulate scent metabolism, and 5 ESTs with no homology in NCBI may represent new genes involved in rose flower fragrance metabolism. SSH technique combined with cDNA micoarray would be useful for analysis and isolation of the genes related to rose floral scent. 相似文献
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月季突变体抑制差减杂交cDNA文库构建及分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了分析月季花色花香突变机理和揭示花色花香代谢的相关基因, 利用抑制性消减杂交技术分离了月季红花无香突变体‘往日情怀’ (以下简称突变体) 与其野生型金黄色浓香品系‘金银岛’ (以下简称野生型) 之间表达差异cDNA片段。分别以突变体作为驱赶子, 野生型为检测子, 以及以野生型作为驱赶子, 突变体为检测子建立了两个差异表达cDNA文库WSSH和JSSH, 分别代表在突变体和野生型中特异表达的cDNA; 再经文库高密度点阵膜的杂交差示筛选分析, 在WSSH库中获得特异表达的27个阳性克隆, 在JSSH文库中得到25个阳性克隆。差异表达克隆测序后经BLAST比对分析发现WSSH文库中含有与红花突变体的花青素积累直接相关的CHS、DFR、细胞色素P450加单氧酶、乙二醛酶Ⅰ、己糖转移因子、MYB1 转录因子、S - 腺苷蛋氨酸转移酶、ADR等花色相关EST; JSSH文库中含有与野生型花香形成相关的月季甲基间苯二酚O - 甲基转移酶、转醛醇酶、Acyl-CoA 结合蛋白、钙调素结合蛋白、MYB92转录因子的EST以及导致芽变的Ty1-cop ia-like逆转座子。 相似文献
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Most of the Hybrid Tea roses that are sold as cut flowers are non-scented, despite the long-standing interest of the perfume industry to rose scent. In the absence of comprehensive knowledge on the genetic and biochemistry of volatile biosynthesis in roses, we decided to characterize a Hybrid Tea progeny obtained from parents that emit very different scents. First, we identified the 11 most abundant volatile compounds synthesized by the progeny, and a short review is given for each one that describes their occurrence in the genus Rosa, in the parents and the studied progeny. We have then used statistical analysis on the distribution of volatiles among individual progeny members to unveil the laws of segregation of the scent traits in this cross. As a general rule, the quantity and quality of volatile compounds was lower in the progeny members. Variations in scent quality were mostly linked to the quantity of monoterpenes that was present. Offsprings emitting a pleasant fragrance were, in practice, found to be rare. 相似文献
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Yoshikuni Kitamura Munetaka Hosokawa Tatsuya Uemachi Susumu Yazawa 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,122(4):603-609
The mechanism underlying the green colouration of floral organs in phytoplasma-infected hydrangeas was studied. Elucidation of morphological changes of floral organs induced by phytoplasma infection and a comparison of the expression level of genes related to floral organ morphogenesis between phytoplasma-infected and non-infected hydrangea plants was conducted. Sixteen hydrangea (Hydrangea spp.) cultivars were used to study structural changes in floral organs induced by Japanese Hydrangea Phyllody (JHP) phytoplasma infection. The homeotic conversion of sepals to leaves was observed in different number of florets between cultivars, and was observed in 75.8–100% of the decorative florets and 2.7–67.3% of the non-decorative florets of JHP phytoplasma-infected inflorescences. The homeotic conversion of carpels to leaves was observed in 1.2–17.9% of the decorative florets and 0.1–18.9% of the non-decorative florets of infected inflorescences. The expression levels of hydrangea orthologues of class A, B and C genes were suppressed in the infected inflorescences during the developmental stage in which no morphological differences in the internal structure of floral organs have been observed. The contribution of this suppression to homeotic conversion of sepals and carpels to leaves was suggested. 相似文献
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RGA克隆法是利用抗病基因产物的保守结构域人工设计简并引物,以植物gDNA或cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增而克隆植物抗病基因同源序列的方法。随着各种植物基因组测序计划的完成及计算机和生物信息学的发展,植物抗病基因的克隆取得了很大进展,目前人们已经从植物中克隆得到100多个抗病基因。研究表明,大多数抗病基因都存在NBS-LRR、STK、LZ、TIR等功能保守的结构域,其中大部分都为NBS-LRR类型,利用NBS-LRR保守结构域设计PCR引物已经从植物中扩增出大量的RGA。简要综述了已克隆NBS-LRR类抗病基因的结构特点和功能、RGA法克隆NBS-LRR类抗病基因同源序列及其在葫芦科作物上应用的研究进展,并探讨其未来的发展与应用。 相似文献