A Study on Chemical Compositions and Fiber Characteristics of Two Sympodial Bamboos

The chemical composition and fiber characteristics of two sympodial bamboos have been studied in this paper. Based on analysis results, it is shown that the Whangee (D. Membranaceus Munro) bamboo is better than Yunnanicus bamboo(D. yunnaicus Hsueh et D. Z. Li) in utilization because of its higher specific gravity, better fiber length and its distribution rule and higher wall/lumen ratio, and that the Whangee bamboo is more suitable for papermaking and panel processing used in house construction. In addition, the higher benzene-ethanol extractives of the Whangee bamboo can be an advantage for anti-decay in architecture processing and utilization compared with the Yunnanicus bamboo.     

丛生竹物理力学性能及其对制造竹建筑材料的影响

研究了两种最重要的丛生竹种云南黄竹和龙竹的物理和化学性能。实验结果表明,黄竹的物理性能,如纵横干缩性等优于龙竹,而且黄竹的力学性能如静曲强度、静曲弹性模量及顺纹压缩与剪切强度也比龙竹高。与建筑用木材相比,两种丛生竹的物理力学性能均达到了建筑材料的性能要求。     

结构用竹集成材物理力学性能研究

测定结构用竹集成材及其竹指接集成材的主要物理力学性能,并将测试结果与几种人工林单板层积材以及常见建筑用材种的相关性能进行比较.结果表明:竹集成材的水平剪切强度、静曲强度以及弹性模量等力学性能非常优越,浸渍剥离性能较差.     

竹-MMA复合材的制备及性能研究

采用真空注入法,将单体MMA注入竹材,然后以偶氮二异丁腈为催化剂,采用催化加热法聚合处理,制得竹-MMA复合材,测其力学性能和物理性能.结果表明:所制备的竹-MMA复合材比未经处理的素材,力学性能和物理性能都有明显提高.而且在本试验条件下,不同因素对竹-MMA复合材的制备及特定物理力学性能有着不同程度的影响.     

杨木材性对酚醛树脂浸渍改性材的影响

采用低分子量酚醛树脂对速生杨木进行浸渍处理、干燥定型,使树脂固化制得改性材。试验表明：低分子量酚醛树脂对杨木具有较好的浸注性,改性材的密度和力学强度均有明显的提高,两组试件改性后浸注性和密度相差不大,但前期经过热水处理的试件改性后密度相对均匀,力学强度略好于直接浸渍的试件。杨木自身材性对改性后物理力学性能的影响各不相同,在实际生产中要根据指标的重要性程度选取最佳方案。     

改性脲醛树脂胶低密度稻壳-木材复合材料制造工艺的研究

采用异氰酸酯(ISO)改性的脲醛树脂胶制造低密度稻壳-木材复合材料。稻壳与木质刨花的混合比例为1:1,施胶量为7%,试验结果表明,异氰酸酯改性的脲醛树脂胶黏剂适用于低密度稻壳-木材复合材料,其物理力学性能明显优于使用传统的脲醛树脂胶黏剂。低密度稻壳-木材复合材料的物理力学性能随着改性剂异氰酸酯用量的增加而提高。密度是稻壳-木材复合材料物理力学性能的重要影响因素,低密度稻壳-木材复合材料的物理力学性能随着密度的增加而提高。在设定密度为0.45g/m~3和0.5g/cm~3的条件下,3:4的ISO/UF的稻壳-木材复合材料的物理力学性能均达到日本刨花板工业标准(JIS A5908)的要求。     

聚丙烯纤维对木／塑纤维复合材料性能影响的初步研究

对木／塑纤维复合材料组分中添加聚丙烯纤维和对聚丙烯纤维进行预处理引起材料物理力学性能和模压性能的变化进行了研究。试验结果表明，添加聚丙烯纤维有助于改善材料的模压性能，但导致材料物理力学性能下降。对聚丙烯纤维进行预处理有助于提高复合材料物理力学性能。     

密度对稻壳-木材复合材料性能的影响

研究测试在0．75～0．85g／cm^3的变化范围内，密度对稻壳—木材复合材料物理力学性能的影响。试验结果表明，在该密度变化范围内，密度对板的静曲强度、内结合强度及吸水厚度膨胀率等影响显著。     

改性辐射松木材物理力学性能研究

研究了辐射松树脂浸渍材与热空气热处理树脂浸渍材、热压热处理树脂浸渍材的物理力学性能,为后续辐射松改性处理和加工利用提供参考。结果表明:相对于未处理材,浸渍处理提高了木材的密度、尺寸稳定性、力学性能;相对于浸渍材,热处理可进一步提高尺寸稳定性,但一定程度降低了力学强度。     

不同树龄西南桦木材物理力学性质株内变异研究

对4种树龄西南桦木材物理力学性质株内变异进行测定分析的结果表明,西南桦木材物理力学性质在株内变异趋势随着树高的增加而降低;株内变异差异显著性t检验表明:7年生与11年生株内差异显著,15年生和19年生差异显著和不显著;3项木材力学主要指标与木材密度的相关系数随树高的增加呈降低表现.     

大花序桉和火力楠木材物理力学性质比较

2014年以福建省漳州市龙海九龙岭国有林场12年生的大花序桉(Eucalyptus cloeziana)人工林为研究对象,并以乡土树种23年生的火力楠(Michelia macclurei)人工林为对照,对大花序桉和火力楠木材的物理性质和力学性质进行比较测定.结果 表明,大花序桉、火力楠的木材气干密度分别为0.78、0...     

杨村新无性系木材物理力学性质的研究

研究了7个杨树新无性系和I－69杨的木材物理力学性质。结果表明，杨木新无性系的物理力学性质等主要指标均属于小至甚小级，无性系间物理力学性质差异显著，据此可用木材物理力学性质因子选育优良无性系。尽管新无性系的生长速度超过I－69杨，但由于其某些强度指标低于I－69杨，8年生的速生材尚不能完全替代11年生的I－69杨使用，因此不能作为建筑结构材使用。     

基于多维度X-ray CT技术的木材科学研究进展

木材的物理力学性能与其结构组成密切相关,而这种相关性会在时间维度上动态变化。X射线断层扫描技术(X-ray CT)是一种可以无损检测木材内部结构和评价其物理力学性能的重要手段。文中围绕3D和4D CT技术在木材科学研究中的应用现状、发展前景、瓶颈问题展开分析和讨论, 总结X-ray CT在木材三维结构可视化和量化组成物质方面的功能,归纳X-ray CT在树龄分析、木材鉴别、森林生态等方面的应用思路,评价4D X-ray CT在探索木材结构与性能动态响应机制方面的可行性, 通过总结和归纳国内外研究现状指出亟需解决的问题,以期为拓展X-ray CT在木材研究领域的应用提供借鉴。     

End-use related physical and mechanical properties of selected fast-growing poplar hybrids (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoides)

This study focused on physical and mechanical properties of fast-growing poplar clones in relation to potential end uses with high added value. A total of 14 trees from three different clones, all P. trichocarpa × deltoides (T×D) hybrids, were felled in a poplar plantation in Lille (Belgium): six ‘Beaupré’, four ‘Hazendans’ and four ‘Hoogvorst’. Growth rate was found to have no significant influence on the physical mechanical properties. Although the investigated clones are genetically closely related, important variations in physical and mechanical properties were observed. Specific features such as spatial distribution of tension wood and dimensional stability are the main quality factors. It was concluded that ‘Beaupré’ is suitable for a wide range of high value added applications, such as plywood or construction wood. ‘Hazendans’ and ‘Hoogvorst’ will need adapted technology in processing. Further research is needed to characterize clonally induced variation in properties and to assess adequate processing strategies for multiclonal poplar stands.     

聚氯乙烯废料的含量对复合刨花板性能的影响

本研究主要是探求聚氯乙烯废料在复合刨花板中的不同加入量对刨花板物理力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着聚氯乙烯废料加入量的增加,复合刨花板的静曲强度,弹性模量以及内结合强度均降低;吸水厚度膨胀率减小;但振动阻尼系数增大;表面粗糙度也产生一定的变化。在多数情况下板材的物理力学性能可以达到日本ＪＩＳ Ａ ５９０８刨花板标准的要求,这说明在板中加入适量的聚氯乙烯废料可以生产出具有优良性能的刨花板。     

Highly hydrophobic and self-cleaning bulk wood prepared by grafting long-chain alkyl onto wood cell walls

Highly hydrophobic bulk wood was successfully prepared by grafting long-chain octadecyl isocyanate (OTI) onto wood cell walls via a urethane linkage. The resulting wood was highly hydrophobic and showed significantly reduced surface free energy. The microstructure and chemical composition of the untreated and treated wood were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The hydrophobic property of the wood was characterized using contact angle measurements. The mechanical and physical properties as well as the chemical durability of the highly hydrophobic wood were evaluated. The results suggested that the resultant OTI-treated wood presented fairly low surface free energy, high hydrophobicity even in the wood core, and excellent stability and durability against chemical corrosion and mechanical abrasion. Furthermore, the physical properties, including self-cleaning, dimensional stability, and water uptake, were significantly improved in the treated wood.     

木荷、枫香树不同树龄木材理化性能差异性研究

通过采集浙江各地不同树龄的木荷、枫香树木材,进行木材主要物理性质、力学性能、化学成分、化学性质的分析测定和比较分析,初步揭示了木荷、枫香树木材不同年龄材性变化差异规律,为更好地利用木材、培育资源提供了依据。     

杨树浸渍改性材物理及力学性能研究

利用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛复合改性剂对杨树木材进行浸渍改性处理,对比研究了杨树素材与改性材的物理性能及主要力学性能的变化,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了改性剂在改性材中的分布情况。结果表明:改性材的气干密度和抗缩系数(PASE)随改性剂浓度的上升而增加,改性材的气干密度最高为0.41 g/cm3,比素材的提高了13.9%,抗缩系数(PASE)最大提高到47.8%。改性材吸水率随改性剂浓度的上升而下降,与素材相比最大下降了19.2%。当改性剂的浓度为25%时,改性材的弹性模量和静曲强度达最大,分别为27.4%和13%。SEM分析显示改性剂填充于部分木射线以及交错纤维间的空隙中。     

Estimating the costs of one hectare of poplar planting and supplying wood required for producing various types of paper in Iran

In Iran, due to abundant restrictions on harvesting wood from northern forests by implementing the preservation project and also lack of possibility for sufficient wood production, development of the area of planting poplar is quite inevitable. Poplar wood properties have special importance to produce many wood production, particularly pulp and paper. Paper factories are the major consumers of poplar wood at the global level and this is because of unique morphological, physical, mechanical and technological properties of poplar wood. Therefore, regarding the importance of using this species in making various printing and writing paper, packaging or carton, cardboard and newsprint, in this study, costs of poplar production in one hectare including planting and harvesting were examined and determined. Then, based on conversion coefficients of FAO, required round wood, productivity and the cost of poplar wood were calculated for the producing various kinds of paper. The results indicate that carton and cardboard paper or packaging allocate the lowest cost and highest return, while printing and writing paper had highest cost and lowest return in terms of poplar wood supply needed for paper production.     

杨木单板异型家具构件的性能与质量分析

利用速生杨木单板,生产弯曲胶合异型家具构件.通过对其主要性能指标的检测,探讨以速生杨木单板为原料制造弯曲胶合异型家具构件的可能性,并对影响构件质量的因素进行分析.结果表明:杨木异型家具构件产品的性能.超过了相关质量标准的要求,可用于替代高档硬质实木使用,提升了杨木产品的科技含量和附加值.