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1.
Zulfiqar Ali Malik Noman Haleem Mumtaz Hasan Malik Anwaruddin Tanwari 《Fibers and Polymers》2012,13(8):1094-1100
Tensile strength plays a vital role in determining the mechanical behavior of woven fabrics. In this study, two artificial neural networks have been designed to predict the warp and weft wise tensile strength of polyester cotton blended fabrics. Various process and material related parameters have been considered for selection of vital few input parameters that significantly affect fabric tensile strength. A total of 270 fabric samples are woven with varying constructions. Application of nonlinear modeling technique and appreciable volume of data sets for training, testing and validating both prediction models resulted in best fitting of data and minimization of prediction error. Sensitivity analysis has been carried out for both models to determine the contribution percentage of input parameters and evaluating the most impacting variable on fabric strength. 相似文献
2.
This study was aimed at developing statistical models for the prediction of tensile strength of warp and weft yarns required
for attaining a pre-defined strength of PET/Cotton blended woven fabrics. The models were developed based on the empirical
data obtained from carefully developed 234 fabric samples with different constructions using 15, 20, and 25 tex yarns in warp
and weft directions. The prediction ability and accuracy of the developed models were assessed by correlation analyses of
the predicted and actual warp and weft yarn strength values of another set of 36 fabric samples. The analyses showed a very
strong ability and accuracy of the developed statistical prediction models. 相似文献
3.
Ali Afzal Tanveer Hussain Mumtaz Hassan Malik Abher Rasheed Sheraz Ahmad Abdul Basit Ahsan Nazir 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(7):1539-1547
The aim of this study was to analyze and model the effect of knitting parameters on the air permeability of Cotton/Polyester double layer interlock knitted fabrics. Fabric samples of areal densities ranging from 315–488 g/m2 were knitted using yarns of three different cotton/polyester blends, each of two different linear densities by systematically varying knitting loop lengths for achieving different cover factors. It was found that by changing the polyester content in the inner and outer fabric layer from 52 to 65 % in the double layer knitted fabric did not have statistically significant effect on the fabric air permeability. Air permeability sharply increased with increase in knitting loop length owing to decrease in fabric areal density. Decrease in yarn linear density (tex) resulted in increase in air permeability due to decrease in areal density as well as the fabric thickness. It was concluded that response surface regression modeling could adequately model the effect of knitting parameters on the double layer knitted fabric air permeability. The model was validated by unseen data set and it was found that the actual and predicted values were in good agreement with each other with less than 10 % absolute error. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to find out the relative contribution of each input parameter on the air permeability of the double layer interlock knitted fabrics. 相似文献
4.
Aramid fibers are mainly used for industrial applications and human body protection against ballistic threats. But they are
used mostly in forms of composites. And fabrics woven with a high yarn count offer a moderate protection performance against
the knife stabbing due to the low shear strength. This research is focused on investigating the effect of the aramid core-spun
yarns on the stab resistance of the woven fabrics. With the aramid core-spun yarns with core to sheath weight ratio of 1 to
2.5 the armor specimens having different fabric densities were prepared and the knife edge impact test was conducted. On the
impact energy of the knife at the level 1 according to the NIJ standard, the drop tower test results demonstrated that fabric
density of the armor specimens affected the stab resistance significantly. The penetration depth of the impactor through the
armor specimens was associated with the thickness and mass of the armor sample in different ways. Being the stab resistance
introduced by considering the penetration depth of the impactor via thickness and weight per surface area, the effects of
the fabric conditions on the anti-stabbing property could be systematically analyzed and turned out that there was an optimal
level of the fabric density, showing the most effective stab resistance. 相似文献
5.
A study of comfort performance in cotton and polyester blended fabrics. I. Vertical wicking behavior
Vertical wicking model was developed based on Darcy’s law. In the model, permeability coefficient, capillary pressure and
fabric thickness were used as the key parameters to describe wicking behavior. For the simulation and test, fiber type and
fabric structure were chosen as variables. In a highly porous knit fabric, gravitational effect during the wicking process
was significant. The higher the capillary pressure was, the higher was the wicking rise. Surface wetting tension, i.e., the
specific fluid affinity of material, was newly defined to characterize different capillary pressures in various types of fabric
structures. The model, the methodology and the results could provide an insight into fabric design to produce fabric with
an optimum wicking performance. 相似文献
6.
Air permeability is one of the most important utility properties of textile materials as it influences air flow through textile material. Air permeability plays a significant role in well-being due to its influence on physiological comfort. The air permeability of textile materials depends on their porosity. There are a lot of structural properties of textile materials also operating parameters (knitting+finishing) influencing air permeability and there are also statistically significant interactions between the main factors influencing the air permeability of knitted fabrics made from pure yarn cotton (cellulose) and viscose (regenerated cellulose) fibers and plated knitted with elasthane (Lycra) fibers. Two types of artificial neural networks (ANNs) model have been set up before modeling procedure by utilizing multilayer feed forward neural networks, which take into account the generality and the specificity of the product families respectively. A virtual leave one out approach dealing with over fitting phenomenon and allowing the selection of the optimal neural network architecture was used. Moreover this study exhibited that air permeability could be predicted with high accuracy for stretch plain knitted fabrics treated with different finishing processes. Within the framework of the work presented, ANNs were applied to help industry to adjust the operating parameter before the actual manufacturing to reach the desired air permeability and satisfy their consumers. 相似文献
7.
The possibility of prediction of bending rigidity of cotton woven fabrics with the application of Neuro-genetic model has been explored. For this purpose, number of cotton grey fabrics meant for apparel end-use was desized, scoured, and relaxed. The fabrics were then conditioned and tested for bending properties. A feed-forward neural network model was first formed and trained with adaptive learning rate back-propagation with momentum. In the second model, a hybrid learning strategy was adopted. A genetic algorithm was first used as a learning algorithm to optimize the number of neurons and connection weights of the neural network. Later, a back-propagation was applied as a local search algorithm to achieve global optima. Results of hybrid neural network model were compared with that of back-propagation neural network model in terms of their prediction performance. Results show that the prediction by Neuro-genetic model is better in comparison with that of back-propagation neural model. 相似文献
8.
This paper reports an investigation on the predictability of bending property of woven fabrics from their constructional parameters
using artificial neural network (ANN) approach. Number of cotton grey fabrics made of plain and satin weave designs were desized,
scoured, and relaxed. The fabrics were then conditioned and tested for bending properties. Thread density in fabric, yarn
linear density, twist in yarn, and weave design were accounted as input parameters for the model whereas bending rigidity
in warp and weft directions of fabric formed the outputs. Gradient descent with momentum and an adaptive learning rate back-propagation
was employed as learning algorithm to train the network. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the robustness of
the model. 相似文献
9.
This paper presents the low stress mechanical properties of plain fabrics woven from cotton, bamboo viscose and cotton-bamboo viscose blended yarns. Three blends (100 % cotton, 50:50 cotton-bamboo and 100 % bamboo) were used to produce three yarn counts (20, 25 and 30 Ne). Each of these yarns was used to make fabrics with different pick densities (50, 60 and 70 picks per inch). It was found that bending rigidity, bending hysteresis, shear rigidity, shear hysteresis and compressibility is lower for bamboo fabrics as compared to those of 100 % cotton fabrics. On the other hand, extensibility, tensile energy and compressional resilience are higher for 100 % bamboo fabrics than 100 % cotton fabrics. Higher pick density increases linearity of load-elongation curve, bending rigidity, shear rigidity and compressional resilience. Shear and bending rigidities show very good correlation with the respective hysteresis values. 相似文献
10.
Zulfiqar Ali Malik Tanveer Hussain Mumtaz Hasan Malik Anwaruddin Tanwari 《Fibers and Polymers》2011,12(2):281-287
In order to meet the required strength of a fabric, selection of yarn is difficult because tensile strength of woven fabric
depends upon a number of factors. Still, the manufacturers have to use hit and trial method in order to select the yarn for
the required tensile strength of fabric. This study was carried out to develop regression equations for the prediction of
yarn tensile strength suitable for the predefined strength of cotton woven fabrics. These equations were developed by using
empirical data obtained from two hundred and thirty four fabric samples prepared under a systematic plan with different constructions.
Prediction proficiency and precision of these regression equations were evaluated by correlation analysis of the predicted
and actual warp and weft yarn strength values of another set of thirty six fabric samples. The results show a very strong
prediction precision of the equations. 相似文献
11.
In this study, the dimensional and some physical properties of plain knitted fabrics made from 50/50 bamboo/cotton blended
yarns are investigated. In order to see the differences and similarities, the results are then compared with those for similar
fabrics knitted from 50/50 conventional viscose/cotton and 50/50 modal/cotton blended yarns. Each fabric type was produced
with three different stitch lengths. After all fabrics were dyed under identical dyeing conditions, they were subjected to
dry and full relaxation treatments. For dimensional properties of fabrics, course, wale and stitch densities were measured.
Then, by calculating statistically best-fit lines passing both through the experimental points and the origin, dimensional
constants i.e. k values were predicted in terms of the fiber types. The result show that each fabric type knitted from bamboo/cotton, viscose/cotton
and modal/cotton blended yarns behaves in a similar manner. However, in both dry and fully relaxed states, the modal/cotton
knitted fabrics tend to have slightly higher k values than the bamboo/cotton and viscose/cotton knitted fabrics. For physical properties, fabric weight per unit area, thickness,
bursting strength, air permeability and pilling were evaluated. The results show that the weight, thickness and air permeability
values are independent of the fiber type. Plain knitted fabrics from modal/cotton blended yarns have the highest bursting
strength values. Plain knitted fabrics from bamboo/cotton blended yarns tend to pill less. 相似文献
12.
In present work, PET FDY has been used to blend with diacetate filaments by air texturing process and core-and-effect air-textured
yarns have been produced. The influences of both over-feeds of core and effect components on properties of textured yarns
were mainly examined. It was observed that a spun-like effect of diacetate filaments occurred during air texturing and there
were a little amount of free fiber ends besides loops on blended air textured yarns, while the number of free fiber ends changed
little with variation in over-feeds. The tenacity of textured yarns decreased with increase in over-feeds of effect or core
component. The breaking elongation increased with increase in over-feed of effect component, but decreased with increase in
over-feed of core component. The yarn stability improves when both over-feeds are increased. The effect of over-feeds on boiling
water shrinkage shows no clear trend. The core and average diameters are higher at high over-feed of effect component, but
the over-feed of core component exhibits little effect on yarn diameters. The number and size of loops are increase with increased
over-feed of effect component. 相似文献
13.
This study examined the effects of the total porosity, pore size, and cover factor on the moisture and thermal permeability of woven fabrics made from DTY (draw textured yarns) and ATY (air jet textured yarns) composite yarns with hollow PET (polyethylene terephthalate) yarns. The wicking of the hollow composite yarn fabrics was found to be superior to that of the high twisted yarn fabrics, which may be due to the high porosity in the hollow composites yarns, but this was not related to the cover factor. The drying characteristics of the hollow composite yarn fabric with high porosity were inferior compared to the high twisted yarn fabrics due to the large amounts of liquid water in the large pores, which resulted in a longer drying time of the fabric. The thermal conductivity of the hollow composite yarn fabrics decreased with increasing measured pore diameter due to the bulky yarn structure. The effects of the hollowness of the yarn on the thermal conductivity were more dominant than those of the yarn structural parameters. The air permeability increased with increasing measured pore diameter but the effects of the cover factor on the air permeability were not observed in the hollow composite yarn fabrics. The effects of porosity on the moisture and thermal permeability of the woven fabrics made from the hollow composite filaments were found to be critical, i.e., wicking and air permeability increase with increasing porosity. In addition, the drying rate increased with increasing porosity and the thermal conductivity decreased with increasing pore diameter, but were independent of the cover factor. 相似文献
14.
In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) and a statistical model are developed to predict the unevenness of polyester/viscose
blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers
are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. A back propagation
multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression model (simplex lattice design) with two mixture
components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed) are developed to predict
the unevenness of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Both ANN and simplex lattice design have given satisfactory
predictions, however, the predictions of statistical models gave more reliable results than ANN. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to understand the failure mechanism of two dimensional dry fabric structure considering yarn sets
and interlacements. For this purpose, data generated on air-entangled textured polyester woven fabric under the simple tensile
load and analyzed by developed regression model. The regression model showed that warp and weft directional tensile strengths
of satin fabric were higher than those of plain and rib fabrics in unravel sample. This might be related to the number of
interlacements of the fabrics. There was not a considerable difference between warp directional tensile strength of ravel
and unravel satin fabrics, whereas weft directional tensile strength of ravel satin fabric decreased rapidly with respect
to its unravel form. The satin fabric showed the highest warp directional tensile strength among the others. The lowest weft
directional tensile strength was received from ribs fabric. In semi-ravel sample, all fabrics showed low warp and weft directional
tensile strength values except in plain fabric. Warp directional tensile elongation of plain fabric was the highest in unravel
sample. Satin fabric showed the highest warp directional tensile elongation in the ravel sample. Warp directional tensile
elongations of all the fabrics in the semi-ravel sample became low. Weft directional tensile elongation of satin fabric was
the highest in unravel sample. In addition, satin and plain fabrics showed the highest weft directional tensile elongations
in the ravel sample. Weft directional tensile elongations of all the fabrics in the semi-ravel sample became low except in
ribs fabric. 相似文献
16.
A modified ring spinning technique has been recently developed by incorporating false twisting devices into the conventional ring frame. Its application on the coarser yarn counts (7–32 Ne) showed notable advantages in modified yarn and fabric performance. More recently, it was noted that this technique can also be applied for producing finer cotton yarns. Thus this paper aims to carry out a systematic study of the physical properties of the finer modified yarns (80 Ne) and woven fabrics with respect to the conventional ones. Physical properties of conventional and modified single yarns were evaluated and compared. These two types of single yarn were used for the production of woven fabrics. Moreover, the above two types of single yarn were also plied and used for the production of woven fabrics under a commercial condition. All woven fabrics were assessed in terms of fabric tensile strength, tearing strength, abrasion resistance, fabric weight, and air-permeability as well as other fabric performance measured by the Kawabata Evaluation System (KES). Experimental results showed that finer modified yarns and fabrics exhibit higher strength, lower hairiness, and improved abrasion resistance, slightly better compression property, and smoother surface with relatively larger thickness. 相似文献
17.
The woven fabric graphics designed with available computer aided design (CAD) systems using different colored warp and weft
yarns look quite different from the appearance of their actual fabrics. To enhance the visual effects of designed woven fabric
graphics, this paper reports a modified CAD woven fabric system, which allows users to design a fabric using parameters including
fabric weaves, yarn number, yarn material, fabric count, crimp shape of interwoven yarns, and illumination. This enhanced
system can design both yarns and fabrics, and consider the transitional color effect around interweaving points of warp and
weft yarns. Its simulation image quality of woven fabrics has been greatly improved, and several textile mills and universities
are currently using this woven fabric design system. 相似文献
18.
Composite woven fabric satisfies what people require. Bamboo charcoal (BC) has been identified as a multifunctional material
that has far-infrared ray, anions, deodorization and etc. BC fibers and yarns were made of bamboo charcoal powders and have
further become a pervasive materials used in textile industry. In this study, cotton yarns, stainless steel/cotton (SS/C)
complex yarn, bamboo charcoal/cotton (BC/C) complex yarns were woven into the plain, twill and Dobby composite woven fabrics.
The warp yarn was composed of cotton yarns, and the weft yarn was made up of BC/C and SS/C complex yarns with a picking ratio
of 1:1 and 3:1. Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film was then attached to the composite woven fabrics, forming the BC/SS/TPU
composite woven fabrics. Tests of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (EMSE), far-infrared emissivity, anions, water resistance,
and water vapor permeability measured the single-layer, two-layer and four-layer composite woven fabrics, obtaining a far-infrared
emissivity of 0.95 by 39.8 counts per minute, an anion count of 149 amount/cc, an EMSE of −11.87 dB under frequency of 900
MHz, a surface resistivity of 8×10−6 Ω/square, a water resistance of −8219 mmH2O, and water vapor permeability of 989 g/m2·h and 319 g/m2·24 h in accordance with JIS L 1099 A1 and ASTM E96 BW. 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study is to analyze and determine the off-axis tensile properties of air-entangled textured polyester fabrics
based on unit cell interlacing frequency. For this purpose, continuous filament polyester air-entangled textured yarn was
used to produce plain, ribs and satin woven fabrics. The fabrics were cut from the warp direction (0°) to weft direction (90°)
at every 15° increment, and tensile tests were applied to those of the off-axis samples. The strength and elongation results
were introduced to the statistical model developed, and regression analyses were carried out. Hence, the effects of off-axis
loading and interlacement on the directional tensile properties of the fabric were investigated. The regression model showed
that off-axis loading influences fabric tensile strength. On the other hand, interlacement frequency is the most important
factor for fabric tensile elongation. The results from the regression model were compared with the measured values. This study
confirmed that the method used in this study as can be a viable and reliable tool. Future research will concentrate on multiaxially
directional fabric and the probability that it will result in homogeneous in-plane fabric properties. 相似文献
20.
The physical and mechanical characteristics of hollow polyester fibres were compared with solid polyester fibres in order
to establish their processing behaviour and performance characteristics. The effects of hollow fibres on fabric properties
were investigated by using microscopy and tests of tensile and bursting strength, pilling, abrasion resistance, water vapour
permeability, and handle. The results show that tensile strength of hollow polyester fibres and yarns are negatively affected
by the cavity inside the fibre. Hollow fibres also have higher stiffness and resistance to bending at relaxed state. Fabrics
made from hollow polyester/wool blends and pure wool fabrics show three distinguishable steps in pilling. During pilling,
hollow fibres break before being pulled fully out of the structure, leading to shorter protruding fibres. Microscopy studies
showed that the breakdown of hollow fibres started during entanglement by splitting along the helical lines between fibrils.
KES results showed that the friction between fibres and the fibre shape are the most important parameters that determine the
fabric low stress mechanical properties. However, in some aspects, the hollow structure of the fibre does not have a significant
effect. 相似文献