新疆部分地区牛新孢子虫病的血清学调查

应用间接免疫荧光抗体试验，酶联免疫吸附试验，斑点酶联免疫吸附试验3种检测方法，对新疆地区部分牛和牦牛的血清样品进行新子虫病抗体检测。结果显示，298头份牛血清全部为阴性，4份牦牛血清1份为阳性。     

应用间接酶联免疫吸附试验检测鸡传染性鼻炎抗体

应用聚苯乙烯塑料微量滴定板作为固相载体，辣极过氧物酶标记的羊抗鸡IgG为第二抗体，邻苯二胺为底物建检测鸡传染性处炎抗体的间接酶联免疫吸附试验，对大庆市A、B、C三个种禽场的鸡群抽样采血检测，结果在被检的154份血清样品中，IC抗体阳性血样为35份，阳性检出率为22.8%，该方法具有快速、简便、敏感、特异等优点，适合于临床诊断和大批量样品检疫。     

2020年湖南及周边地区猪伪狂犬病病毒血清学调查及分析

为初步了解湖南及周边地区猪伪狂犬病免疫及野毒感染情况,于2020年1—12月从湖南及周边地区238个猪场采集血清样品7194份,通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)分别检测伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)gB抗体和gE抗体.结果发现,667份血清样品为PRV-gE抗体阳性,5937份血清样品为PRV-gB抗体阳性,其平均阳性率分别...     

云南省荷斯坦牛及奶水牛犬新孢子虫血清学调查研究

为了解云南省荷斯坦牛和奶水牛犬新孢子虫感染情况,本研究应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对血清样品进行犬新孢子虫抗体检测.结果显示,68份荷斯坦牛血清样品中,抗体阳性7份,阳性率10.3％,2份可疑;106份奶水牛血清样品中,未检出抗体阳性血清,2份可疑.检测结果表明,云南省荷斯坦牛存在犬新孢子虫感染,奶水牛可能存在犬新孢子虫感染.     

西宁市猪圆环病毒2型感染的流行病学调查

用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测了西宁市8个规模养殖场和部分散养户的161份猪血清样品的猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）抗体。结果显示，所有被检猪场均有PCV2抗体阳性猪存在，161份血清样品中PCV2抗体阳性率为86．95％。从上述样品中随机抽取28份样品，用PCR方法检测了PCV2ORF1基因；结果，从13份血清中扩增到了特异性PCV2ORF1基因，阳性率为46．42％。证实，西宁市猪场和散养猪群中存在PCV2感染。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病快速诊断方法的研究

本文报道了一种既可以检测ＩＢＤ囊毒抗原，又可以检测ＩＢＤ抗体的酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）双抗体夹心法。用本方法检测ＩＢＤ阳性法氏囊样品１２２份，结果检出阳性１２０份，符合率为９８．４％。检测阴性法氏羹样品８８份，均为阴性。本方法与琼脂扩散试验方法比较，共检测人工感染发病的病死鸡法氏囊９７份，结果琼脂扩散检出阳性法氏囊４９份（５０．５１％），阴性４８份（４９．４８％），而用本方法检测结果，全为阳性，检出阳性率为１００％，比ＡＧＰ法检出率高４９．４８％。检测高免蛋黄液的抗体。１６个样品（以２倍递增进行稀释），结果本方法比琼脂扩散试验高１～２个滴度。试验证明该方法特异、敏感，并且快速简便，试验在室温条件下进行，不需要任何仪器设备，用肉眼观察颜色的变化就可判断试验结果，试验反应时间仅需１０分钟左右。     

西安地区猫弓形虫病的血清学调查

为了解西安市猫弓形虫的感染及流行情况，采集全市7个区的猫血清样品356份，应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测弓形虫抗体。结果：检出阳性样品31份，阳性率8.71%;猫弓形虫感染与饲养区域、环境、年龄、季节4种因素均有密切关系。     

上海某地区猪群中H3N2甲型流感血清学调查分析

用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对2012年上海市某地区27个养殖场户1 760份猪血清样品进行了猪流感(H3N2)血清学抗体检测。检测结果表明,在27个养殖场户中均检出H3N2抗体阳性,共检出阳性320份,阳性率为18.18%。     

上海地区奶牛犬新孢子虫病血清学抗体检测

为了掌握上海地区奶牛新孢子虫病的流行情况，应用酶联免疫吸附试验对上海地区奶牛血清样品进行新孢子虫病抗体检测。结果表明，被检的41个奶牛场1239份奶牛血清中有63份抗体阳性，阳性率为5．08％。各场阳性率变幅较大（0-44．23％）。     

监测放牧鸭群抗体水平控制高致病性禽流感暴发

美国明尼苏达州立大学的研究人员在2010年7~8月对泰国放牧鸭的禽流感病毒暴露风险进行了相关研究。他们采集了6254份鸭血清,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测了针对A型流感病毒的核蛋白(NP)和H5亚型血凝素的抗体。检测结果显示,85%的血清样品为A型流感病毒抗体阳性,对NP阳性的样品再次进行H5亚型血凝素抗体检测,39%的样品为阳性,4%为疑似阳性。而这些阳性或疑似阳性的样品12%的血凝效价大于或等于1∶20。研究结果证实A型流感血清阳性的风险因素包括鸭日龄、家禽间的接触、     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。