BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Concise edition of internal medicine textbook: Pocket Companion to the Fourth Edition of the Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Edited by S. J. Ettinger.
Introduction to laboratory tests: Small Animal Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods (2nd edn). By M. D. Willard, H. Tvedten and G. H. Turnwald.
Reptile and amphibian questions: Self-Assessment Colour Review of Reptiles and Amphibians. By Frederic L. Frye and David L. Williams.
Diets for laboratory species: Nutritional Requirements of Laboratory Animals (4th edn). By the Subcommittee on Laboratory Animal Nutrition, Board of Agriculture.
State of the art in thoracic surgery: Small Animal Thoracic Surgery. By E. C. Orton and T. O. McCracken.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Principles of Veterinary Radiography By S. W. D ouglas and H. D. W illiamson .
Veterinary Clinical Pathology By D. L. D oxey .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
First Steps in Veterinary Science : By Kenneth Aspinall.
Laboratory Animal Houses: A Guide to the Design and Planning of Animal Facilities : By G. Clough and M. R. Gamble.
Black's Veterinary Dictionary     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Colourful questions on the exotics: Self-Assessment Picture Tests in Veterinary Medicine: Exotic Species. By John E. Cooper and Anthony W. Sainsbury.
Ready reference for cancer chemotherapy: Cancer Chemotherapy — Veterinary Handbook. Edited by K. A. Hahn and R. C. Richardson.
Bigger and better edition of dermatology text: Muller and Kirk's Small Animal Dermatology (5th edn). By Danny W. Scott, William H. Miller and Craig E. Griffin.     

Books Received but not Reviewed

Laboratory Profiles of Small Animal Diseases: A Guide to Laboratory Diagnosis. By Sodikoff. 594 pages; 192 illustrations. C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, MO. 2000. Price $79.95.
Pocket Companion to Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. By Ettinger. 864 pages with illustrations. W. B. Saunders Company, The Curtis Center, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, PA 19106–3399. 2001. Price $49.00.
Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. By Boothe. 832 pages; 165 illustrations. W. B. Saunders Company, The Curtis Center, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, PA 19106–3399. Price $89.00.
Exotic Animal Formulary. By Carpenter, Mashima, and Rupiper. 423 pages. W. B. Saunders Company. The Curtis Center, Independence Square West, Phila-delphia, PA 19106–3399. Price $32.50.
Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care: A Manual for the Veterinary Technician. By Battaglia. 384 pages with illustrations. W. B. Saunders Company, The Curtis Center, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, PA 19106–3399. Price $32.95.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article.
Progress in Veterinary Radiology. Acta Radiologica, Supplementurn 319 . Edited by Sten-Erik Olsson.
Principles of Veterinary Radiography . By S. W. Douglas and H. D. Williamson.
Lameness in Cattle . Paul R. Greenough, Finlay J. MacCallum and A. David Weaver     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
A Manual of Laboratory Techniques : Edited by G. D. Parkin and published by the British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
Introduction to Animal Neurology By A. C. Palmer.     

BOOK REVIEW

Book reviews in this article:
Radiographic Anatomy of Dog and Horse. By H. Schebitz and H. Wilkens.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
A useful resource for the ultrasonographer: Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat By Cordula Poulsen     

Clinical Use of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 in a Whooping Crane (Grus americana)

Objective— To report use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) as adjunctive therapy for treatment of a comminuted, open, proximal humeral fracture in an avian species.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— A 3.5-month-old male whooping crane ( Grus americana ).
Methods— An open, severely comminuted humeral facture was stabilized with an intramuscular (IM) pin/type IA external skeletal fixator with tie-in configuration. rhBMP-2 was applied in a calcium phosphate matrix (CPM) paste directly to the fracture site as a bone graft substitute. Radiographic evidence of bone healing was monitored for 14 weeks.
Results— Substantial bony callus was evident at 4 weeks and at 8 weeks there was bridging callus with obvious bony remodeling. The fixation was destabilized at 9 weeks by IM pin removal, bone healing progressed and the fixator was removed at 11 weeks. By 14 weeks both cortices had been re-established with continued callus remodeling evident.
Conclusion— rhBMP-2, applied in a CPM paste, was used as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of a comminuted, open humeral fracture in a whooping crane.
Clinical Relevance— Use of rhBMP-2/CPM should be considered in treatment of avian fractures.     

Use of Buccal Mucosal Flaps for the Correction of Congenital Soft Palate Defects in Three Dogs

Objective —To present an alternative surgical technique for the repair of soft palate defects in dogs.
Animal Population —Three Foxhound cross dogs.
Methods —Bilateral buccal mucosal flaps, based at the palatoglossal arches, were raised. One flap was rotated so that the mucosal side created the floor of the nasopharynx. The second flap was rotated so that the mucosal side formed the roof of the oropharynx. The mucosa of the remnant of the soft palate and the pharyngeal walls was incised and the flaps sutured to these free mucosal edges. The caudal ends of the two flaps were sutured to each other.
Results —Complete closure of the soft palate defect was obtained in all three dogs. The dogs were monitored for between 1.5 and 3 years postoperatively, and no long-term problems were encountered.
Conclusions —This surgical technique resulted in an excellent functional separation of the oropharynx and nasopharynx and allowed reconstruction of a large bilateral soft palate defect.
Clinical Relevance —By using the buccal mucosal flaps, as described in this report, a tension-free closure of large soft palate defects can be obtained, thereby eliminating a major cause of failure of this type of reconstructive surgery.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Anaesthesia of the Cat By L.W. Hall and P.M. Taylor
Veterinary Pediatrics: Dogs and Cats from Birth to Six Months. Edited by Johnny D. Hoskins     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
User-friendly reference source in small animal medicine: Textbook of Small Animal Medicine Edited by J. K. Dunn
Statistics by way of example: Statistics for Veterinary and Animal Science By Aviva Petrie and Paul Watson     

The effects of lifetime food restriction on the development of osteoarthritis in the canine shoulder

Objective— To report effects of age and lifetime food restriction on development and progression of shoulder joint osteoarthritis (OA) in Labrador retriever dogs.
Study Design— Longitudinal life-span, cohort study.
Animals— Labrador retriever dogs (n=48).
Methods— Littermates were paired (gender, weight) to make 24 pairs of genetically similar dogs. Each diet-restricted (DR) pair-mate was fed daily 75% of the same diet consumed by its control-fed (CF) pair-mate for life. Shoulders were evaluated radiographically at years 6, 8, and end of life (EOL). At EOL shoulders were evaluated grossly and by histopathology for OA.
Results— Radiographic evidence of shoulder OA was identified in 78% of dogs. Severity of radiographic shoulder OA at 6 ( P <.03) and 8 years ( P <.02) was significantly lower among DR dogs compared with CF dogs. Pooled gross evaluation results revealed 40 of 46 dogs had cartilage erosion on the caudal aspect of the humeral head. By EOL, 91% of dogs had histopathologic changes consistent with OA.
Conclusion— There was a high overall prevalence of radiographic, gross, and histologic OA among dogs. Substantial disparity was found between radiographic evidence of OA (at EOL) and characteristic changes visible by gross and histologic examination.
Clinical Relevance— Radiographic evaluation correlates poorly with severity of shoulder joint pathology. The benefits of DR on shoulder OA are consistent with the demonstrated effect of DR in delaying species- and strain-specific diseases of aging.     

Evaluation of Low Level Laser Therapy on Primary Healing of Experimentally Induced Full Thickness Teat Wounds in Dairy Cattle

Objective —The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on sutured wounds of the teat in dairy cattle.
Study Design —By using the Latin square design, the effect of LLLT was evaluated by radiography, measurement of microcirculation flow, histopathology, tensiometry, and hydroxyproline analysis.
Animals or Sample Population —Sixteen teats of four dairy cattle.
Methods —Full thickness wounds were made on the cranial surface of the teats. Teats were distributed into four groups; group A and B wounds were closed with a Gambee pattern, group C and D wounds were closed with three-layers of continuous suture pattern. Group B and D wounds were treated with 3.64 J/cm² of LLLT using a helium-neon system continuous wave (632.8 nm) output of 8.5 mW.
Results —The teat wall in non-LLLT groups was significantly thicker than in LLLT groups on day 7, 14 and 21. The mean blood flow differences between control and sutured sites in LLLT groups were significantly lower than those in non-LLLT groups. The morphology of the epidermis in LLLT groups more closely resembled the normal epidermis than that of non-LLLT groups. Collagen fibers in LLLT groups were denser, thicker, better arranged and more continuous with existing collagen fibers than those in non-LLLT groups. The mean tensile strength was significantly greater in LLLT groups than in non-LLLT groups.
Conclusion —The LLLT affects various aspects of the healing process, including minimizing inflammation, formation of edema, improvement of skin regeneration and enhancement of collagen synthesis.
Clinical Relevance —The LLLT could accelerate healing of sutured wounds of the teat in dairy cattle.     

Evaluation of the gamma-interferon assay for eradication of tuberculosis in a goat herd

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of the gamma-interferon assay in the diagnosis of caprine tuberculosis in comparison with a single intradermal tuberculin test, and to obtain a group of animals free from this infection in a herd with a high prevalence.
Design An immunological study involving four serial comparative gamma-interferon and single intradermal tuberculin tests.
Animals A herd of 87 goats of Guadarrama breed.
Procedure Serial testing and segregation of animals.
Results We found that the number of infections detected by the gamma-interferon test was considerably greater than the number detected by the single intradermal tuberculin test. A group of 10 animals was negative to both tests in two consecutive rounds and three kids were negative in the last round of testing.
Conclusions Gamma-interferon assay is appropriate for diagnosis and eradication of tuberculosis in goats. This test is able to detect early Mycobacterium bovis infection. Avian reactors with simultaneous increased reaction to bovine PPD in the gamma-interferon assay (designated as avian^B reactors) should be considered test positive for M bovis . By serial testing with the gamma-interferon and the single intradermal tuberculin tests, and a policy of segregation of kids at birth, it is possible to achieve a group of animals test negative for tuberculosis from a herd of goats with high immunoreactivity to this infection.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Veterinary Genetics : F. W. Nicholas.
Proceedings No. 87 Orthopaedic Surgery—Dogs and Cats
Notes on Canine Internal Medicine 2nd edn : P. G. G. Darke.
Manual of Small Animal Ophthalmology : Milton Wyman.
Small Animal Radiology : Ronald L. Burk and Norman Ackerman.
The Veterinary Annual 27th Edn : Edited by C. S. G. Grunsell, F. W. G. Hill and Mary-Elizabeth Raw.
Manual of Canine Behaviour : Valerie O'Farrell.
Dog care manual : David Alderton.
Cat care manual : Bradley Viner.
Pet Care : A. T. B. Edney and I. B. Hughes.
Dogwatching : Desmond Morris.
Catwatching : Desmond Morris.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
John McFadyean, Founder of Modern Veterinary Research. Iain Pattison. J. A. Allen.
Proceedings of XII Seminar, Sheep and Beef Cattle Society of the New Zealand Veterinary Association.
Pictorial Anatomy of the Cat. S. G. Ginbert.
Grazing Animals. Editor F. H. W. Morley.
Equine Medicine and Surgery. Editors R. A. Mansman and E. S. McAllister.
Applied Veterinary Anatomy. R. E. Habel.
Beef Production from Different Dairy Breeds and Dairy Beef Crosses. Editors C. J. More and O'Per rail.
Animal Health. David Sainsbury.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
What your pet needs: 1. Bird .L Palika.
2. Cat . L Palika.
3. Dog . L Palika.
4. Fish . M Wickham.
5. Horse . B Sikora Siino.
Clinical Radiology of the Horse 2nd edn JA Butler, CM Colles, SJ Dyson, SE Kold, and PW Poulos
Skin Diseases of the Cat, S.Paterson
The Health of Dairy Cattle, edited by AH Andrews     

Book Reviews / Buchbesprechungen

Book reviews in this article:
Kühl, Chr.: Die Körpersprache der Haustiere — Tiere besser verstehen lernen.
Gassen, X., X. Martin and X Sachse: "Der Stoff aus dem die Gene sind."
Meyer, H. (Hrsg.): Beitraäe zum Wasser- und Mineralstoffhaushalt des Pferdes. Contributions to water and mineral metabolism of the horse.
Curtis, John L.: Cattle Embryo Transfer Procedure.
Dik, K.J. und I. Gunsser: Atlas der Röntgendiagnostik beim Pferd.
Granz, E.; Weiss, J.; Pabst, W. und Strack, K.E.: Tierproduktion.
Wiesner, E. und Ribbeck, R.: Wörterbuch der Veterinärmedizin.
Hentschel, E. u. Wagner, G.: Zoologisches Wörterbuch.
Löscher, W., Ungemach, F.R. und Kroker, R.: Grundlagen der Pharmakotherapie bei Haus- und Nutztieren.
Busch, W., Löhle, K. und Peter, W.: Künstiiche Besamung bei Nutztieren.