Conduct,Oversight, and Ethical Considerations of Clinical Trials in Companion Animals with Cancer: Report of a Workshop on Best Practice Recommendations

Development of effective and safe treatments for companion animals with cancer requires the collaboration of numerous animal health professionals and the full engagement of animal owners. Establishing ‘Best Practice Recommendations’ for clinical trials in veterinary oncology represents an important step toward meeting the goal of rigorous clinical trial design and conduct that is required to establish valid evidence. Likewise, optimizing patient welfare and owner education and advocacy is crucial to meet the unique ethical obligations to both owners and animals enrolled in these clinical trials and to ensure trust in the team conducting the research. To date, ‘Best Practice Recommendations’ for clinical trial conduct have not been reported for veterinary oncology. This document summarizes the consensus of a workshop held in November, 2014 to identify relevant ethical principles and to ensure responsible conduct of clinical research in companion animals with cancer. It is intended as a working document that will be updated as advances in science and ethical considerations require. To the extent possible, existing guidelines for the conduct and oversight of clinical trials in humans have been adapted for veterinary trials to avoid duplicative effort and to facilitate integration of clinical trials such that translational research with benefits for both companion animals and humans are encouraged.     

《家禽屠宰检疫规程》中有关问题分析

《家禽屠宰检疫规程》在规范家禽的屠宰检疫,加强家禽产品的检疫活动管理,保障动物源食品安全方面发挥了重要作用。本文概述了《家禽屠宰检疫规程》关于家禽屠宰场所定义、规程适用动物、检疫对象、检疫合格标准的判定等方面存在的问题,特别是针对家禽产品入库贮藏后才出厂如何出具检疫合格证明,提出可采取贮藏后继续调运或分销的检疫方式出具检疫证明这一解决方案。这提示在今后工作中扩大屠宰检疫的适用范围及检疫对象,进一步修订和完善屠宰检疫规程,提升屠宰检疫技术水平。     

新修订《农业行政执法文书制作规范》学习导读

2020年9月修订的《农业行政执法文书制作规范》有利于适应新形势下农业行政处罚领域解决新问题、提升新能力、防范新风险的执法文书需求,其对农业执法文书种类,行政执法与刑事、纪检的监督机制以及执法文书制作要求作进一步规范.本文对新修订《规范》的文书种类、制作要求、文字表述、执法流程进行了探讨,修订内容体现了行政执法的程序特...     

基于CBERS和MODIS数据的草地资源监测评价研究

在编制《草地资源遥感调查大纲》、《草地资源区划界定操作细则》、《草地资源区划界定图形数据及制图要求》等系列规范、细则,以及包括基础地理信息、草地资源信息等多个方面的综合调查分类指标体系及数据字典的基础上,研究和探索了一整套利用CBERS数据建立草地资源遥感解译标志,采用人机交互的方式在GIS软件中对草地资源类型图进行更新,并以CBERS数据更新后的草地资源专业图件作为背景,应用EOS/MODIS数据实现草地植被的遥感动态监测与评价。     

Feline Rhinotracheitis and Calici Infection

Sir:-.A client who uses two practices for her veterinary service ran into problems with ‘snuffles’. The owner had a further 18 kittens born to queens of unknown vaccination status (this was in January 1982). At this time it was decided to try to protect these young kittens, so a vaccination programme was started. Twelve kittens were started by Practice One and then Practice Two was asked to do the other kittens. The reasoning for this was that Practice One used intramuscular vaccine only, whereas Practice Two used live nasal, and had done so successfully in another cattery. It was agreed that a comparison of success might be demonstrated.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Dog Breeding: The Theory and the Practice. By Frank Jackson
Small Animal Practice. Edited by E. Boden. Published by Baillière Tindall     

脱颖处理对禾本科牧草种子萌发的影响

禾本科牧草具有很高的营养和经济价值,提高其萌发率对禾草地建植具有重要意义。脱颖是一种简单、快速、安全的物理方法,且不会对环境造成污染,目前国内外脱颖处理对不同禾本科牧草萌发的影响研究较少。研究选取21种典型的禾本科牧草种子进行脱颖处理并对其发芽率、发芽势、根长进行对比分析。结果表明：脱颖处理能明显提高早熟禾（百思特、百胜）、鸭茅（楷模）和高羊茅（易凯）4种禾本科牧草种子的发芽势,早熟禾（百思特、百胜）2个品种的发芽率,以及高丹草PACF8421、黑麦草（首相）、饲用高粱、多年生黑麦草4个草种的根长。去颖后种子的萌发率、发芽势与种子的大小、颖壳的薄厚程度、种子和颖壳结合程度无显著相关性。根据结果建议早熟禾百胜和百思特在快速建植时应进行脱颖处理,鸭茅（楷模）、高羊茅（易凯）根据实际情况决定是否脱颖,这对于禾本科牧草地的建植具有重要的实际指导意义。     

2009年春季北方蚕区桑蚕新品种实验室鉴定(陕西点)报告

2009年春季依照《北方蚕区桑蚕品种共同鉴定工作细则》对4对桑蚕新品种进行了实验室鉴定,主要从蚕期饲育观察、茧质调查、丝质鉴定三方面作对比分析,客观地反映这几对品种在陕西的性状表现。     

川西高原苹果主要病害发生规律及综合防治研究

2011-2013年,采用定点观察、实地调查和座谈访问的方式,对川西高原苹果主要病害进行了调查研究。结果表明：苹果腐烂病、苹果早期落叶病、白粉病、霉心病等为害严重。结合其发病规律,提出了综合防治技术措施。     

New course boosts confidence of assessors

The BSAVA's Practice Support Group has responded to calls from practitioners experiencing difficulties with the veterinary nursing NVQ system and has developed a course for those involved in assessing students. Sally Davis, a veterinary nurse and member of the Practice Support Group, reports on the one‐day course, which aims to simplify and clarify the process for those involved     

2008年春季北方蚕区桑蚕新品种实验室鉴定(山东点)报告

对2008年春参加北方蚕业科研协作区鉴定的8对桑蚕新品种进行了山东点实验室鉴定,各项目调查时间、内容和方法均按《北方蚕区桑蚕品种共同鉴定工作细则》进行,结合蚕期的饲养观察、茧期调查、丝质鉴定等相关项目的调查,了解其饲育成绩及饲育特点,并对各品种进行简要的概评和分析。     

北方蚕业科研协作区2010年家蚕新品种实验室鉴定(山东点)试验报告

2010年春季,山东所对参加北方蚕业科研协作区鉴定任务的6对桑蚕新品种进行了实验室鉴定,各项目调查时间、内容和方法均按《北方蚕业科研协作区桑蚕品种共同鉴定工作细则》进行,结合蚕期饲养、茧期调查、丝质鉴定等了解其饲育成绩及饲育特点,并对各品种进行简要的概评和分析。     

A review of drug "clearance times" in racehorses.

A review is presented of published and some unpublished work dealing with aspects of drug clearance from horses. This work includes plasma half-lives and urinary clearance times for specified drugs, as well as a consideration of more general factors likely to influence these values. The review is presented primarily as a guide to the veterinary surgeon in practice, to assist in the drug therapy of horses without contravening the Rules of Racing relating to doping.     

BLUP法在外种猪选育中的应用与实践

BLUP又称最佳线性无偏预测 ,是目前世界上用于家畜尤其是奶牛和猪的育种中的一种最先进的选育方法。我场在外种猪选育过程中 ,采用BLUP法 ,通过 1 995年～ 1 998年的测定选育 ,取得了明显的进展。本文从应用与实践的角度 ,就其选育方法和结果进行简要的讨论 ,以供同行参考     

2009年春季北方蚕区桑蚕新品种实验室鉴定(山东点)报告

2009年春,我所对参加北方蚕区联合鉴定的8对桑蚕品种进行了实验室鉴定。调查项目、内容、时间和方法,按《北方蚕区桑蚕品种共同鉴定工作细则》进行。通过蚕期饲养、茧期调查、丝质鉴定等了解其主要成绩和饲育特点,并进行概述和分析。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Veterinary Practice Management Secrets , Catanzaro TE and Seibert P, Hanley & Belfus Inc PA, Harcourt Aust, NSW, 2000, 174 pages. Price 76.95. ISBN 1 56053 400 1.
Beyond the Successful Veterinary Practice , Catanzaro TE, Deegan RW and Guiducci EJ, Iowa State University Press, USA, 2000, 210 pages. Price 49.95. ISBN 0 8138 1209 7.     

草坪种子品种快速鉴定技术研究I超薄层等电聚焦(IEF)电泳技术

草坪草种的品种真实性鉴定是评定草种质量的重要指标.依据<国际种子检验规程>,采用等电聚焦电泳技术对适于西北地区的几种冷季型草坪草种进行了品种真实性鉴定研究,确定了两性电解质的pH值范围、酶提取液浓度及最佳取材时间,证明等电聚焦电泳方法是鉴别草坪草品种的有效测定技术.     

应用BLUP法估计奶山羊产奶性能的遗传趋势

应用最佳线性无偏预测法(BLUP法)估计了西农莎能奶山羊(简称西农羊)群1960～1985年间的遗传趋势(Genetic Trend),结果为这26年间羊群产奶性能的平均遗传趋势等于7.2千克/年,表明过去对这群羊的选育是卓有成效的。     

光照处理、捉蛾交配时间与家蚕发蛾整齐度及产卵性能的关系

本文从光照处理、捉蛾交配时间两方面探讨与家蚕发蛾整齐度及产卵性能的关系,结果表明:以传统的早上5点捉蛾交配最好,而光照处理以深夜0点开始感光,8h以上、16h以内这一时段为好.     

不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响

本试验旨在探讨不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响。选用90头体况相近、平均体重为(61.97±4.37)kg的长白×大白杂交后备母猪,根据体重相近的原则均衡分成3组,每组5个重复,每个重复6头。3组母猪饲喂3种不同能量结构的等能等氮饲粮,其中组1饲粮含有49.70%淀粉、2.81%粗脂肪(EE)和8.95%中性洗涤纤维(NDF),组2饲粮含有43.52%淀粉、5.68%EE和12.53%NDF,组3饲粮含有37.13%淀粉、8.73%EE和16.02%NDF。预饲5d后开始试验,在猪群第1个个体出现发情后的1个月结束试验,试验期68d。结果表明:随着饲粮淀粉水平的降低和EE、NDF水平的增加,后备母猪背膘厚呈下降趋势,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);初情日龄以组1最小,但3组间差异不显著(P>0.05);发情率组1和组2比组3均提高10百分点,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和葡萄糖(GLU)浓度无显著影响(P>0.05)。血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)、瘦素(Leptin)、促黄体素(LH)浓度组1显著高于组3(P<0.05),血清促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)浓度组1显著高于组2和组3(P<0.05)。血清胰岛素(INS)、雌二醇(E2)和促卵泡素(FSH)浓度各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上可知,过多降低后备母猪饲粮淀粉水平并增加EE、NDF水平,会影响血清中代谢激素IGF-Ⅰ、Leptin和生殖激素GnRH、LH的分泌,不利于初情期启动。