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1 建立种子繁殖基地和合理的良种繁育体系
采用由科研育种单位或良种场建立的"三圃田",原种田繁育原原种、原种,或由育种家种子直接繁育原种,由种子专业农场或专业承包户生产良种,种子部门进行良种生产安排、种子检验、收购,扩繁提供优质种子给农户;各级种子部门要加快种子繁殖基地建设,抓好基地技术培训,农田基础设施建设,隔离区域的设置等工作,建立相对稳定的繁殖基地. 相似文献
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《中华人民共和国种子法》的颁布实施 ,中国加入WTO,给种子行业带来了新的机遇和新的挑战 ,种子市场竞争越来越激烈。只有建立稳定的良种繁育基地 ,才能保证源源不断为农业生产提供良种。为此 ,笔者对搞好良种繁育服务工作提出以下几点建议 :1 建立稳定的良种繁育基地各种子经营单位大多在农村农户建基地生产种子 ,种子生产者与经营者利益分配不合理 ,约束机制不健全 ,种子生产合同难兑现。在种子供过于求 ,销售价格较低的情况下 ,经营者往往不愿多收繁种户的种子 ;在种子供不应求 ,销售价格较高的情况下 ,繁种户为了自己利益往往不按合… 相似文献
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1 建立健全种子繁育体系
采取由科研育种单位建立“三圃”田、原种田繁育原原种、原种,或由育种家种子直接繁育原种,由具备种子生产资格的单位建立小麦专业化种子生产基地,扩繁良种销售给农户,按照这个繁育体系生产的小麦种子就能有效地保证种子纯度。…… 相似文献
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种子质量是种子企业能否发展壮大的关键因素之一,也是农民选购种子的主要取舍标准.控制好种子质量,可以保证种子生产单位和用种农户的共同利益.根据我们多年来在实际工作中的经验和做法,认为要保证种子质量,必须从以下几个方面入手. 1 加强良种基地建设资金投入,稳定种子生产基地 要积极争取上级主管部门对种子工作的支持,增加对种子基地建设的经费投入.每年要求当地政府安排一定的财政预算,用于本地良种繁育基地的基础设施建设,提高抗逆抗灾能力,保障种子繁育计划任务保质保量完成.近年来我区建立了稳定的良种生产基地1257亩,基地内共有良种场2个、良种繁育基地村4个、农户52户. 相似文献
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1 阜阳市主要农作物供种现状
1.1 提高了主要农作物良种覆盖率
2001年全市小麦、水稻、玉米、棉花、大豆、油菜等主要农作物良种覆盖率达90%以上。玉米全部实现杂交化,杂交水稻、杂交油菜均占种植面积的70%,杂交棉花占种植面积的2000以上。
1.2 良种繁育基地建设初具规模
“八五”以来,全市种子系统每年都建立了稳定的常规作物良种基地以及杂交油菜和杂交棉花制种基地,保证了供种的质量。
1.3 小麦统一供种成效显著…… 相似文献
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3主要农作物的良种繁育和种子生产工作“十五”以前,我省杂交农作物的良种繁育和种子生产基本上遵循的是“省提、地(市)繁、县制”的原则,常规农作物良种的繁育实行的是以县为单位,自繁自用的办法。《种子法》实施后,种子市场全面放开,原来的国有种子企业一家独揽,垄断经营的局 相似文献
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莫曾梅 《农产品加工.学刊》2019,(7):78-80
随着生活水平的提高,果蔬产品成为人们摄取营养元素的重要食品之一。分析了我国果蔬采后存在的问题,并对低温及气调保鲜、化学保鲜剂、涂膜保鲜技术及超声保鲜技术等贮藏保鲜技术研究进行了综述,指出我国果蔬贮藏保鲜技术持续、稳定、健康的发展要倚重于科技创新。 相似文献
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Oil and protein crops are of growing importance in cropping systems. This study was carried out to compare oil crops of linseed, rapeseed, sunflower and protein crops of faba bean and white lupin for grain production, residual plant dry matter and nitrogen. Two field experiments with either oil or protein crops were conducted in 1993 and 1994, respectively. Total dry matter production, grain yield, residues, N concentrations and mineral N in the soil were measured. Dry matter production and distribution as well as N uptake and residues varied greatly among species and between years. In 1993, oil crops gave up to 3 t ha−1 grain and 16 t ha−1 residues with sunflower, while in 1994 up to 5 and 11 t ha−1, respectively, were recorded with winter rape. Protein crops showed an opposite reaction in years. Nitrogen uptake and residual N amounts were correlated with dry matter production. Plant residues of oil crops contained 20–140 kg N ha−1; those of protein crops up to 80 kg N ha−1. Despite the variation of residual plant N the variability of mineral N in the soil at harvest was hardly influenced by crops and amounted to only 20–50 kg NO−3-N ha−1. 相似文献
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我国蔬菜产业和科学技术的发展与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 我国蔬菜产业的发展现状蔬菜是人们日常生活中不可缺少的副食品,也是我国目前种植业中最具活力的经济作物。改革开放以来,随着市场经济的发展,农产品产销体制的不断改革和完善,特别是1988年实施“菜篮子工程”以来,蔬菜产业得到了蓬勃发展。1.1 播种面积1987~1999年,全国蔬菜播种面积由533.3万hm2,发展到1333.3万hm2,增长139.5%。1.2 总产量1987~1999年,全国蔬菜总产量由1.55亿t增加到4.05亿t,增长161.3%,使年人均鲜菜占有量达到330.7kg(世界各国人均105kg…… 相似文献
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以Y05-222A和Y06-136R杂交得到的135株F2群体为研究材料,测定过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、脯氨酸(Pro)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛(MDA)等6个生理指标,并进行方差分析、相关性分析和通径分析,对F2群体进行偏度及峰度分析。结果显示,以上6个生理指标在F2群体中P>0.05,分布频率符合正态分布,同时存在双向超亲分离现象;相关性分析和通径分析显示,这些指标与抗盐碱系数均呈极显著相关(正相关或负相关),且相关系数与总间接通径系数方向一致。POD活性的直接通径系数为0.5003,可见POD直接影响抗盐碱性;CAT活性和Pro含量的直接通径系数分别为-0.1317和-0.0384,间接影响抗盐碱性;SOD活性、MDA及可溶性蛋白含量直接或间接影响抗盐碱性。POD、SOD、Pro、CAT、可溶性蛋白和MDA各生理指标的抗盐碱作用表现为POD>CAT>Pro>可溶性蛋白>MDA>SOD。叶片数、株高、茎粗和盘径与抗盐碱系数呈极显著正相关,其相关性表现为叶片数>盘径>株高>茎粗。以上结果可为研究油用向日葵抗盐碱性提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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果蔬食品的褐变与控制 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
结合生产实际,对果蔬食品产生褐变的机理及其控制途径进行探讨。通过遗传学途径,培育果蔬新品种,使之不含易氧化变色物质,增强其天然抗褐变性,是控制果蔬褐变的根本途径。 相似文献
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《Journal of Landscape Research》2013,(Z1)
Definition of Fengshui and the theories of selecting mountain and water environment in Fengshui were elaborated. Theories about mountain-water relationship were expounded from the perspective of piling of rockeries and layout of water, a residential area in Hefei City, Beijing Olympics Park, Hangzhou Prince Bay Park, mineral pit of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden, Beijing Beihai Park, Shanghai Changfeng Park were taken for example to demonstrate the influence of traditional rockery and mountain layout in Fengshui on modern landscape design. 相似文献
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LI Zhi-liang~ 《保鲜与加工》2004,(7):82-85
Some novel concepts of chemomics/molomics are proposed including hydrocarbomics, alcophenomics, carboxomics, pepitomics, metabonomics, etc. like genomics, protomics and glycomics in bioomics. Some examples are given to demonstrate the chemomics and/or molomics methodology and technology based chemoinformatics and bioinformatics and their wide applications in Chemistry and Biology. 相似文献
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Acidity and sweetness in apple and pear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Sweetness and acidity in apple and pear inherit independently and can be organoleptically evaluated separately, but less accurately in pear than in apple. For breeding purposes an analysis of fruits for acidity and sweetness with pH indicator paper and a hand refractometer is to be prefered to the organoleptic method.In apple, the acidity-decreasing with time-of the unripe fruit was already strongly indicative of that of the eating-ripe fruit; sugar-increasing with time-not before the fruit was picking ripe. Sugar content in apple and pear, and the pH in pear, appeared to be normally distributed; the pH in apple showed a segregation into an acid and a low-acid group, which occurred in both the unripe and ripe stage. The segregation ratio between these groups was found to be highly variable. On the whole, the mean acidity and sugar content of apple and pear progenies is significantly determined by that of the parents. Most of the observations made did not support the theory that low acidity in apple is determined by one recessive gene. The relationship between the pH of leaf juice and fruit juice in apple may offer a possibility for pre-selection. 相似文献