优质高产晚稻新品种皖粳97选育及其应用研究

皖粳97是安徽省农科院水稻研究所用本所选育的晚粳品系2277作母本 ,与浙江省嘉兴市农科院选育的晚粳品系丙814杂交选育而成的优质、高产晚稻新品种。2002年通过安徽省品种审定 ,定名皖稻64。该品种的育成 ,改变了长江中下游地区晚粳品种“优而不高 ,高而不早”的局面 ,是安徽省品种结构调优的首选品种之一。一、种植面积和产量表现1997年在安徽省农科院水稻所双晚品比试验中 ,折合单产9.3t/hm2 ,比对照鄂宜105增产24.3 %。1999～2000年参加安徽省双晚组区试 ,平均产量5.88t/hm2 ,比对照两系粳杂70优04减产4.95 % ,1999年比对照D9055增产3.6…     

水稻温敏核不育系韵2013S的选育与应用

水稻温敏核不育系韵2013S是用深08S与华占杂交,后代再与紫糯（紫色粳型糯稻）杂交选育而成,2018年通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定,同年获得植物新品种保护授权。该不育系株叶形态好、整精米率高、直链淀粉含量较低、配合力强,已配出23个杂交水稻组合通过国家或省级审定。     

长粒型杂交粳稻新组合嘉禾优555

嘉禾优555是嘉兴市农业科学研究院利用长粒型粳稻不育系嘉禾212A与嘉禾恢555配组育成的BT型三系中熟杂交粳稻新组合。该组合具有熟期早、穗大粒多、成熟度好、高产稳产、直链淀粉含量低、食味好等特点,适合浙江省晚粳地区作单晚或连晚种植,2012年2月通过浙江省品种审定。     

不同食味水稻品种稻米淀粉结构与理化特性及其对氮素响应的差异

【目的】淀粉是稻米的主要成分,其构成及理化特性基本决定了稻米食味表现。探讨优良食味稻米的淀粉构成特征,并解析结实期氮素水平的作用效应,对优良食味水稻品种的调优栽培具有重要意义。【方法】以稻米食味有明显差异的水稻品种金香玉1号、武育粳3号、武密粳和淮稻5号为试验材料,设置结实期不同氮素水平处理,分析稻米淀粉理化特性与食味品质的关系及其对氮素水平的响应。【结果】稻米的食味值表现为金香玉1号>武育粳3号>武密粳>淮稻5号,不同氮素水平下表现一致。优良食味稻米的直链淀粉和蛋白质含量均较低;淀粉RVA谱崩解值较高,消减值较低,淀粉易于糊化;溶解度、膨胀势和淀粉颗粒形态较优,淀粉相对结晶度较高;短支链淀粉占比较高。随着结实期氮素水平的提高,稻米的食味值显著下降,直链淀粉含量有所降低,蛋白质含量显著增加,胶稠度变短,最高黏度和崩解值下降,消减值上升;淀粉的颗粒形态劣化;淀粉的糊化焓、相对结晶度和支链淀粉分支中的B2、B3链含量上升,溶解度、膨胀势、A链和B1链含量下降。稻米理化特性和食味值对氮素的响应存在明显的品种间差异,优良食味品种的食味品质较为稳定,对氮素的敏感度小于普通食味稻...     

优质高产中熟晚粳稻新品种南粳50的选育及栽培技术

南粳50是以含低直链淀粉含量基因Wx-mq和条纹叶枯病抗性基因Stv-bi的日本优质粳稻关东194与江苏高产粳稻武粳13杂交,通过混合系谱法和分子标记辅助选择相结合的技术手段培育而成的优良食味、高产、多抗粳稻新品种。该品种株高适中,株型紧凑,长势较旺,分蘖力较强,穗型较大。650 kg/667 m2的产量结构为:有效穗数20万/667 m2,每穗总粒数140~150粒,结实率90%~95%,千粒重25 g左右。南粳50不仅抗稻瘟病、条纹叶枯病、纹枯病和白叶枯病,而且直链淀粉含量低,稻米食味品质优,适合于高档优质米开发。于2013年通过江苏省品种审定,适宜在江苏苏南地区种植。     

优质晚粳苏香粳2号的特征特性及保优栽培技术

苏香粳２号是江苏省太湖地区农科所采用“８８Ｂ２２５／Ｓ０１５”配组系统选育而成的中熟晚粳新品种。２０００年参加江苏省区试和苏州市优质稻品比 ,由于食味佳、外观好、稻谷和米饭均有清香味 ,２００１年破格参加江苏省生产试验 ,并参加国家区试。２００２年２月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、特征特性１ .食味好苏香粳２号适口性好 ,米饭柔软 ,不返生 ,有爆米花清香。１９９９年参加由江苏省农科院组织的优质米鉴评 ,在全省农科院系统提供的１２个优质新品种、品系中 ,适口性、总分均列第１位 ;１９９９、２０００年苏州、…     

盐碱地区水稻食味值及其与品质性状的关系

以辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所提供的65个水稻品系为试材,分析了这些水稻品系食味值的总体表现,及食味值与各品质性状的关系。结果表明,各参试品系品质普遍较好,但品系间各品质性状有一定差异;各参试品系食味值在60.44~84.00之间,品系间差异显著,并接近正态分布;食味值与垩白粒率、垩白度呈极显著正相关,与精米率、直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关,与长宽比呈显著负相关。因此,在品种选育过程中,应选择直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量相对较低,籽粒长宽比较小的品种,这样可以提高食味值。但是,食味值的提高会增加稻米的垩白粒率和垩白度。     

高产杂交晚粳稻新组合浙优12号选育与栽培技术

浙优12号系由浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所选育的杂交晚粳新组合,2008年通过浙江省品种审定委员会审定。在浙江省区试和试种示范中,浙优12号表现出高产稳产、适应性广的特点,适宜在浙江省晚稻稻区直播栽培。本文主要介绍了浙优12号的特征特性和高产栽培技术。     

光身稻软米品种越光518的选育与应用

越光518是由江苏（武进）水稻研究所与江苏越千凡农业科技发展有限公司联合育成的早熟晚粳稻新品种,是江苏第1个通过审定的光身稻优质软米品种。在江苏省沿江稻区和苏南地区试种,越光518表现出整个植株光滑少表皮毛、综合抗性强、外观品质优、食味性好等特点。文章总结了越光518的选育经过、主要特征特性及在长江中下游地区种植的优质高产栽培技术要点,以促进越光518在江苏省及周边地区的推广种植。     

长江下游地区部分优质粳稻品种与越光稻米支链淀粉结构特征及品质性状比较

为探讨具有优异食味品质的日本粳稻品种越光与中国长江下游地区食味品质好的水稻品种稻米的支链淀粉链长分布和主要品质特征差异,以期为中国优质水稻育种提供理论依据,选用长江下游地区公认的食味品质好的5个粳型水稻品种稻米和日本新泻地区生产的越光稻米为材料,分析支链淀粉链长分布、稻米RVA谱、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、TOYO味度值等主要品质特性的差异及其相关性。越光的稻米支链淀粉链长分布和直链淀粉含量等主要品质指标与长江下游地区食味品质好的品种没有明显差异,支链淀粉长链部分(Fb3)和蛋白质含量显著低于长江下游地区食味品质好的品种,支链淀粉短/长链比(Fa/Fb3)显著高于长江下游地区食味品质好的品种。越光稻米中Mg、K含量以及淀粉谱特性中最高黏度、崩解值均显著高于长江下游地区食味品质好的品种。支链淀粉的短链部分(5≤DP≤12)所占比率与最高黏度值和崩解值呈显著正相关,Fa/Fb3与最高黏度和崩解值均呈显著正相关。由此认为,通过育种手段改善稻米的支链淀粉理化特性,并在栽培措施上通过降低氮肥施用量来降低稻米中蛋白质含量,是提高长江下游地区水稻品种食味品质的有效途径。     

新时期浙江省水稻品种类型结构演变研究

根据1999年以来浙江省不同类型水稻品种的种植面积数据,分析了不同时期浙江的主栽品种数量和品种集聚度等。结果表明,与《种子法》实施前的1999年相比:一是2002年以来浙江省水稻生产上推广应用的品种总数变化不大,但杂交晚稻品种数量逐年增加,常规水稻(除晚籼稻外)品种数量则逐年下降;二是杂交晚籼稻品种集聚度呈下降趋势,常规晚粳稻品种集聚度呈上升趋势;三是杂交晚稻面积占比逐年上升,而常规晚稻面积占晚稻面积比例总体呈下降趋势;四是1999-2013年期间水稻主栽品种已经更新1次以上。     

Difference in Growth Characteristics,Utilization of Temperature and Illumination of Double- Cropping High Quality Late Rice in Different Ecological Regions of the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

【Objective】Under machine-transplanting conditions, four different types of late rice cultivars with high quality were used to investigate the differences of yield, growth characteristics, utilization of temperature and illumination. The results will lay a theoretical basis for the selection of double-cropping late rice varieties suitable for different ecological regions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.【Method】The yield, growth duration, dry matter accumulation, and utilization of temperature and illumination of double-cropping late rice were comparatively studied using four kinds of rice varieties as test materials namely indica conventional rice, indica hybrid rice, japonica conventional rice and Changyou japonica hybrid rice (20 varieties in total, selected between 2016 and 2017, all of which were high-quality rice in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River as double-cropping late rice). The experiment was carried out in two cities, Fuyang, Zhejiang Province (30.05º N, 119.95º E, 17.93 m above sea level) and Lujiang, Anhui Province (31.15º N, 117.16º E, 14 m above sea level).【Result】The yield of the four-types of late rice at high latitude was higher than that at low latitude. The yield of indica conventional rice, indica hybrid rice, japonica conventional rice, and Changyou japonica hybrid rice grown in Lujiang, Anhui Province was 11.1%, 12.9%, 6.6% and 12.4% higher than that in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province. When planted in the same places, Changyou japonica hybrid rice had the highest yield, and conventional indica rice had the lowest. The growth period was longer and dry matter accumulation was higher at high latitudes. When planted at high altitudes, the indica hybrid rice growth duration was the longest (10.4 d), and the increase in dry matter accumulation was the largest in conventional japonica rice (11.93% in full heading stage and 9.44% in mature stage). When planted in the same place, the dry matter accumulation was higher in hybrid rice than conventional rice. There was no significant difference in effective accumulated temperature between the filling stage and the whole growth duration of indica rice, but the sunshine hours, solar radiation, and its utilization rate were significantly higher at high latitudes. The effective accumulated temperature decreased significantly in the filling stage and the whole growth stage of japonica rice, but the change of accumulated sunshine hours was not obvious, while the accumulated solar radiation increased significantly at high latitudes. These were consistent with the changing trend of the utilization rate of the temperature and light resources. When planted at the same latitude, the growth period, dry matter accumulation, temperature and light resource utilization rate of japonica rice were higher than those of indica rice.【Conclusion】Late indica rice could make full use of temperature and light resources in order to improve its yield when planted in Lujiang, Anhui Province, but the difference of the utilization efficiency in the temperature and light resources of late japonica rice was not obvious. The yield of late japonica rice in Lujiang, Anhui Province increased because of the extension of the growth duration and the increase of dry matter accumulation.     

籼粳亚种间超高产杂交水稻新组合春优58的选育

春优58是用早花时矮秆晚粳不育系春江12A与偏籼型广亲和恢复系CH58配组育成的籼粳亚种间杂交稻新组合,具有营养生长旺盛、产量高、适应性广、米质较优、抗稻瘟病、中抗白叶枯病等特点,2007年2月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。介绍了该组合的选育过程、特征特性、栽培及制种技术要点。     

BT型粳稻不育系8006A的选育与应用

8006A是用BT型不育系863A与优质早熟晚粳稻品种8006杂交并回交转育而成的早熟晚粳稻不育系,具有米质较优、不育性稳定、较易制繁种等特点,所配组合结实率和千粒重高、丰产性好、米质较优,具有较好的应用前景。8006A及其与恢复系湘晴配组育成的新组合苏粳优2号(原名T优011)均于2006年1月通过江苏省品种审定。     

高柱头外露率、优质粳稻不育系嘉66A的选育及应用

嘉66A是浙江省嘉兴市农科院联合有关单位育成的优质晚粳BT型三系不育系,柱头外露率高,2014年12月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会组织的现场技术鉴定。本文主要介绍了嘉66A的选育过程及特征特性。     

Effects of Plant Spacing on Grain Yield and Population Quality in Mechanically-transplanted Rice with Good Tasting Quality

【Objective】The mechanical transplanting density plays an important role in grain yield and quality in rice. However, the effects of plant spacing on grain yield and population quality of mechanically transplanted rice with good tasting have not been clearly understood. Clarifying the optimal plant spacing for good tasting rice could lay a theoretical and practical basis for high yielding and good quality in mechanical cultivation.【Method】In this experiment, three rice cultivars with good tasting quality (Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5055 and Nanjing 46) in Jiangsu Province were used as materials, and the effects of plant spacing (10 cm, 12 cm, 14 cm, 16 cm and 18 cm) on their grain yield and population quality were investigated under mechanical transplanting when the row spacing was fixed at 30 cm.【Result】Productive tillers rate, high efficient leaf area index, grain leaf ratio (grain weight/leaf area), canopy net photosynthetic rate after heading and dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity were the highest under the plant spacing of 12 cm in above three rice cultivars. Grain yields tended to increase at first and then decrease with the increase of the plant spacing, and the relationship of quadric curve was found between grain yield and plant spacing. The optimal plant spacing for grain yield in Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5055 and Nanjing 46 ranged from 11.6 cm, 11.6－12.3 cm and 10.8－11.4 cm in two years according to the curve equation, respectively. 【Conclusion】When the row spacing was fixed at 30 cm, the plant spacing of 11－12 cm was helpful to improve the population quality and increase grain yield, and it could be used as the optimal plant spacing for the typical rice cultivars with good tasting in Jiangsu Province under mechanical transplanting.     

甬优8号机插900kg/667m~2超高产栽培技术

甬优8号系浙江省宁波市农业科学研究院作物研究所育成的杂交晚粳稻品种,该品种表现为穗大粒多、增产潜力大、米质优、抗倒性强等特点。2012年笔者对甬优8号机插进行试验示范,示范面积11.3 hm2,平均实收产量916.3 kg/667 m2,取得预期目标。介绍了甬优8号机插超高产栽培技术。     

机插株距对优质食味水稻品种产量和群体质量的影响

目的 机插密度对水稻产量和品质有重要影响,但机插株距对优质食味水稻品种产量与群体质量的调控作用尚不清楚。明确优质食味水稻品种的适宜机插株距可为水稻机械化高产优质栽培提供理论与实践依据。方法 以南粳9108、南粳5055和南粳46三个江苏优质食味水稻品种为材料,在机插行距固定为30 cm的情况下,研究了10、12、14、16和18 cm五种株距对上述水稻品种产量和群体质量的影响。结果 南粳9108、南粳5055和南粳46三个水稻品种的茎蘖成穗率、高效叶面积指数、粒叶比(粒重/叶面积)、抽穗后群体冠层净光合速率和抽穗至成熟干物质积累量均在株距为12 cm时最大。上述水稻品种产量均随株距增加呈现先增加先减少的趋势,产量与株距呈二次曲线关系。依据曲线方程计算出两年中南粳9108、南粳5055和南粳46高产最适株距分别为11.6 cm,11.6~12.3 cm和10.8~11.4 cm。结论 机插秧行距固定为30 cm时,11~12 cm的株距有利于改善优质食味水稻的群体质量指标并提高其产量,可作为江苏省代表性优质食味水稻品种的适宜机插株距。     

杂交粳稻春优84的生育特性及高产栽培技术

春优84是中国水稻研究所和浙江农科种业有限公司合作,用春江16A与C84组配而成的三系杂交粳稻新组合。该组合表现出茎秆粗壮、耐肥抗倒、穗大粒多、丰产性好,米质较优等特点。2013年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适宜在浙江省作单季晚稻种植。本文总结了该组合的生育特性及高产栽培技术要点。     

两系全香型优质杂交粳稻粳两优5975的选育及应用

以香型粳稻光温敏不育系0259S为母本,与香型粳稻父本gr75测交,育成了全香型两系杂交晚粳稻新组合粳两优5975.该组合在2006-2007年湖北省晚稻区试中,2 a平均单产7.30 t/hm<'2>,比对照鄂粳杂1号增产5.16%;稻米品质达国标1级优质稻谷标准;耐肥抗倒性较强,抗寒性好,于2010年3月通过湖北省品种审定.