金华两头乌猪的原产地域种质保护

金华“两头乌”具有成熟早 ,产仔多 ,骨细皮薄 ,肉质好等优良特性 ,经加工制成火腿 ,质佳味香 ,驰名中外。该猪种原产浙江省金华市婺城区、金东区、东阳市、义乌市、浦江县等地域 ,因品性独特分布逐年扩大。除浙江省舟山、宁波、台州、温州、衢州、遂昌等市 (县 )饲养外 ,我国东北部分地区亦有引进饲养。1 979年开始 ,金华两头乌猪曾列为国家间互赠礼品 ,先后赠予法国、日本、泰国、加拿大等国。从此 ,金华两头乌种猪载誉全球。在日本民间把金华两头乌猪昵称为“中国熊猫”猪 ,泰国王后称金华两头乌猪为国宝。1　金华两头乌猪的起源与金华火…     

金华两头乌猪的综合开发研究

目前国内猪肉市场似乎存在着越“洋”越好的片见 ,纯外血猪肉比土种猪肉价格高 ,其理由是胴体瘦肉率高。其实这仅仅是一定发展阶段的产物 ,或许是一种误导。现在日本“洋三元”猪肉已融入金华两头乌猪血液 ,最近曾有报导巴西培育“食草”猪的消息 ,其实中国猪染色体中就含“食草”基因 ,这是值得重新思考的问题。1　重视开发利用金华两头乌猪优良特性金华两头乌猪具有许多优良特性 ,这些特性目前看来仍具有十分珍贵的价值。1.1　耐粗性　据许梓荣等 ( 1984)报道 :金华两头乌猪当饲粮粗纤维水平从 3.78%提高到 8.78%时 ,其增重速度随粗纤维水…     

浙江:“金华两头乌猪”获得农产品地理标志登记保护

近日,农业部网站发布了2013年第一批农产品地理标志产品公告信息,对147个产品实施国家农产品地理标志登记保护,"金华两头乌猪"在列。下一步将颁发中华人民共和国农产品地理标志登记证书,公布"金华两头乌猪"质量控制技术规范和标准,明确其地域范围、养殖方式、产品质量安全规定、标志使用规定等。"金华两头乌猪"品种优良、品质独特、养殖历史     

金华猪:千年文化再放光彩

正金华猪又名金华两头乌,是我国著名的地方优良品种。其肉质优良、肉味鲜美,深受人们喜爱。特别是以其后腿为原料加工制作的金华火腿这一千年品牌,更堪称世界一绝,早已名扬海内外。据历史考证,金华当地饲养金华两头乌已有1600多年的历史,民间腌制火腿距今1200余年。早在1953年,国家专门拨款建立了浙江加     

赣西两头乌研究进展

赣西两头乌猪是江西八个优良地方品种猪之一，属肉脂兼用型猪，具有耐粗饲、抗逆性强、繁殖性能好、肉质优良等特性，在优质商品肉猪的开发与异体器官移植上有着巨大的开发利用潜力，本文对赣西两头乌猪的起源发展、种质特性以及潜在利用价值进行综述，为其后续保种开发提供参考。     

B型金华猪不同杂交组合主要胴体性能、肉质性状分析

正金华猪又称"金华两头乌",是在浙江省金华地区特定的地理、自然、农业生产和社会条件下,经过长期的选择和饲养管理逐渐形成的优良猪种,有"中华熊猫猪"之美称,具有皮薄骨细、耐粗饲、抗病能力强、适应性强、早熟易肥、繁殖力高等特性[1-5]。金华猪是浙江省内规模最大、保种效果最明显、血统最完备的猪遗传资源,在地方猪种中独树一帜。B型金华猪(又称金华猪瘦肉系)是1986年金华市农科所以金华猪Ⅱ系为选育群基础,进一步     

金华筹建“两头乌猪文化馆”还将打造两头乌电商平台

【本刊辑】据钱江晚报2014年10月13日报道，为提升两头乌猪文化品牌及素质，浙江金华有关部门正在筹划建设一所“两头乌猪文化馆”，通过文字、图片、实物、音像、光电等资料，全面展示两头乌猪和火腿文化等内容。此外，金华有关部门还将打造金华两头乌猪产品质量安全追溯体系及电子商务平台。     

金华猪部份生理生化指标的测定

金华猪又称“两头乌”,是我国著名的优良猪种之一,具有早熟,易肥,皮薄,骨细、肉质良好,产仔多,育成率高等优良特性,在国内外享有一定的声誉。测定其生理生化指标对该品种的育种工作及疾病防治等方面都有一定的意义。为此,我们于一九七九年十月对金华两头乌种猪进行了十一项生理指标及五项生化指标的测定工作。现将结果加以整理报告如下:     

金华猪研究进展

自20世纪60年代以来,金华猪的保种选育工作在中央及地方各级政府的高度重视和大力支持下,取得了显著的成绩。1979年,金华猪被列为我国主要地方猪种种质特性研究课题的十大猪种之一,对金华猪的肉质特性、繁殖性能、遗传特性等开展了系统的研究。近年来,地方猪种质资源越发受到重视,2014年,浙江省农业厅、财政厅联合下达了"金华两头乌猪产业转型升级"省农业重大项目,进一步促进了金华猪的开发利用。深入认识和研究金华猪,对金华猪及金华火腿产业的发展有着十分重要的意义。因此,文章对近年来开展的金华猪相关研究进行综述,为以后深入研究金华猪等地方猪种提供参考。     

金华猪保种与繁殖性能测定研究

正金华猪是国家第一批保护名录的19个地方猪种之一,是中国著名地方优良品种,其头部和尾部为黑皮黑毛,故又称两头乌。它具有耐粗饲、早熟、产仔多、母性好、杂交配合力高、肉质鲜嫩和风味好等特性。浙江宝仔农业发展有限公司在甬绍平原,拥有1. 2万亩海涂资源。为保护金华猪的优质遗传资源和更好地推广优良品种,并为提供优良杂交母本和综合开发利用打好坚实的基础,于2009年浙江宝仔农业发展有限公司引进金华猪,开展保种和纯繁     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.